Krasnoselsky Destrict, Moscow

For ither uises, see Krasnoselsky Destrict.

Krasnoselsky Destrict on the cairt o Moscow

Krasnoselsky Destrict (Roushie: Красносе́льский райо́н is a destrict o Central Admeenistrative Okrug o Moscow, Roushie. Population: 47,501 (2010 Census preliminary results); 45,229 (2002 Census).

Maist o the destrict's territory is occupee'd bi railweys, rail yards, an the three rail terminals aroond Komsomolskaya Square. It contains a narrae sector o central Moscow an aw, extendin north-east frae Lubyanka Square athin the boondaries o Myasnitskaya Square an Bolshaya Lubyanka Street. Housomever, the famous KGB-FSB Lubyanka biggin technically belangs tae Meshchansky Destrict.

The boondary atween Krasnoselsky an soothboond Basmanny Destrict passes throu Red Gates Square an Novaya Basmannaya Street, thus Krasnoselsky Destrict contains the northren edge o historical Basmannaya Sloboda, includin the kitk o Saunt Peter an Paul, biggit in 1705–1723 tae a draft bi Peter the Great.

Black Angel o Glory on the coat o airms commemorates the loss o Reid Gates in 1927; white Y denotit three railweys that converge in Komsomoskaya Square.

History

Kirk o Sts. Peter an Paul, biggit tae a draft bi Tsar Peter the Great

Krasnoye Selo (Красное Село, lit. bonnie veelage), that gae it name tae the destrict an Krasnoselskaya Street, existit syne Middle Ages east o present-day Kazansky Rail Terminal. It wis separatit frae Moscow bi a swamp aroond extinct Olkhovets Creek; construction o dams on the creek creatit a lairge pond that occupee'd present-day steid o Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal an smawer ponds dounstream.

In the 17t century, Roushie militar set up a fortifee'd armoury wast o the pond, on steid o Leningradsky Rail Terminal, exceedin twinty hectares; it blew up durin the 1812 fire o Moscow an wis abandoned. Accoonts o a ryal palace placit north o the pond are, likely, no true, housomeivver, young tsar Peter I, who wis raised in nearbi Preobrazhenskoye, uised tae ride boats on the pond.

In 1851, the state completit the first mainline railwey frae St. Petersburg tae Moscow, an set up the extant terminal biggin, designed bi Konstantin Thon, wast o the pond. This remote steid wis chosen due tae heich costs o laund in the ceety an fear o accidental fire.

Mair railweys follaeed wi Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal (1862, rebuilt in the 1900s bi Fyodor Schechtel an expandit bi Lev Kekushev), Kazansky Rail Terminal (1864, rebuilt in the 1910s bi Alexey Shchusev an expandit efter Warld War II), an the line leadin tae Kursky Rail Terminal (1870s) wi its awn station on an owerpass. The pond wis filled anerlie in the 1900s, in line wi Schectel's project. New terminals wur inevitably encircled wi rail yards, wirkshops, warehooses an connectin lines, thus ower a hauf o Krasnoselsky Destrict is nou occupee'd bi railwey facilities.

In 1935, the first line o Moscow Metro reached Komsomolskaya Square; its service yard wis placit east o Yaroslavsky Terminal. At the same time Commissariat o Railroads teuk ower the launds atween the terminals an Garden Ring an set up an ambitious office construction program, stairtin wi Ivan Fomin's constructivist "Tank Ingine Biggin", which still hooses the heidquairters o Russian Railways. In 1947–1952, Railways acquired twae skyscrapers—a mixed residential an office touer in Reid Gates Square an Hotel Leningradskaya in Komsomoskaya Square.

In the 1980s, the blocks north-wast frae these twa touers wur torn doun an rebuilt wi Leonid Brezhnev-era heich-rise offices. Umwhile Domnikovskaya Street in this office compoond, widened tae 8–10 lanes, is nou namit efter Andrei Sakharov.

Economy

United Aircraft Corporation haes its heid office in the destrict.

Sources

• (in Roushie) П. В. Сытин, "Из истории московских улиц", М. 1948

Freemit airtins

• Offeecial wabsteid o Krasnoselsky Destrict Archived 2006-06-16 at the Wayback Machine (in Roushie)