Dysprosium

Dysprosium, ₆₆Dy
Dysprosium
Pronunciation	/dɪsˈproʊziəm/ (dis-PROH-zee-əm)
Appearance	sillery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Dy)	162.500(1)
Dysprosium in the periodic cairt
	terbium ← dysprosium → holmium
Atomic nummer (Z)	66
Group	group n/a
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Element category	Lanthanide
Electron confeeguration	[Xe] 4f10 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 28, 8, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	solit
Meltin pynt	1680 K (1407 °C, 2565 °F)
Bylin pynt	2840 K (2562 °C, 4653 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	8.540 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	8.37 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	11.06 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	280 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.7 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0, +1, +2, +3, +4 waikly basic
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.22
Atomic radius	empirical: 178 pm
Covalent radius	192±7 pm
	Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o dysprosium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	primordial
Creestal structur	hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed o soond thin rod	2710 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 9.9 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity	10.7 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 926 n Ω·m
Magnetic orderin	paramagnetic at 300 K
Young's modulus	(α form) 61.4 GPa
Shear modulus	(α form) 24.7 GPa
Bulk modulus	(α form) 40.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	(α form) 0.247
Vickers haurdness	540 MPa
Brinell haurdness	500 MPa
CAS Nummer	7429-91-6
History
Diskivery	Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)
Main isotopes o dysprosium
β+β+	156Gd
	view; talk; edit; \| references

Dysprosium is a chemical element wi the seembol Dy an atomic nummer 66. It is a rare yird element wi a metallic siller luster. Dysprosium is never foond in naitur as a free element, tho it is foond in sindry minerals, sic as xenotime. Naiturally occurrin dysprosium is componed o 7 isotopes, the maist abundant o which is ¹⁶⁴Dy.

Dysprosium wis first identified in 1886 bi Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, but wis nae isolatit in pur fairm till the development o ion exchange techniques in the 1950s. Dysprosium is uised for its heich thermal neutron absorption cross-section in makin control rods in nuclear reactors, for its heich magnetic susceptibility in data storage applications, an as a component o Terfenol-D. Soluble dysprosium salts are mildly toxic, while the insoluble salts are considered non-toxic.

Freemit airtins

↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017.

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[Cloke1993-2] Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017.

[1]

[2]