Template:Infobox zirconium

Zirconium, ₄₀Zr

Zirconium
Pronunciation	/zɜːrˈkoʊniəm/ ​(zur-KOH-nee-əm)
Appearance	sillery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Zr)	7001912240000000000♠91.224(2)
Zirconium in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium Ti ↑ Zr ↓ Hf yttrium ← zirconium → niobium
Atomic nummer (Z)	40
Group	group 4
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Element category	Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration	[Kr] 4d2 5s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	solit
Meltin pynt	2128 K ​(1855 °C, ​3371 °F)
Bylin pynt	4682 K ​(4409 °C, ​7968 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	6.52 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	5.8 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	14 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	573 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.36 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2639 2891 3197 3575 4053 4678
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, +1, +2, +3, +4 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.33
Atomic radius	empirical: 160 pm
Covalent radius	175±7 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range Spectral lines o zirconium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	primordial
Creestal structur	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed o soond thin rod	3800 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	5.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	22.6 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	421 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	88 GPa
Shear modulus	33 GPa
Bulk modulus	91.1 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.34
Mohs haurdness	5.0
Vickers haurdness	903 MPa
Brinell haurdness	650 MPa
CAS Nummer	7440-67-7
History
Diskivery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolation	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1824)
Main isotopes o zirconium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 88Zr syn 83.4 d ε 88Y γ - 89Zr syn 78.4 h ε 89Y β+ 89Y γ - 90Zr 51.45% stable 91Zr 11.22% stable 92Zr 17.15% stable 93Zr trace 1.53×106 y β− 93Nb 94Zr 17.38% >1.1×1017 y (β−β−) 94Mo 96Zr 2.8% 2.0×1019 y β−β− 96Mo
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed

style="text-align:left"| data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1855	—	—
K	2128	2128	0
F	3371	3371	0
WD	3375 !3375 Fahrenheit
input	C: 1855, K: 2128, F: 3371
comment

style="text-align:left"| data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	4409	—	—
K	4682	4682	0
F	7968	7968	0
WD	6471 !6471 Fahrenheit
input	C: 4409, K: 4682, F: 7968
comment

References

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