Haifa
Haifa (Ebreu: חֵיפָה); is the lairgest ceety in northren Israel, an the third-lairgest ceety in the kintra, wi a population o ower 265,000. Anither 300,000 fowk live in touns directly adjacent tae the ceety includin the ceeties o the Krayot, as well as, Tirat Carmel, Daliyat al-Karmel an Nesher. Thegither these auries form a contiguous urban aurie hame tae nearly 600,000 residents which makes up the inner core o the Haifa metropolitan aurie.[1][2] Haifa haes a mixed population o Jews an Arabs, although Jews make up tae 90% majority. The Arab population is predominantly Christian, whereas 28% o the Jewish population (correct for 2009) is made o immigrants frae the umwhile Soviet Union.[3] It is an aa home tae the Bahá'í Warld Centre, a UNESCO Warld Heritage Site.[4][5]
Built on the slopes o Munt Carmel, Haifa haes a history datin back tae Biblical times. The earliest kent settlement in the vicinity wis Tell Abu Hawam, a sma port ceety established in the Late Bronze Age (14t century BCE).[6] In the 3rd century CE, Haifa wis kent as a dye-makin center. Ower the centuries, the ceety haes chynged haunds: It haes been conquered an ruled bi the Phoenicians, Ebreus, Persians, Hasmoneans, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Crusaders, Ottomans, Egyptians, Breetish, an the Israelis. Synee the establishment o the State o Israel in 1948, the ceety haes been govrened bi the Haifa Municipality.
The day, the ceety is a major seaport locatit on Israel's Mediterranean coastline in the Bay o Haifa coverin 63.7 square kilometres (24.6 sq mi). It is locatit aboot 90 kilometres (56 mi) north o Tel Aviv an is the major regional center o northren Israel. Twa respectit academic institutions, the University o Haifa an the Technion, are locatit in Haifa, an the ceety plays an important role in Israel's economy. It haes several heh-tech pairks, amang them the auldest an lairgest in the kintra,[7] an industrial port, an a petroleum refinery. Haifa wis umwhile the wastren terminus o an oil pipeline frae Iraq via Jordan.[8]
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[edit] Etymology
The oreegin o the name "Haifa" is unclear. Accordin tae historian Alex Carmel, it mey come frae the Ebreu verb ruit חפה (hafa), meanin tae cover or shield, i.e. Munt Carmel covers Haifa.[9] Anither possible oreegin is the Ebreu wird חוֹף (hof), an aa meanin beach, or חוֹף יָפֶה (hof yafe), meanin bonnie beach.[10] Some Christians believe that the toun wis named efter the heich priest Caiaphas, or Saunt Peter (Keiphah in Aramaic).[9]
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[edit] Twin touns - Sister ceeties
Haifa is twinned wi the follaein ceeties:[11]
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[edit] References
- ↑ Table 3 - Population of Localities Numbering Above 2,000 Residents and Other Rural Population. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (2010-06-30). Retrieved on 30 October 2010. .
- ↑ Haifa. Jewish Agency. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. . Retrieved on 5 Mey 2007. .
- ↑ Haifa, The Jewish Agency for Israel. Retrieved June 20, 2009.
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Centre (2008-07-08). Three new sites inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Retrieved on 8 Julie 2008. .
- ↑ History of Haifa. Retrieved on 11 Apryle 2008. .
- ↑ Encyclopedia Judaica, Haifa, Keter Publishing, Jerusalem, 1972, vol. 7, pp. 1134-1139
- ↑ GavYam. Gav-Yam.co.il. Retrieved on 18 Februar 2008. .
- ↑ Cohen, Amiram. U.S. Checking Possibility of Pumping Oil from Northern Iraq to Haifa, via Jordan. Haaretz. Retrieved on 6 Dizember 2008. .
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Carmel, Alex (2002). The History of Haifa Under Turkish Rule, 4th, Haifa: Pardes. (translated from Hebrew)
- ↑ Winter, Dave (1999). Israel Handbook: With the Palestinian Authority Areas. Footprint Travel Guides. Retrieved on 2009-07-26.
- ↑ Twin City acitivities. Haifa Municipality. Archived from the original on 9 October 2007. . Retrieved on 14 Februar 2008. .
- ↑ Portsmouth City Council. Twinning. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
- ↑ Sister Cities of Manila. © 2008-2009 City Government of Manila. Retrieved on 2 Julie 2009. .
- ↑ Haifa agreement with partner
- ↑ Twin Towns. www.amazingdusseldorf.com. Retrieved on 29 October 2009. .
- ↑ Boston (Hebrew). Haifa Municipality. Retrieved on 5 Apryle 2009. .
