Saunt Petersburg

Saunt Petersburg
Санкт-Петербург (Roushie)
—  Federal ceety  —
Clockwise frae top left: Saint Isaac's Cathedral rises ower the ceety, Peter an Paul Fortress on Zayachy Island, Palace Square wi the Alexander Column, Petergof, Nevsky Prospekt, an the Winter Palace
Flag Coat of arms
Coordinates: 59°57′N 30°19′E
Poleetical status
Kintra	Roushie
Federal destrict	Northwastren
Economic region	Northwastren
Established	May 27, 1703
Federal ceety Day	May 27
Govrenment (as of March 2010)
- Govrenor	Georgy Poltavchenko (actin)
- Legislature	Legislative Assembly
Statistics
Aurie
- Total	1,439 km2 (555.6 sq mi)
Aurie rank	82nt
Population (2010 Census)
- Total	4,879,566
- Rank	4t
- Density	3,390.94 /km2 ({{rnd/cdec||()}} /sq mi)
Population (2002 Census)
- Total
- Rank	{{{pop_2002census_rank}}}
- Density	/km2 ( /sq mi)
Time zone(s)	Template:RussiaTimeZone
ISO 3166-2	RU-SPE
License plates	78, 98, 178
Offeecial leids	Roushie

Saunt Petersburg (Roushie:  Са́нкт-Петербу́рг^?‎) is a ceety an a federal subject (a federal ceety) o Roushie locatit on the Neva River at the heid o the Gulf o Finland on the Baltic Sea. The ceety's ither names wis Petrograd (Roushie: Петроград‎, 1914–1924) an Leningrad (Roushie: Ленинград‎, 1924–1991). It is aften cawed juist Petersburg (Roushie: Петербург‎) an is informally kent as Piter (Roushie: Питер‎).

Foondit bi Tsar Peter I o Roushie on May 27, 1703, it wis the caipital o the Roushie Empire for mair than twa hunder years (1713–1728, 1732–1918). Saunt Petersburg ceased being the caipital in 1918 efter the Roushie Revolution o 1917 It is Roushie's seicont lairgest ceety efter Moscow wi 4.6 million inhabitants, an fowert in Europe efter Istanbul, Lunnon an Moscow. Saunt Petersburg is a major European cultural centre, an an important Roushie port on the Baltic Sea.

Saunt Petersburg is aften described as the maist Wastren ceety o Roushie. Amang ceeties o the warld wi ower ane million fowk, Saunt Petersburg is the northrenmaist. The Heestoric Centre o Saunt Petersburg an Related Groups o Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Steid. Saunt Petersburg is an aa hame tae The Hermitage, the lairgest airt museum in the warld. Roushie's poleetical an cultural centre for 200 years, the ceety is sometimes referred tae in Roushie as the Northren Caipital. Ower its heestory it haes an aa been referenced as "the Venice o the north" an the "Northren Palmyra". A lairge number o foreign consulates, internaitional corporations, banks an ither businesses are locatit in Saunt Petersburg.

Demographics

Main airticle: Demographics o Saunt Petersburg

Saunt Petersburg is the seicont lairgest ceety in Roushie. Per the 2010 Census, the federal subject's population is 4,879,566, or 3.4% o the total population o Roushie; up frae 4,661,219 (3.21%) recordit in the 2002 Census, an doun frae 5,023,506 recordit in the 1989 Census.

The 2010 Census recordit the ethnic composition as follaes: Russian 92.5%, Ukrainian 1.5%, Belaroushies 0.9%, Jewish 0.6%, Tatar 0.7%, Uzbek 0.5%, Armenie 0.5%, Azeri 0.4%, Tajik 0.3%, Georgie 0.2%, Moldovan 0.2%, Finns 0.1%. Additionally, 652,827 fowk wur registered frae admeenistrative databases, an coud no declare an ethnicity. It is estimatit that the proportion o ethnicities in this group is the same as that o the declared group.

The 20t century saw hectic ups an douns in population. Frae 2.4 million in 1916 it haed droppit tae less than 740,000 bi 1920 durin the Roushie Revolution an Roushie Ceevil War. The minorities o Germans, Poles, Finns, Estonies an Latvies wur amaist completely transferred frae Leningrad durin the 1930s. Frae 1941 tae the end o 1943, population droppit frae 3 million tae less than 600,000, as fowk deed in battles, starvit tae daith durin the Siege o Leningrad, or wur evacuatit. Efter the siege, some o the evacuees returned, but maist influx wis due tae migration frae ither pairts o the Soviet Union. The ceety absorbit aboot 3 million fowk in the 1950s an grew tae ower 5 million in the 1980s. Frae 1991 tae 2006 the ceety's population decreased tae the 4.6 million, while the suburban population increased due tae privatization o land an massive muive tae suburbs. Based on the 2010 census results the current population is ower 4.8 million. The birth rate remains lawer than the daith rate; fowk ower 65 constitute mair than twinty percent o the population; an the median age is aboot 40 years.

FOwk in urban Saint Petersburg live maistly in apairtments. Atween 1918 an the 1990s, the Soviets nationalised hoosin an forcit residents tae share communal apairtments (kommunalkas). Wi 68% livin in shared flats in the 1930s, Leningrad wis the ceety in the USSR wi the lairgest number o kommunalkas. Resettlin residents o kommunalkas is nou on the wey oot, albeit shared apairtments are still no uncommon. As new boroughs were built on the outskirts in the 1950s–1980s, ower hauf a million law income families eventually receivit free apairtments, an aboot an additional hunder thoosan condos wur purchased. While economic an social activity is concentratit in the historic ceety centre, the richest pairt o Saunt Petersburg, maist fowk live in commuter areas. For the first hauf o 2007, the birth rate wis 9.1 per 1000.

Govrenment

Further information: Govrenment in Saunt Petersburg

The Mariinsky Palace, seat o the ceety assembly

Smolny Institute, the seat o the govrenor

Saunt Petersburg is a federal subject of Roushie. The poleetical life o Saunt Petersburg is regulatit bi the ceety chairter adoptit bi the ceety legislatur in 1998. The superior executive body is the Saunt Petersburg Ceety Admeenistration, led bi the govrenor (mayor afore 1996). Saunt Petersburg haes a single-chamber legislatur, the Saunt Petersburg Legislative Assembly.

Accordin tae the federal law passed in 2004, heids o federal subjects, includin the govrenor o Saint Petersburg, are nominatit bi the Preses o Roushie an approvit bi local legislaturs. If the legislatur disappruives the nominee, it is dissolvit.

Saunt Petersburg ceety is currently dividit intae aichteen districts. Saunt Petersburg is an aw the admeenistrative centre o Leningrad Oblast, an o the Northwastren Federal Destrict. The Constitutional Court o Roushie muivit tae Saunt Petersburg frae Moscow in Mey 2008.

Saunt Petersburg an Leningrad Oblast, being twa different federal subjects, share a number o local depairtments o federal executive agencies an courts, such as court o arbitration, polis, FSB, postal service, drug enforcement admeenistration, penitentiary service, federal registration service, an ither federal services.

Freemit airtins

• Официальный портал администрации Санкт-Петербурга (ru). The Saint Petersburg City Authority: 191060, St. Petersburg, Smolny [Администрация Санкт-Петербурга 191060, СПб., Смольный] (2001–2011). Retrieved on 9 Februar 2011. .
• Committee for Investment and Strategic Projects (2010). Saint Petersburg — open city (en). The Government of St. Petersburg. Retrieved on 9 Februar 2011. .
• Encyclopaedia of Saint Petersburg (en). The Likhachov Foundation (2004). Retrieved on 9 Februar 2011. .
• Marina Sidyakina. "Destination: St Petersburg", Helsinki Times, 2008-04-10. Retrieved on 9 Februar 2011..

• Travel guide tae Saunt Petersburg frae Wikitravel
• Template:In Our Time
• Bob Atchinson (2010). Saint Petersburg, 1900: a photographic travelogue of the capital of Imperial Russia (en). Retrieved on 9 Februar 2011. .
• Life o Saunt Petersburg in photos

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