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Europium, 63Eu |
| Europium |
|---|
| Pronunciation | (yoor-OH-pee-əm) |
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| Appearance | sillrry white, wi a pale yellsr tint;[1] but rarely seen without oxide discoloration |
|---|
| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Eu) | 7002151964000000000♠151.964(1)[2] |
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| Europium in the periodic cairt |
|---|
|
|
| Atomic nummer (Z) | 63 |
|---|
| Group | group n/a |
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| Period | period 6 |
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| Block | f-block |
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| Element category | Lanthanide |
|---|
| Electron confeeguration | [Xe] 4f7 6s2 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 |
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| Pheesical properties |
|---|
| Phase at STP | solid |
|---|
| Meltin pynt | 1099 K (826 °C, 1519 °F) |
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| Bylin pynt | 1802 K (1529 °C, 2784 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | 5.264 g/cm3 |
|---|
| when liquid (at m.p.) | 5.13 g/cm3 |
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| Heat o fusion | 9.21 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Heat o vapourisation | 176 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Molar heat capacity | 27.66 J/(mol·K) |
|---|
Vapour pressur
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| at T (K)
|
863
|
957
|
1072
|
1234
|
1452
|
1796
|
|
| Atomic properties |
|---|
| Oxidation states | +1, +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide) |
|---|
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.2 |
|---|
| Ionisation energies | - 1st: 547.1 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1085 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 2404 kJ/mol
-
|
|---|
| Atomic radius | empirical: 180 pm |
|---|
| Covalent radius | 198±6 pm |
|---|
 Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o europium |
| Ither properties |
|---|
| Naitural occurrence | primordial |
|---|
| Creestal structur | bouk-centred cubic |
|---|
| Thermal expansion | poly: 35.0 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.) |
|---|
| Thermal conductivity | est. 13.9 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | poly: 0.900 µΩ·m (at r.t.) |
|---|
| Magnetic orderin | paramagnetic[3] |
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| Magnetic susceptibility | +34,000.0·10−6 cm3/mol[4] |
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| Young's modulus | 18.2 GPa |
|---|
| Shear modulus | 7.9 GPa |
|---|
| Bulk modulus | 8.3 GPa |
|---|
| Poisson ratio | 0.152 |
|---|
| Vickers haurdness | 165–200 MPa |
|---|
| CAS Nummer | 7440-53-1 |
|---|
| History |
|---|
| Namin | efter Europe |
|---|
| Diskivery an first isolation | Eugène-Anatole Demarçay (1896, 1901) |
|---|
| Main isotopes o europium |
|---|
|
|
| | references |
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in
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calc from C
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diff
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report
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ref
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| C
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826
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—
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—
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| K
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1099
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1099
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0
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| F
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1519
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1519
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0
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| WD
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String Module Error: Target string is empty ! 
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| input
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C: 826, K: 1099, F: 1519
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| comment
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in
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calc from C
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diff
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report
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ref
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| C
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1529
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—
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—
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|
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| K
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1802
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1802
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0
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| F
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2784
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2784
|
0
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| WD
|
String Module Error: Target string is empty !
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| input
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C: 1529, K: 1802, F: 2784
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| comment
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References
Thir references will appear in the airticle, but this list appears anerly on this page.
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth–Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 0080379419.
- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
