Template:Infobox nickel

Nickel, ₂₈Ni

Nickel
Appearance	lustrous, metallic, an siller wi a gowd tinge
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Ni)	7001586934000000000♠58.6934(4)
Nickel in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium - ↑ Ni ↓ Pd cobalt ← nickel → copper
Atomic nummer (Z)	28
Group	group 10
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Element category	Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration	[Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	solit
Meltin pynt	1728 K ​(1455 °C, ​2651 °F)
Bylin pynt	3186 K ​(2913 °C, ​5275 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	8.908 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.81 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	17.48 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	377.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.91
Ionisation energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 124 pm
Covalent radius	124±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range Spectral lines o nickel
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	primordial
Creestal structur	​face-centred cubic (fcc)
Speed o soond thin rod	4900 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	90.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	69.3 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	ferromagnetic
Young's modulus	200 GPa
Shear modulus	76 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs haurdness	4.0
Vickers haurdness	638 MPa
Brinell haurdness	700 MPa
CAS Nummer	7440-02-0
History
Diskivery	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
First isolation	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
Main isotopes o nickel
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 58Ni 68.077% >7×1020 y (β+β+) 58Fe 59Ni trace 7.6×104 y ε 59Co 60Ni 26.223% stable 61Ni 1.14% stable 62Ni 3.634% stable 63Ni syn 100.1 y β− 63Cu 64Ni 0.926% stable
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed

style="text-align:left"| data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1455	—	—
K	1728	1728	0
F	2651	2651	0
WD	2831 !2831 Fahrenheit 1728 kelvin 1455 Celsius
input	C: 1455, K: 1728, F: 2651
comment

style="text-align:left"| data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	2913	—	—
K	3186	3186	0
F	5275	5275	0
WD	5139 !5139 Fahrenheit 3186 kelvin 2913 Celsius
input	C: 2913, K: 3186, F: 5275
comment

References

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