Baotou

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Baotou


包头

Bugthot
包头市
Deer Monument in Baotou
Deer Monument in Baotou
Baotou (reid) in Inner Mongolie (orange)
Baotou (reid) in Inner Mongolie (orange)
Baotou is located in Inner Mongolia
Baotou
Baotou
Location o the ceety centre in Inner Mongolie
Coordinates: 40°39′N 109°50′E / 40.650°N 109.833°E / 40.650; 109.833
KintraFowkrepublic o Cheenae
RegionInner Mongolie
Coonty-level diveesions10
Area
 • Prefectur-level ceety27768 km2 (10,721 sq mi)
 • Urban
271 km2 (105 sq mi)
 • Metro
2969 km2 (1,146 sq mi)
Elevation
1065 m (3,494 ft)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Prefectur-level ceety2,650,364
 • Density95/km2 (250/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,720,099
 • Urban density6,300/km2 (16,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,977,785
 • Metro density670/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
 • Major naitionalities
Han Mongolian
Time zoneUTC+8 (Cheenae Staundart)
Postal code
014000
Area code(s)472
License plate prefixesB
Local DialectJin: Baotou dialect
Websitebaotou.gov.cn
Baotou
Chinese name
Semplifeed Cheenese包头
Tradeetional Cheenese包頭
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic[
Buɣutu] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help)

Baotou (Mongolie: Buɣutu, Mongolie Cyrillic: Бугат; Cheenese: 包头) is a mid-sized industrial ceety in the Inner Mongolie Autonomous Region o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Govrened as a prefectur-level ceety, its urban auries are home tae a population o approximately 1.78 million, wi a tot population o ower 2.65 million accoontin for coonties unner its jurisdiction. The ceety's Mongolie name means "place wi deer", an an alternate name is "Lucheng" (鹿城; Lùchéng), meanin "Deer Ceety".

Admeenistrative diveesions[eedit | eedit soorce]

Baotou is dividit intae 10 coonty-level diveesions, includin 7 destricts,1 coonty an 2 banners.

Cairt # Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Mongolie Population (2010 Census[1]) Aurie (km²) Density
(/km²)
1 Hondlon Destrict 昆都仑区 Kūndūlún Qū ᠬᠥᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 726,838 301 6,108
2 Donghe Destrict 东河区 Dōnghé Qū ᠲᠤᠢᠩ ᠡᡁᠸ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 512,045 423 6,024
3 Qingshan Destrict 青山区 Qīngshān Qū ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 481,216 280 7,182
4 Shiguai Destrict 石拐区 Shíguǎi Qū ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 35,805 761 57.8
5 Bayan Obo Minin Destrict 白云鄂博矿区 Báiyún Èbó Kuàngqū ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᠤᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠠᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 26,050 303 86
6 Jiuyuan Destrict 九原区 Jiǔyuán Qū ᠶᠢᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 195,831 734 110.3
7 Binhe New Destrict 滨河新区 Bīnhé Xīn Qū ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᡁᠸ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ 119,066 88 1353
8 Guyang Coonty 固阳县 Gùyáng Xiàn ᠬᠥᠶᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠠ 175,574 5,021 35
9 Tumed Richt Banner 土默特右旗 Tǔmòtè Yòu Qí ᠲᠤᠢᠮᠤᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ 276,453 2,368 116.7
10 Darhan Muminggan Unitit Banner 达尔罕茂明安
联合旗
Dá'ěrhǎn Màomíng'ān
Liánhé Qí
ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠠᠠᠠ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠬᠡᠭᠠᠠ ᠬᠤᠮᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ 101,486 17,410 5.8

History[eedit | eedit soorce]

The aurie nou kent as Baotou wis inhabitit syne auncient times bi nomads, maist notably the Mongols. Near the end o the Han Dynasty, Lü Bu, a particularly noteworthy warrior, wis born here. Compared tae the caipital, Hohhot, Baotou's construction as a ceety came relatively late, bein incorporatit as a toun in 1809. The ceety's steid wis chosen acause it wis in an arable region o the Yellae River's Great Bend.

A railway frae Beijing wis constructit in 1931, an the ceety began spurrin some industrial steids. A German-Cheenese jynt-venture in 1934 constructit the Baotou Airport an opened a weekly route connectin Baotou wi Ningxia an Lanzhou.

When young Owen Lattimore visitit Baotou in 1925, it wis still "a little husk o a toun in a great hollow shell o mud ramparts, whaur twa busy streets made a traders' quarter", but already an important railhead. Qinghai an Gansu wuil an hides wur brocht doun the Huanghe bi raft an boat frae Lanzhou tae Baotou, an shipped frae Baotou bi rail tae the east (in particular, tae Tianjin for export). The river traffic wis ane-way anly, however, as the fast current made sailin up the Huanghe impractical. Tae travel frae Baotou back tae Lanzhou or Yinchuan, ane would uise a cart an camel road. Thare wur an aa caravan roads frae Baotou tae Ordos an the Alxa League.[2]

On September 19, 1949, efter the September 19 Rebellion, Baotou fell unner Communist control. The Fowk's Govrenment wis fairmed in Februar 1950. In the early Communist years Baotou served as an industrial centre, wi a signeeficant portion o its economy comin frae its steel production, an it continues this reputation till this day.

Geografie an climate[eedit | eedit soorce]

Baotou is locatit in the wast o Inner Mongolie, locatit at the junction o twa economic zones: the Bohai Economic Rim an the Upper Yellae River Naitural Resoorces Enrichment Zone (黄河上游资源富集区). Its admeenistrative aurie borders Mongolie tae the north, while the Yellae River, which flows for 214 kilometre (133 mi) in the prefectur,[3] is sooth o the urban aurie itself. The Tumochuan Plateau (土默川平原), Hetao Plateau, an Yin Muntains cross the urban aurie an central pairt o the prefectur. Baotou Ceety ranges in latitude frae 41° 20' tae 42° 40' N an in longitude frae 109° 50' tae 111° 25' E.

Baotou featurs a cauld semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked bi lang, cauld an very dry winters, het, somewhat humid simmers, an strang winds, especially in ware. Temperaturs eften fall alaw −15 °C (5 °F) in winter an rise abuin 30 °C (86 °F) in simmer. The annual precipitation is approximately 300 millimetre (11.8 in), wi mair nor hauf o it fawin in Julie an August alane. Due tae the aridity an elevation, temperatur differences atween day an nicht can be lairge, especially in ware. In 2002, thare wur 12 instances o dust stairms.[3]


Climate data for Baotou (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average heich °C (°F) −4.1
(24.6)
0.4
(32.7)
7.6
(45.7)
16.9
(62.4)
23.9
(75.0)
28.2
(82.8)
29.6
(85.3)
27.1
(80.8)
22.1
(71.8)
14.8
(58.6)
5.2
(41.4)
−2.3
(27.9)
14.1
(57.4)
Average law °C (°F) −16.8
(1.8)
−12.7
(9.1)
−5.6
(21.9)
2.0
(35.6)
8.7
(47.7)
13.6
(56.5)
17.1
(62.8)
15.3
(59.5)
8.7
(47.7)
1.3
(34.3)
−7.2
(19.0)
−14.3
(6.3)
0.8
(33.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.1
(0.08)
3.8
(0.15)
8.3
(0.33)
8.1
(0.32)
17.3
(0.68)
28.0
(1.10)
81.3
(3.20)
87.7
(3.45)
38.7
(1.52)
17.1
(0.67)
3.8
(0.15)
1.4
(0.06)
297.6
(11.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.4 2.2 2.9 3.0 4.7 7.0 10.5 10.7 6.9 3.8 1.7 1.5 56.3
Source: Wather Cheenae

Economy[eedit | eedit soorce]

Industrial zones:

  • Baotou Xingsheng Economic & Technological Development Zone

The mines in Bayan Obo are the greatest soorce o rare yird metals globally. In 2005, thay accoontit for 45% o the tot production on yird.[4]

Demographics[eedit | eedit soorce]

Ethnic groups in Baotou, 2000 census.

Ethnicity Population Percentage
Han Cheenese 2.122.737 94.16%
Mongol 67.209 2.98%
Hui Cheenese 36.234 1.61%
Manchu 22.826 1.01%
Korean 848 0.04%

Transportation[eedit | eedit soorce]

References[eedit | eedit soorce]

  1. http://www.geohive.com/cntry/cn-15.aspx
  2. Owen Lattimore, The Desert to Turkestan, 1928. Pages 7-8.
  3. a b "地理气候" (in Cheenese). Baotou People's Government. Archived frae the original on 1 Mey 2013. Retrieved 22 Mey 2011.
  4. Chengyu Wu (2007). "Bayan Obo Controversy: Carbonatites versus Iron Oxide-Cu-Au-(REE-U)". Resource Geology. 58 (4): 348. doi:10.1111/j.1751-3928.2008.00069.x. Archived frae the original on 17 December 2012. Retrieved 19 Juin 2013. Archived 2012-12-17 at Archive.today

Freemit airtins[eedit | eedit soorce]