Template:Infobox nickel

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Nickel, 28Ni
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt
Nickel
Appearancelustrous, metallic, an siller wi a gowd tinge
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Ni)58.6934(4)[1]
Nickel in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
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Ni

Pd
cobaltnickelcopper
Atomic nummer (Z)28
Groupgroup 10
Periodperiod 4
Blockd-block
Element category  Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration[Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1
Pheesical properties
Phase at STPsolit
Meltin pynt1728 K ​(1455 °C, ​2651 °F)
Bylin pynt3186 K ​(2913 °C, ​5275 °F)
Density (near r.t.)8.908 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)7.81 g/cm3
Heat o fusion17.48 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation377.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, −1, 0, +1,[2] +2, +3, +4[3] (a mildly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.91
Ionisation energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 124 pm
Covalent radius124±4 pm
Van der Waals radius163 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range
Colour lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines o nickel
Ither properties
Naitural occurrenceprimordial
Creestal structurface-centred cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic creestal structur for nickel
Speed o soond thin rod4900 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity90.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity69.3 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderinferromagnetic
Young's modulus200 GPa
Shear modulus76 GPa
Bulk modulus180 GPa
Poisson ratio0.31
Mohs haurdness4.0
Vickers haurdness638 MPa
Brinell haurdness700 MPa
CAS Nummer7440-02-0
History
DiskiveryAxel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
First isolationAxel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
Main isotopes o nickel
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
58Ni 68.077% >7×1020 y (β+β+) 58Fe
59Ni trace 7.6×104 y ε 59Co
60Ni 26.223% stable
61Ni 1.14% stable
62Ni 3.634% stable
63Ni syn 100.1 y β 63Cu
64Ni 0.926% stable
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed
| references
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1455
K 1728 1728 0
F 2651 2651 0
WD 2831 Fahrenheit 1728 kelvin 1455 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata [6]
input C: 1455, K: 1728, F: 2651
comment
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 2913
K 3186 3186 0
F 5275 5275 0
WD 5139 Fahrenheit 3186 kelvin 2913 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata [6]
input C: 2913, K: 3186, F: 5275
comment

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357–61. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.
  3. Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 290–4. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.
  4. M. Carnes; et al. (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48: 3384. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435.
  5. S. Pfirrmann; et al. (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48: 3357. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862.
  6. a b https://webelements.com/nickel/index.html; date retrieved: 16 Januar 2024.