Tungsten

Tungsten,  ₇₄W

General properties
Name, seembol	tungsten, W
Appearance	grayish white, lustrous
Pronunciation	/ˈtʌŋstən/ TUNG-stən; /ˈwʊlfrəm/ WUUL-frəm
Tungsten in the periodic cairt
Mo ↑ W ↓ Sg tantalum ← tungsten → rhenium
Atomic nummer (Z)	74
Group, block	group 6, d-block
Period	period 6
Element category	transeetion metal
Staundart atomic wicht (Ar)	183.84
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase	solid
Meltin pynt	3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
Bylin pynt	5828 K ​(5555 °C, ​10031 °F)
Density near r.t.	19.25 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	17.6 g/cm3
Creetical pynt	13892 K,  MPa
Heat o fusion	35.3 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	806.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.27 J/(mol·K)
vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.36
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	162±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structur	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	(annealed) 4620 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	4.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	173 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	52.8 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	411 GPa
Shear modulus	161 GPa
Bulk modulus	310 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.28
Mohs haurdness	7.5
Vickers haurdness	3430 MPa
Brinell haurdness	2570 MPa
CAS Nummer	7440-33-7
History
Discovery	Torbern Bergman (1781)
First isolation	Juan José Elhuyar an Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Maist stable isotopes o tungsten
iso NA hauf-life DM DE (MeV) DP 180W 0.12% 1.8×1018 y α 2.516 176Hf 181W syn 121.2 d ε 0.188 181Ta 182W 26.50% >1.7×1020 y (α) 1.772 178Hf 183W 14.31% >8×1019 y (α) 1.680 179Hf 184W 30.64% >1.8×1020 y (α) 1.123 180Hf 185W syn 75.1 d β− 0.433 185Re 186W 28.43% >4.1×1018 y (α) 1.656 182Hf (β−β−) - 186Os
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed

Tungsten, an aa kent as wolfram, is a chemical element wi the chemical seembol W an atomic nummer 74. The wird tungsten comes frae the Swadish leid tung sten directly translatable tae hivy stane, tho the name is volfram in Swadish tae distinguish it frae Scheelite, which in Swadish is alternatively named tungsten.