Template:Infobox molybdenum

Molybdenum, ₄₂Mo

Molybdenum
Pronunciation	/məˈlɪbdɪnəm/ ​(mə-LIB-din-əm)
Appearance	gray metallic
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Mo)	7001959500000000000♠95.95(1)
Molybdenum in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium Cr ↑ Mo ↓ W niobium ← molybdenum → technetium
Atomic nummer (Z)	42
Group	group 6
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Element category	Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration	[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	solit
Meltin pynt	2896 K ​(2623 °C, ​4753 °F)
Bylin pynt	4912 K ​(4639 °C, ​8382 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	10.28 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	9.33 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	37.48 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	598 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.06 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2742 2994 3312 3707 4212 4879
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 strangly acidic
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.16
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	154±5 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range Spectral lines o molybdenum
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	primordial
Creestal structur	​body-centred cubic (bcc)
Speed o soond thin rod	5400 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	4.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	138 W/(m·K)
Thermal diffusivity	54.3 mm2/s (at 300 K)
Electrical resistivity	53.4 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	329 GPa
Shear modulus	126 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs haurdness	5.5
Vickers haurdness	1530 MPa
Brinell haurdness	1500 MPa
CAS Nummer	7439-98-7
History
Diskivery	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1778)
First isolation	Peter Jacob Hjelm (1781)
Main isotopes o molybdenum
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 92Mo 14.84% >1.9×1020 y (β+β+) 92Zr 93Mo syn 4×103 y ε 93Nb 94Mo 9.25% - (SF) 95Mo 15.92% - (SF) 96Mo 16.68% - (SF) 97Mo 9.55% - (SF) 98Mo 24.13% >1×1014 y β−β− 98Ru 99Mo syn 65.94 h β− 99mTc γ - 100Mo 9.63% 7.8×1018 y (β−β−) 100Ru
Decay modes in parentheses is predict, but hisna yet been observed

style="text-align:left"| data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	2623	—	—
K	2896	2896	0
F	4753	4753	0
WD	4752 !4752 Fahrenheit
input	C: 2623, K: 2896, F: 4753
comment

style="text-align:left"| data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	4639	—	—
K	4912	4912	0
F	8382	8382	0
WD	8717 !8717 Fahrenheit
input	C: 4639, K: 4912, F: 8382
comment

References

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