Jerusalem
Jerusalem (Ebreu: ירושלים, Yerushaláyim; Arabic: القـُدْس, al-Quds) is the lairgest ceety o Israel an some kintras merkit it as the caipital o Israel though it haes nae internaitional kent heidhaund an is merkit as occupiet grund unner internaitional law. It haes a population o 719,900 indwallers. It is the destination o mony veesitors tae Israel. Jerusalem is merkit as a centre o three releegion (judaism, christianity an islam). The ceety haes a lang history, datin back tae 19th century BCE.
Mony chiels claim that it shoudnae be kent as the caipital o Israel, as East Jerusalem is supposed tae be the Palestinian caipital.
The UN disnae recognise its status as the caipital o Israel as its anerly the caipital unner Israeli law an no internaitional law.
Aye branch o the Israeli govrement is locatit in Jerusalem, includin the Knesset (Israel's pairliament), the residences o the Prime Meenister an Preses, an the Supreme Court. Jerusalem is hame tae the Ebreu University an tae the Israel Museum wi its Shrine o the Beuk. The Jerusalem Biblical Zoo haes ranked conseistently as Israel's top tourist attraction for Israelis.
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[edit] Etymology
Template:Further A ceety cawed Rušalimum or Urušalimum (Foondation o Shalem)[1] appears in auncient Egyptian records as the first twa references tae Jerusalem, in c. 2000 BCE an c. 1330 BCE respectively.[2][3][4] The form Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) first appears in the Bible, in the beuk o Joshua. This form haes the appearance o a portmanteau (blend) ofYireh (an abidin place o the fear an the service o God)[5] an the oreeginal ruit S-L-M an is no a simple phonetic evolution o the form in the Amarna letters. The meanin o the common ruit S-L-M is unkent but is thought tae refer tae either "peace" (Salam or Shalom in modren Arabic an Ebreu) or Shalim, the god o dusk in the Canaanite releegion.[6][7][8]
Typically the endin -im indicates the plural in Ebreu grammar an -ayim the dual thus leadin tae the suggestion that the name refers tae the fact that the ceety sits on twa hills.[9][10] Housomeivver the pronunciation o the last seellable as -ayim appears tae be a late development, which haed no yet appeared at the time o the Septuagint.
The tradition names the auldest settled neighborhuid o Jerusalem the Ceety o David. "Zion" initially referred tae pairt o the ceety, but later came tae signify the ceety as a whole an as a metaphor for the Biblical Land o Israel. In Greek an Laitin the ceety's name wis transliteratit Hierosolyma (Ἱεροσόλυμα), although the ceety wis renamed Aelia Capitolina for pairt o the Roman period o its history. In Arabic, Jerusalem is maist commonly kent as القُدس, transliteratit as al-Quds an meaning "The Holy".
[edit] Twin touns an sister ceeties
New York Ceety, Unitit States (syne 1993)
[edit] References
- ↑ Jerusalem, the Holy City by Stephen J. Binz, 2005
- ↑ G.Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren (eds.) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, (tr.David E.Green) William B.Eerdmann, Grand Rapids Michigan, Cambridge, UK 1990, Vol. VI, p.348
- ↑ EA287 ''Abdi Hiba of Jerusalem to the king, No. 3''. Specialtyinterests.net. Retrieved on 11 September 2010. .
- ↑ ''The El Amarna Letters from Canaan''. Tau.ac.il. Retrieved on 11 September 2010. .
- ↑ The Legends of the Jews Volume 1 by Louis Ginzberg, Release Date: October, 1998
- ↑ Online Etymology Dictionary. Etymonline.com. Retrieved on 17 Mairch 2010. .
- ↑ Elon, Amos (1996-01-08). Jerusalem. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Retrieved on 2007-04-26. “The epithet may have originated in the ancient name of Jerusalem—Salem (after the pagan deity of the city), which is etymologically connected in the Semitic languages with the words for peace (shalom in Hebrew, salam in Arabic).”
- ↑ Ringgren, H., Die Religionen des Alten Orients (Göttingen, 1979), 212.
- ↑ Wallace, Edwin Sherman (August 1977). Jerusalem the Holy. New York: Arno Press. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. “A similar view was held by those who give the Hebrew dual to the word”
- ↑ Smith, George Adam (1907). Jerusalem: The Topography, Economics and History from the Earliest Times to A.D. 70. Hodder and Stoughton. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. “The termination -aim or -ayim used to be taken as the ordinary termination of the dual of nouns, and was explained as signifying the upper and lower cities” (see here [1])
[edit] Freemit airtins
- Offeecial wabsteid o Jerusalem Municipality
- Jerusalemp3, affers free virtual tours in mp3 format frae the Jerusalem Municipality
- Travel guide tae Jerusalem frae Wikitravel
