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Alumeenium, 13Al |
| Alumeenium |
|---|
| Pronunciation | |
|---|
| Appearance | sillery gray metallic |
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| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Al) | 7001269815384000000♠26.9815384(3)[1] |
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| Alumeenium in the periodic cairt |
|---|
|
|
| Atomic nummer (Z) | 13 |
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| Group | group 13 (boron group) |
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| Period | period 3 |
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| Block | p-block |
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| Element category | Post-transeetion metal |
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| Electron confeeguration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 3 |
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| Pheesical properties |
|---|
| Phase at STP | solit |
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| Meltin pynt | 933.47 K (660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F) |
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| Bylin pynt | 2792 K (2519 °C, 4566 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | 2.70 g/cm3 |
|---|
| when liquid (at m.p.) | 2.375 g/cm3 |
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| Heat o fusion | 10.71 kJ/mol |
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| Heat o vapourisation | 294.0 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Molar heat capacity | 24.200 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| at T (K)
|
1482
|
1632
|
1817
|
2054
|
2364
|
2790
|
|
| Atomic properties |
|---|
| Oxidation states | −2, −1, +1,[2] +2,[3] +3 (an amphoteric oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.61 |
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| Ionisation energies | |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 143 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 7002121000000000000♠121±4 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 184 pm |
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 Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o alumeenium |
| Ither properties |
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| Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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| Creestal structur | face-centred cubic (fcc) |
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| Speed o soond thin rod | (rowed) 5,000 m/s (at r.t.) |
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| Thermal expansion | 23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 237 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 28.2 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic orderin | paramagnetic[4] |
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| Young's modulus | 70 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 26 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 76 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.35 |
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| Mohs haurdness | 2.75 |
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| Vickers haurdness | 167 MPa |
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| Brinell haurdness | 245 MPa |
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| CAS Nummer | 7429-90-5 |
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| History |
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| Prediction | Antoine Lavoisier[5] (1787) |
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| First isolation | Friedrich Wöhler[5] (1827) |
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| Named by | Humphry Davy[5] (1807) |
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| Main isotopes o alumeenium |
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|
|
| | references |
| style="text-align:left"|
|
|
|
in
|
calc from C
|
diff
|
report
|
ref
|
| C
|
660.32
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
| K
|
933.47
|
933.47
|
0
|
|
|
| F
|
1220.58
|
1220.58
|
0
|
|
|
| WD
|
1220 !1220 Fahrenheit 660 Celsius 
|
|
|
[8][9]
|
| input
|
C: 660.32, K: 933.47, F: 1220.58
|
| comment
|
|
| style="text-align:left"|
|
|
|
in
|
calc from C
|
diff
|
report
|
ref
|
| C
|
2519
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
| K
|
2792
|
2792
|
0
|
|
|
| F
|
4566
|
4566
|
0
|
|
|
| WD
|
4221 !4221 Fahrenheit 2327 Celsius
|
|
|
[8][9]
|
| input
|
C: 2519, K: 2792, F: 4566
|
| comment
|
|
References
Thir references will appear in the airticle, but this list appears anerly on this page.
- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). "Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 (2): 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.
- ↑ D. C. Tyte (1964). "Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide". Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0.
- ↑
Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". [[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]] (PDF) (81st ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0849304814.
- ↑ a b c
"Aluminum". Los Alamos National Laboratory. Retrieved 3 Mairch 2013.
- ↑ Alumeenium monoxide
- ↑ Alumeenium iodide
- ↑ a b http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0022.html.
- ↑ a b "ALUMINUM POWDER"; date retrieved: 13 Juin 2019.
