Template:Infobox scandium

Scandium, ₂₁Sc

Scandium
Pronunciation	/ˈskændiəm/ ​(SKAN-dee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Sc)	7001449559080000000♠44.955908(5)
Scandium in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium - ↑ Sc ↓ Y calcium ← scandium → titanium
Atomic nummer (Z)	21
Group	group 3
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Element category	Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration	[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 9, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	solit
Meltin pynt	1814 K ​(1541 °C, ​2806 °F)
Bylin pynt	3109 K ​(2836 °C, ​5136 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	2.985 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	2.80 g/cm3
Heat o fusion	14.1 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	332.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.52 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1645 1804 (2006) (2266) (2613) (3101)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0, +1, +2, +3 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.36
Ionisation energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 162 pm
Covalent radius	170±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	211 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range Spectral lines o scandium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	primordial
Creestal structur	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 10.2 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity	15.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) calc. 562 n Ω·m
Magnetic orderin	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	74.4 GPa
Shear modulus	29.1 GPa
Bulk modulus	56.6 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.279
Brinell haurdness	750 MPa
CAS Nummer	7440-20-2
History
Prediction	Dmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Diskivery	Lars Fredrik Nilson (1879)
First isolation	Lars Fredrik Nilson (1879)
Main isotopes o scandium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 44m2Sc syn 58.61 h IT 44Sc γ 44Sc ε 44Ca 45Sc 100% stable 46Sc syn 83.79 d β− 46Ti γ - 47Sc syn 3.3492 d β− 47Ti γ - 48Sc syn 43.67 h β− 48Ti γ -

style="text-align:left"| data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1541	—	—
K	1814	1814	0
F	2806	2806	0
WD	1540.85 !1540.85 Celsius
input	C: 1541, K: 1814, F: 2806
comment

style="text-align:left"| data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	2836	—	—
K	3109	3109	0
F	5136	5137	-1
WD	2836.85 !2836.85 Celsius
input	C: 2836, K: 3109, F: 5136
comment

References

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