Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan; Türkmenistan (Turkmen)
	Banner Emblem
	Anthem: ; Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni; State Anthem o Independent, Neutral Turkmenistan;
	Location o Turkmenistan (reid)
Caipital; and largest city	Ashgabat; 37°58′N 58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E
Offeecial leids	Turkmen
Inter-ethnic; leids	Roushie
Ethnic groups (2003)	85% Turkmen; 5% Uzbek; 4% Roushie; 6% ithers;
Demonym(s)	Turkmen
Govrenment	Unitary dominant-pairty presidential republic unner an Authoritarian Regime
• Preses	Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
• Chairman o the Mejlis	Akja Nurberdiýewa
Legislatur	Mejlis
Formation
• Khanate o Khiva	1511
• Turkestan ASSR	30 Apryle 1918
• Turkmen SSR	13 Mey 1925
• Declared state sovereignty	22 August 1990
• Declared unthirldom frae the Soviet Union	27 October 1991
• Recognised	26 December 1991
• Current constitution	18 Mey 1992
Aurie
• Total	491,210 km2 (189,660 sq mi) (53rd)
• Water (%)	4.9
Population
• 2014 estimate	5,171,943 (117t)
• Density	10.5/km2 (27.2/sq mi) (221st)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$103.987 billion
• Per capita	$18,771
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Tot	$42.355 billion
• Per capita	$7,645
Gini (1998)	40.8; medium
HDI (2014)	0.688; medium · 109t
Currency	Turkmen new manat (TMT)
Time zone	UTC+5 (TMT)
Drivin side	richt
Cawin code	+993
ISO 3166 code	TM
Internet TLD	.tm

Coordinates: 40°N 60°E / 40°N 60°E / 40; 60

Turkmenistan (Turkmen:Türkmenistan), cried Turkmenia (Roushie:Туркмения) an aa, is ane o the Turkic states in Central Asie. Till 1991, it wis a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is bordered bi Afghanistan tae the sootheast, Iran tae the sooth an soothwast, Uzbekistan tae the east an northeast, Kazakhstan tae the north an northwast an the Caspian Sea tae the wast.

Admeenistrative diveesions

Turkmenistan is dividit intae five provinces or welayatlar (singular welayat) an ane caipital ceety destrict. The provinces are subdividit intae destricts (etraplar, sing. etrap), which mey be aither coonties or ceeties. Accordin tae the Constitution o Turkmenistan (Airticle 16 in the 2008 Constitution, Airticle 47 in the 1992 Constitution), some ceeties mey hae the status o welaýat (province) or etrap (destrict).

References

↑ https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkmenistan_2008.pdf
↑ "Turkmenistan". CIA World Factbook. Archived frae the original on 12 Juin 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
↑ Государственный комитет Туркменистана по статистике : Информация о Туркменистане : О Туркменистане Archived 7 Januar 2012 at the Wayback Machine : Туркменистан — одна из пяти стран Центральной Азии, вторая среди них по площади (491,21 тысяч км2), расположен в юго-западной части региона в зоне пустынь, севернее хребта Копетдаг Туркмено-Хорасанской горной системы, между Каспийским морем на западе и рекой Амударья на востоке.
↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 12 Mairch 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Turkmenistan". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 Juin 2016.
↑ "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.

[constituteproject.org-1] ttps://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkmenistan_2008.pdf

[cia-2] "Turkmenistan". CIA World Factbook. Archived frae the original on 12 Juin 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

[3] Государственный комитет Туркменистана по статистике : Информация о Туркменистане : О Туркменистане Archived 7 Januar 2012 at the Wayback Machine : Туркменистан — одна из пяти стран Центральной Азии, вторая среди них по площади (491,21 тысяч км2), расположен в юго-западной части региона в зоне пустынь, севернее хребта Копетдаг Туркмено-Хорасанской горной системы, между Каспийским морем на западе и рекой Амударья на востоке.

[unpop-4] Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 12 Mairch 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[imf2-5] "Turkmenistan". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 Juin 2016.

[HDI-6] "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.

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