Jean-Paul Sartre

Jean-Paul Sartre
Sartre in 1967
Born	Jean-Paul-Charles-Aymard Sartre 21 Juin 1905(1905-06-21) Paris, Fraunce
Died	15 Apryle 1980(1980-04-15) (aged 74) Paris, Fraunce
Alma mater	École Normale Supérieure (BA/MA)
Era	20t-century filosofie
Region	Wastren filosofie
Schuil	Continental filosofie, Existentialism, Phenomenology, Existential phenomenology, Hermeneutics, Wastren Marxism (early), Anarchism (late)
Main interests	Metapheesics, epistemology, ethics, consciousness, sel-consciousness, leeteratur, poleetical filosofie, ontology
Notable ideas	Bad faith, "existence precedes essence," nothingness, "Hell is ither fowk," situation, "every poseetional consciousness o an object is a non-poseetional consciousness o itsel," Sartrean terminology
Influences Spinoza, Descartes, de Beauvoir, Dostoyevsky, Stendhal, Flaubert, Freud, Stekel, Hegel, Heidegger, Husserl, Bergson, Kierkegaard, Kojève, Marx, Merleau-Ponty, Nietzsche, Nizan, Levinas, Proust, Céline, Lefebvre, Rousseau
Influenced Aron, Camus, de Beauvoir, Fanon, Guevara, Laing, Merleau-Ponty, Deleuze, Badiou, Txillardegi
Signatur

Jean-Paul-Charles-Aymard Sartre (French: [saʁtʁ]; 21 Juin 1905 – 15 Apryle 1980) wis a French filosofer, playwricht, novelist, poleetical activist, biographer, an leeterar creetic. He wis ane o the key feegurs in the filosofie o exeestentialism an phenomenology, an ane o the leadin feegurs in 20t-century French filosofie and Marxism. His wark haes an aw influenced sociology, creetical theory, post-colonial theory, an leeterar studies, an conteenas tae influence thir disciplines.

Sartre wis an aw notit for his appen relationship wi prominent feminist an fellae exeestentialist filosofer an writer Simone de Beauvoir. Thegither, Sartre an de Beauvoir challenged the cultural an social assumptions an expectations o thair upbringins, that they conseedert bourgeois, in baith lifestyle an thocht. The conflict atween oppressive, speeritually destructive conformity (mauvaise foi, leeterally, "bad faith") an an "authentic" wey o "bein" becam the dominant theme o Sartre's early wark, a theme embodied in his principal filosofical wark Bein an Naethingness (L'Être et le Néant, 1943). Sartre's introduction tae his filosofie is his wark Existentialism Is a Humanism (L'existentialisme est un humanisme, 1946), oreeginally presentit as a lectur.

He wis awairdit the 1964 Nobel Prize in Leeteratur despite attemptin tae refuise it, sayin that he ayeweys declined offeecial honours an that "a writer shoud nae allou himsel tae be turned intae an institution".