San Luis Potosí

San Luis Potosí Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí
State
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State o San Luis Potosí athin Mexico
Coordinates: 22°36′12″N 100°25′47″W
Kintra	Mexico
Caipital	San Luis Potosí
Maist Muckle Ceity	San Luis Potosí
Municipalities	58
Admission	December 22, 1823
Order	6t
Govrenment
• Govrenor	Fernando Toranzo
• Senators	José Alejandro Zapata Eugenio Govea Arcos Carlos Jiménez Macías
• Deputies	Federal Deputies • Sabino Bautista • Delia Guerrero • Enrique Rosas • Juan Pablo Escobar • Sergio Gama Dufour • Sonia Mendoza Díaz • César Pedroza Gaitán • Wendy Rodríguez Galarza • Javier Salazar Sáenz • Enrique Trejo Azuara • Domingo Rodríguez
Area
• Total	60983 km2 (23,546 sq mi)
	Ranked 15t
Highest elevation	3180 m (10,430 ft)
Population  (2010)
• Total	2,585,518
• Rank	19t
• Density	42/km2 (110/sq mi)
• Density rank	20t
Demonym(s)	Potosino (a)
Time zone	UTC−6 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Postal code	78-79
Aurie code	Aurie codes 1 an 2 • 444 • 458 • 481 • 482 • 483 • 485 • 486 • 487 • 488 • 489 • 496 • 845
ISO 3166 code	MX-SLP
HDI	0.816 high Ranked 21st
GDP	US$ 12,231,400.859 th
Website	Official Website
^ a. The state's GDP wis $156,561,931 thoosan o pesos in 2008, amount correspondin ae $12,231,400.859 thoosan o dollars, being a dollar worth 12.80 pesos (value o 3 Juin 2010).

San Luis Potosí (Spaingie pronunciation: [ˈsan ˈlwis potoˈsi]) offeecially Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí (Scots: Free an Sovereign State o San Luis Potosí) is ane o the 31 states which, wi the Federal Destrict, comprise the 32 Federal Entities o Mexico. It is dividit in 58 municipalities an its caipital ceity is San Luis Potosí.

It is locatit in North-Central Mexico. It is bordered bi the states o Coahuila tae the north, Nuevo León tae the northeast, Tamaulipas an Veracruz tae the east, Hidalgo, Querétaro, an Guanajuato tae the sooth, Zacatecas tae the northwast, an Jalisco tae the wast.

In addition tae the caipital ceity, the state's maist muckle ceities include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, an Rioverde.

Etymology

The state an its caipital are baith namit efter Louis IX o Fraunce (kent in Mexico as San Luis Rey de Francia an aw, Saint Louis, Keeng o Fraunce), its patron saunt. The Potosí wis addit in reference tae the fabulously rich mines o Potosí, Bolivie, Believit tae hae enough gowd tae big a brig atween Bolivie an Spain, thereefter up on developin o Cerro de San Pedro near the caipital ceity, thay foond sic gowd wealth that thay compared it tae that o Potosi an namit it efter. comparin the walth o thir mines tae that o the local mines at Cerro de San Pedro.

Geography

The state lees maistly on the Mexican Plateau, wi the exception o the sootheastren corner o the state, whaur the tableland breaks doun intae the tropical valley o the Panuco River. The surface o the plateau is comparatively level, wi some law muntainous firthit ridges. The Sierra Madre Oriental runs north an sooth throu the state, an separates the Mexican Plateau frae the Gulf Coastal Plain tae the east. The Sierra Madre Oriental is hame tae the Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests. The Panuco River oreeginates on the Plateau, an flows eastward throu a gap in the Sierra Madre tae drain intae the Gulf o Mexico. The eastmaist portion o the state lees on the Gulf Coastal Plain, an covered bi the Veracruz moist forests. Its shape resembles a Scottis Terrier.

The Panuco an its tributaries drain the soothren an sootheastren portion o the state. The northren an central portion o the state, includin the caipital, lee on an interior drainage basin which daes no drain tae the sea.

The mean elevation is aboot 6,000 ft., ensurin a temperate climate. The state lees pairtly athin the arid zone o the north, while the soothren hauf receivin a mair leeberal rainfaw throu the influence o the Nortes, which deliver significant amoonts o rain. The rainfaw, housomeivver, is uncertain at the wastren an northren regions, an hintle o the state is poorly providit wi rivers. The soil is fertile an in favorable saisons lairge crops o wheat, maize, beans an cotton are grown on the uplands. In the law tropical valleys, succar, coffee, tobacco, peppers an fruit are staple products. Stockraisin is an important industry an hides, tallow an oo are exportit. Fine cabinet an construction firths are exportit tae a leemitit extent an aw. Potosi (in Bolivie) wis ´believit´ tae hae enough gowd tae big a brig atween Potosi an Spain, up on the fyndin o gowden mines in San Luis Potosi, it wis then compared tae Potosi province in Bolivie an therefore namit efter it.

At ane time San Luis Potosí ranked amang the leadin minin provinces o Mexico, but the revolts follaein unthirldom resultit in a great decline in that industry. The aurie aroond Real de Catorce haes some o the richest siller mines in the kintra. Ither well-kent siller minin destricts are Peñón Blanco, Ramos an Guadalcázar. The development o Guadalcazar dates frae 1620 an its ores yield gowd, copper, zinc an bismuth, as well as siller. In the Ramos destrict, the Cocinera lode wis said tae hae a tot yield o ower $60,000,000 in the first decade o the 20t century.

Environmental Issues

Minin

Currently ane o the muntains, Wirikuta, athin the state's declared Naitional Sacred Steid is bein purchased for siller minin bi a Canadian company, “First Majestic Silver Corp”. The muntain is an important steid for the Huichol ceremonial migration, Peyote hunt, an deer dance. On 27 October 2000 UNESCO claimit this steid as a protectit aurie for its importance as a cultural route an endemic flora an fauna species. Later on 9 Juin 2001 it wis declared as a Naitional Sacred Steid unner the State o San Luis Potosi's Natural Protection act. Canadae's First Majestic Silver Corp still decidit tae purchase mineral richts on 13 November 2009 wi 80% o thair interest athin the protectit land. The companies current methods includes open pit minin an lixivation throu cyanide, uisin twa kilograms o NaCN per tonne o ore. While open pit minin itsel remuives entire habitats an landscapes, the addition o sodium cyanide, NaCN, is a lethal method requirin anerlie 0.2 grams tae kill a person. In Aprile 2010 the company opened a new cyanidation plant in Coahila, Mexico an aw, whaur it haes stairtit producin 3500 tons o cyanide a day tae help them expand thair minin efforts. Currently the Huicholes are tryin tae fynd ootside groups tae help them in the conservation o thair land an cultur bi protectin this moontain.

Municipalities

Main airticle: Municipalities o San Luis Potosí

The State o San Luis Potosí is dividit intae 58 municipalities (Spaingie: municipios), each heidit bi a municipal preses (mayor).

Major communities

• San Luis Potosí
• Soledad de Graciano Sanchez
• Ciudad Valles
• Rioverde
• Matehuala
• Tamazunchale
• Villa De Pozos

Govrenors

Main airticle: Govrenor o San Luis Potosí

The current govrenor is Fernando Toranzo (2009–2015) o the PRI pairty (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)

Economy

Tradeetionally, the Real de Minas potosino haes driven the industrial ingines in the state o San Luis Potosí, an as sic, nouadays basic metallurgy still haes the maist muckle contreibution athin the Gross Domestic Product o the entity. The main products extractit athort local mines are zinc, copper, lead, gowd, siller, mercury, manganese, an arsenic. Ither industries follaein the minin lead are in the sectors o chemicals, fuids, beverages, tobacco, an textiles.

The services sector, kent as tertiary an aw, is seicont regardin contreibution tae the state's income wi a 21%, follaed bi commerce, hotels an restaurants wi 18%. Thir combined activities employ 51% o the economically active population or EAP.

Agricultur is a traditional activity, still practicit in the Huasteca region. Currently, even if it contributes vera little tae the state GDP, it nivertheless employs as hintle as 20% o the EAP o the entity. The main agricultural products grown on Potosí soil are maize, beans, baurley, succar cane, oranges, coffee, sour lemon, prickly peir, an mango. Livestock activities are focused on raisin sheep, cattle, an pigs.

General Motors nou haes a plant unner construction, San Luis Potosí Assembly, tae employ up tae 1800 an assembly up tae 160,000 vehicles per year.

Cummins Inc. haes haed a manufacturin presence in San Luis Potosí syne 1980 an employs nearly 2000 fowk thare.

Demographics

The state o San Luis Potosí reports a population o a little mair nor 2,400,000 indwallers, accordin tae the latest census which teuk place in the year 2005. Population growthe rate for the period 2000-2005 wis in fact less nor 1%.

The state is inhabitit bi 60% residents unner 30 year o age, an reports a life expectancy rate seemilar tae the naitional average, that is, 72 year for men, an 77 year o age for weemen.

Regarding cultural an ethnic diversity, as hintle as 11% o the state population is indigenous, an the maist representative leid is that o the Nahuatl, follaed bi the Huasteco. The native fowks o the state are amang the tawest in Mexico an include the Huastecs an Pame fowk. Due tae its severe levels o isolation, the state is ane o the nine entities in Mexico which report the heichest rates o migration intae the Unitit States.

Education

The average schuilin rate for those ower 15 year o age lees at 7.7 year o eddication, considerably lawer than the 8.1% foond naitionally, while illiteracy rates reach a heich 9.2%, in addition tae the facts that 28% o the same portion o those aulder than 15 never finished primary schuil, an that 4% o childer unner 14 year dae no attend schuil.

Institutions o heicher eddication include:

• Autonomous University o San Luis Potosí (UASLP)

Transportation

Ponciano Arriaga International Airport serves the ceity.

Notable natives an residents

Airts an sciences

• Julian Carrillo Trujillo - discovered the Thirteenth Sound, born in Ahualulco, San Luis Potosí.
• Francisco González Bocanegra - author o the Mexican Naitional Anthem
• Manuel Jose Othón - poet
• Jorge Carrillo M.D.FACC, Preses o College o Cardiologists in San Luis Potosí.

Journalists

• Julio Hernández López - columnist o La Jornada

Politics

• http://www.infoans.org/1.asp?Lingua=1&sez=1&sotsez=13&doc=7201
• Ponciano Arriaga
• Miguel Barragán - Preses o Mexico
• Carlos Jonguitud Barrios
• Gonzalo Martínez Corbala - ambassador tae Chile durin the Coup
• Luis Ernesto Derbez
• Alfonso Lastras Ramirez
• Salvador Nava Martínez
• Francisco Xavier Salazar Saenz
• Antonio Rocha Cordero
• Gonzalo N. Santos
• Teofilo Torres Corzo

Sports

• Jorge Goeters, NASCAR driver
• Nery Castillo, professional fitbaa player. He wis born in San Luis Potosí an muivit oot when he wis 3 month auld)
• Mil Máscaras (Thoosan Masks), professional wrestler
• Dos Caras, Jr., professional wrestler

References

• Ricketts, Taylor H., Eric Dinerstein, David M. Olson, Colby J. Loucks, et al. (1999). Terrestrial Ecoregions of North America: a Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington, D.C..

 This airticle incorporates text frae a publication nou in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "^{article name needed}". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

Freemit airtins

• (in Spaingie) San Luis Potosí state govrenment Archived 2019-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
• Events an entertainment in San Luis Potosí
• Kirk o San Luis Potosí Archived 2010-05-18 at the Wayback Machine
• Tourism in San Luis Potosí
• Admeenistration o Juistice