Antimony

Antimony,  ₅₁Sb

General properties
Name, seembol	antimony, Sb
Appearance	sillery lustrous gray
Pronunciation	UK /ˈæntᵻməni/ AN-ti-mə-nee; US /ˈæntᵻmoʊni/ AN-ti-moh-nee
Antimony in the periodic cairt
As ↑ Sb ↓ Bi tin ← antimony → tellurium
Atomic nummer (Z)	51
Group, block	group 15 (pnictogens), p-block
Period	period 5
Element category	metalloid
Staundart atomic wicht (±) (Ar)	121.760(1)
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 5
Pheesical properties
Phase	solid
Meltin pynt	903.78 K ​(630.63 °C, ​1167.13 °F)
Bylin pynt	1860 K ​(1587 °C, ​2889 °F)
Density near r.t.	6.697 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.53 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	19.79 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	193.43 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.23 J/(mol·K)
vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 807 876 1011 1219 1491 1858
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 3, -3
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.05
Ionisation energies	(mair)
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	139±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	206 pm
Miscellanea
Creestal structur	​trigonal
Speed o soond thin rod	3420 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	11 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	24.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	417 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	55 GPa
Shear modulus	20 GPa
Bouk modulus	42 GPa
Mohs haurdness	3.0
Brinell haurdness	294 MPa
CAS Nummer	7440-36-0
History
Diskivery	3000 BC
First isolation	Vannoccio Biringuccio (1540)
Maist stable isotopes o antimony
iso NA hauf-life DM DE (MeV) DP 121Sb 57.36% - (SF) <25.718 123Sb 42.64% - (SF) <23.454 125Sb syn 2.7582 y β− 0.767 125Te
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed

Antimony is a chemical element wi seembol Sb (frae Laitin: stibium) an atomic nummer 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is foond in naitur mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb₂S₃). Antimony compoonds hae been kent syne auncient times an wur uised for cosmetics; metallic antimony wis an aa kent, but it wis erroneously identified as leid. It wis established tae be an element aroond the 17t century.