Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin
Иосиф Сталин (Roushie) იოსებ სტალინი (Georgie)
Stalin in 1937
General secretar o the Central Committee o the Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union
In office 3 Apryle 1922 – 16 October 1952
Precedit bi	Vyacheslav Molotov (as Responsible Secretar)
Succeedit bi	Nikita Khrushchev (office reestablished)
Chairman o the Cooncil o Meenisters
In office 6 Mey 1941 – 5 Mairch 1953
First Deputies	Nikolai Voznesensky Vyacheslav Molotov
Precedit bi	Vyacheslav Molotov
Succeedit bi	Georgy Malenkov
Fowkcommissar for Defence o the Soviet Union
In office 19 Julie 1941 – 25 Februar 1946
Premier	Hissel
Precedit bi	Semyon Timoshenko
Succeedit bi	Nikolai Bulganin after vacancy
Member o the Secretariat
In office 3 April 1922 – 5 March 1953
Full member o the Presidium
In office 25 Mairch 1919 – 5 Mairch 1953
Member of the Orgburo
In office 16 Januar 1919 – 5 Mairch 1953
Personal details
Born	18 December 1878(1878-12-18) Gori, Tiflis Govrenorate, Roushie Empire
Dee'd	5 Mairch 1953(1953-03-05) (aged 74) Kuntsevo Dacha, Kuntsevo, Roushie SFSR, Soviet Union
Restin place	Lenin's Mausoleum, Moscow, Roushie SFSR, Soviet Union (9 Mairch 1953 – 31 October 1961) Kremlin Waw Necropolis, Moscow, Roushie (frae 31 October 1961)
Naitionality	Georgie
Poleetical pairty	Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union
Spoose(s)	Ekaterina Svanidze (1906–1907) Nadezhda Alliluyeva (1919–1932)
Bairns	Yakov Dzhugashvili, Vasily Dzhugashvili, Svetlana Alliluyeva
Religion	Nane (atheist), umwhile Georgie Orthodox
Awairds
Signatur
Militar service
Eikname(s)	Koba
Allegiance	Soviet Union
Service/brainch	Soviet Airmit Forces
Years o service	1943–1953
Rank	Mairshal o the Soviet Union (1943–1945) Generalissimus o the Soviet Union (1945–1953)
Commands	Aw (supreme commander)
Battles/wars	Warld War II

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1879 – 5 Mairch 1953) wis a Soviet politeecian an heid o state who servit as the first General Secretar o the Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union's Central Committee frae 1922 till his daith in 1953. Efter the daith o Vladimir Lenin in 1924, Stalin rase tae acome the leader o the Soviet Union, which he ruled as a dictator.

Stalin launcht a command economy, replacin the New Economic Policy o the 1920s wi Five-Year Plans an launchin a period o rapid industrialization an economic collectivization. The upheaval in the agricultural sector disruptit fuid production, resultin in widespread faimin, includin the catastrophic Soviet faimin o 1932–1933 (kent in Ukraine as the Holodomor).

Durin the late 1930s, Stalin launcht the Great Purge (cried the "Great Terror" an aa), a campaign tae purge the Communist Pairty o fowk accuised o sabotage, terrorism, or treachery; he extendit it tae the military an ither sectors o Soviet society. In practice, the purges wur indiscriminate. Targets wur aften executit, impreesoned in Gulag labor camps or exiled. In the years which follaed, millions o members o ethnic minorities wur deportit an aw.

In 1939 Stalin entered intae a non-aggression pact wi Nazi Germany, follaed bi the Soviet invasion o Poland, Finland, the Baltics, Bessarabie an northren Bukovinae. Efter Germany violatit the pact in 1941, the Soviet Union jynt the Allies tae play an important role in the Axis defeat, at the cost o the lairgest daith toll for ony kintra in the war (maistly due tae the mass daiths o civilians in territories occupeed bi Germany). Efter the war, Stalin instawed subservient communist govrenments in maist kintras in Eastren Europe, formin the Eastren bloc, ahint wha wis referred tae as an "Airn Curtain" o Soviet rule durin the Cauld War.

Stalin fostered a cult o personality aroond hissel, but efter his daith, his successor, Nikita Khrushchev, denoonced his legacy an drove the process o de-Stalinization o the Soviet Union.