Sofia
| Sofia София |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||||
|
|||||
| Motto: Расте, но не старее (Grows but Does no Age)[1] |
|||||
  Sofia
|
|||||
| Coordinates: 42°42′N 23°20′E / 42.7°N 23.333°E | |||||
| Kintra |  Bulgarie |
||||
| Province | Sofia-Caipital | ||||
| Settled by Thracians | as Serdica 7t century BC | ||||
| Govrenment | |||||
| - Mayor o Sofia | Yordanka Fandakova | ||||
| Aurie | |||||
| - Ceety | 492 km2 (190 sq mi) | ||||
| Hicht | 550 m (1,804 ft) | ||||
| Indwallers (Census 2011 (Ceety an Urban),[2] Forecast 2011 (Metro)[3]) |
|||||
| - Ceety | 1,232,088 | ||||
| - Densitie | 944/km2 (2,444.9/sq mi) | ||||
| - Urban | 1,291,591 | ||||
| - Metro | 1,370,000 (Metro aurie) | ||||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | ||||
| - Simmer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||||
| Postal code | 1000 | ||||
| Aurie code(s) | (+359) 02 | ||||
| Wabsteid | www.Sofia.bg | ||||
Sofia (Bulgarie: София, pronounced [ˈsɔfija] (
listen)) is the caipital an lairgest ceety[4] o Bulgarie an the 47t lairgest ceety bi population in the European Union wi 1.3 million fowk.[5][6] It is locatit in wastren Bulgarie, at the fuit o Munt Vitosha an is ranked as a Beta warld ceety.
Prehistoric settlements wur excavatit in the centre o the present ceety, near the ryal palace, as well as in ooter districts such as Slatina an Obelya. The well-preserved toun walls (especially their substructures) frae antiquity date back afore the 7t century BC, when Thracians establisht their ceety next tae the maist important an heichlie respectit mineral sprung, still functionin the day. Sofia haes haed several names in the different periods o its existence, an remnants frae the ceety's past can still be seen the day alangside modren landmarks.
Table o contents |
Names [edit]
Sofia wis first mentioned in the sources as Serdica in relation tae Marcus Licinius Crassus' campaigns in 59 BC. The name Serdica or Sardica (Σερδική, Σαρδική) wis popular in Laitin, Auncient Greek an Byzantine Greek sources frae Antiquity an the Middle Ages; it wis relatit tae the local Celtic[7] tribe o the Serdi. The name wis last uised in the 19t century in a Bulgarie text, Service an hagiografie o Saunt George the New o Sofia: ВЪ САРДАКІИ. Anither o Sofia's names, Triaditsa (Τριάδιτζα), wis mentioned in Greek medieval sources. The Bulgarian name Sredets (СРѢДЄЦЪ), which is relatit tae среда sreda (middle), first appeared in the 11t-century Vision o Daniel an wis widely uised in the Middle Ages. The current name Sofia wis first uised in the 14t-century Vitosha Chairter o Bulgarian tsar Ivan Shishman or in a Ragusan merchant's notes o 1376; it refers tae the famous Hagia Sophia, an auncient kirk in the ceety namit efter the Christian concept o the Holy Wisdom. Although Sredets remained in uise till the late 18t century, Sofia gradually owercame the Slavic name in popularity.[8] Durin the Ottoman rule it wis cawed Sofya bi the Turkish population.
The ceety's name is pronooncit bi Bulgaries wi a stress on the 'o', in contrast wi the tendency o foreigners tae place the stress on 'i'. Interestingly, the female given name "Sofia" is pronooncit bi Bulgaries wi a stress on the 'i'.
Internaitional relations [edit]
- Main airticle: Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Bulgarie
Twin touns — Sister ceeties [edit]
Sofia is twinned wi:
Algiers, Algerie
Ankara, Turkey (syne 1992)
Berlin, Germany
Bratislava, Slovakie (syne 2008)
Brussels, Belgium
Bucharest, Romanie
Budapest, Hungary- Bursa, Turkey (syne 1998)
Helsinki, Finland
Kiev, Ukraine (syne 1997)
Lunnon, Unitit Kinrick
Madrid, Spain
Milan, Italy
Paris, Fraunce (syne 1998)
Pittsburgh, Unitit States
Prague, Czech Republic
Saunt Petersburg, Roushie- Maraş, Turkey
Skopje, Macedonie (syne 2006)
Tel Aviv, Israel (syne 1992)
Tirana, Albanie (syne 2008)[9][10]
Yerevan, Armenie (syne 2008)
Warsaw, Poland
Salalah, Oman
References [edit]
- ↑ Sofia Trough Centuries. Sofia Municipality. Retrieved on 16 October 2009. .
- ↑ Census 2011
- ↑ eurometrex.org, Sofia Metro Aurie (1,280,000 in 2001 an 1,450,000 in 2020, equal tae 1,370,000 in 2011); Sofia Metro Region (1,435,000 in 2001 an 1,540,000 in 2020, equal tae 1,490,000 in 2011)
- ↑ Таблица на населението по постоянен и настоящ адрес. ГД "Гражданска Регистрация и Административно Обслужване". Retrieved on 10 Mairch 2008. .
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Population table by permanent and present address (Bulgarian). Head Direction of Residential Registration and Administrative Service. Retrieved on 15 Januar 2010. .
- ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, ISBN 0-521-22717-8, 1992, page 600: "In the place of the vanished Treres and Tilataei we find the Serdi for whom there is no evidence before the first century bc.It has for long being supposed on convincing linguistic and archeological grounds that this tribe was of Celtic origin"
- ↑ Чолева-Димитрова, Анна М. (2002). Селищни имена от Югозападна България: Изследване. Речник (in Bulgarian). София: Пенсофт, 169–170.
- ↑ Twinning Cities: International Relations (PDF). Municipality of Tirana. www.tirana.gov.al. Retrieved on 23 Juin 2009. .
- ↑ Twinning Cities: International Relations. Municipality of Tirana. www.tirana.gov.al. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
Freemit airtins [edit]
- Three gigapixels photo o Sofia frae 08.10.2010
- Ceety o Sofia
- Sofia public transport Offeecial Site
- Sofia Ceety Cooncil (Bulgarie)
- Auld pictures frae Sofia
Travel guide tae Sofia frae Wikivoyage- Sofia at the Open Directory Project
- Virtual panoramas frae Sofia
- Gallery o Sofia bi Nicht
- Image Gallery frae Sofia
- Video Photo Gallery o Sofia, Bulgarie (video)
- Archival images o Sofia
- Sofia live webcam - the Roushie monument
- "Sofia" — pictures frae Sofia
|
||||||||||||||
 |
This Balkans-relatit airticle's a stub. Ye can gie Wikipædia a haund bi eikin til it. |
 |
This ceity-relatit airticle's a stub. Ye can gie Wikipædia a haund bi eikin til it. |
