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Haryana

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Haryana

हरियाणा
Location o Haryane in Indie
Location o Haryane in Indie
Map o Haryana
Map o Haryana
Coordinates (Chandigarh): 30°44′N 76°47′E / 30.73°N 76.78°E / 30.73; 76.78
Kintra Indie
ZoneNorthren
Established1 November 1966
CaipitalChandigarh
Lairgest ceetyFaridabad
Biggest destrictBhiwani
Destricts21
Govrenment
 • BodiHaryana Legislative Assembly
 • GovrenorJagannath Pahadia
 • Chief MeenisterBhupinder Singh Hooda (INC)
 • LegislaturUnicameral (90 seats)
 • Lok Sabha constituencies10
 • Rajya Sabha constituencies5
Area
 • State44212 km2 (17,070 sq mi)
Area rank20
 • Aurie unner forest1684 km2 (650 sq mi)
 • Net sown aurie3550 km2 (1,370 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • State25,353,081
 • Rank16
 • Density573/km2 (1,480/sq mi)
 • Density rank11
 • Urban
8,821,588
 • Rural
16,531,493
Demonym(s)Haryanvi
Leids
 • OffeecialHindi
 • RegionalHaryanvi
State seembols
 • BirdBlack Francolin
 • AnimalBlack Buck
 • FlouerLotus
 • TreePeepal
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 codeIN-HR
Vehicle registrationHR-xx
HDIIncrease 0.644 (medium)
HDI rank17th (2011)
Literacy76.64 %
Sex ratio877
Life expectancy66.2
GDPINR 3,093.26 billion (2011-12)
GDP per caipitaINR 109,227 (2011-12)
Growth rate8.1 %
Websitewww.haryana.gov.in

Haryana (Urdu: ہريانہ‎), /ˌhɑːriˈɑːnə/ is a state in Indie. Constitutit in 1966, it is ane o twa newly creatit states carvit oot o the greater Punjab province as a means of creatin a stranger naitional identity. It haes been a pairt o the Kuru region in North Indie.[1][2][3] The name Haryana is foond mentioned in the 12t century AD bi the Apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar (VS 1189-1230).[4] The river Yamuna defines its eastren border wi Uttarakhand an Uttar Pradesh. Haryana surroonds Delhi on three sides an aw, formin the northren, wastren an soothren borders o Delhi. Consequently, a lairge aurie o Haryana is included in the Naitional Caipital Region. The caipital o the state is Chandigarh which is admeenistered as a union territory an is the caipital o Punjab an aw.

References

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  1. Kautilya describes them as martial and most heroic, while Panini includes among them the Kauravyas, the ancient warrior community of Haryana. It would thus appear that the main force of Chandragupta's liberation army was recruited Punjab. As Haryana or the ancient Kuru janapada....., Page 33, "Haryana, ancient and medieval" by H. A. Phadke, Publisher Harman Pub. House, 1990, ISBN 81-85151-34-2, ISBN 978-81-85151-34-2
  2. Chapter Kuru Janapada (Pages 2, 3 & 7) of the book "Buddhist remains from Haryana", by Devendra Handa, Edition illustrated, Publisher Sundeep Prakashan, 2004 Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized 3 September 2008
    If the Buddhist texts are to be relied upon, it may be said that Buddhism reached Haryana through the Buddha himself. (Page 3)
    Dipavamsa refers to Buddha's visit to a city in the Kuru country where he received alms on the banks of the Anotatta lake which he crossed. The city may have been Kurukshetra..... (Page 3)
    We shall see subsequently that Agroha was an important Buddhist centre of Haryana.....Buddhaghosha's candid confession that even a single monastery could not be set up in the Kuru country during the lifetime of Tathagata who was obliged to stay in the hermitage of a Brahmana.... (Page 7)
  3. The ancient Kuru janapada is said to have comprised Kurukshetra, Thanesar, Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat....., Page 115, "Buddhist sites and shrines in India: history, art and architecture", Volume 231 of Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica by D. C. Ahir, Publisher Sri Satguru Publications, 2003, ISBN 81-7030-774-0, ISBN 978-81-7030-774-7
  4. An Early Attestation of the Toponym Ḍhillī, by Richard J. Cohen, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1989, p. 513-519
    हरियाणए देसे असंखगाम, गामियण जणि अणवरथ काम|
    परचक्क विहट्टणु सिरिसंघट्टणु, जो सुरव इणा परिगणियं|
    रिउ रुहिरावट्टणु बिउलु पवट्टणु, ढिल्ली नामेण जि भणियं|
    Translation: There are countless villages in Haryana country. The villagers there work hard. They don't accept domination of others, and are experts in making the blood of their enemies flow. Indra himself praises this country. The capital of this country is Dhilli.