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Yucatán

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For ither uises, see Yucatán (disambiguation).
Yucatán
State
Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán
Banner o Yucatán
Banner
Official seal of Yucatán
Seal
Eik-name(s): 

La Hermana República de Yucatán
(The sister republic of Yucatán)[1][2]
State o Yucatán athin Mexico
State o Yucatán athin Mexico
Coordinates: 20°50′0″N 89°0′0″W / 20.83333°N 89.00000°W / 20.83333; -89.00000
KintraMexico
CaipitalMérida
Municipalities106
Admission23 December 1823[3][4]
Order8t[a]
Govrenment
 • GovrenorIvonne Ortega Pacheco PRI
 • Senators[5]Beatriz Zavala Peniche PAN
Alfredo Rodríguez PAN
Cleominio Zoreda PRI
 • Deputies[6]
Area
 • Total39612 km2 (15,294 sq mi)
 Rankit 20t
Highest elevation210 m (690 ft)
Population
 (2010)[9]
 • Total1,955,577
 • Rank21st
 • Density49/km2 (130/sq mi)
 • Density rank17t
Demonym(s)Yucateco (a)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Postal code
97
Aurie code
ISO 3166 codeMX-YUC
HDIIncrease 0.821 high Rankit 20t
GDPUS$ 9,191,180.625 th[b]
WebsiteOffeecial Wab Steid
^ a. Joined tae the federation unner the name o Federatit Republic o Yucatán, includit the modren states o Yucatán, Campeche an Quintana Roo.
^ b. The state's GDP wis 117,647,112 thoosan o pesos in 2008,[9] amoont correspondin tae 9,191,180.625 thoosan o dollars, being a dollar wirth 12.80 pesos (value o 3 Juin 2010).[10]

Yucatán (Spaingie pronunciation: [ʝukaˈtan]), offeecially the Free an Sovereign State o Yucatán (Spaingie: Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán), is ane o the 31 states which, wi the Federal Destrict, comprise the 32 Federal Entities o Mexico. It is dividit in 106 municipalities, an its caipital ceety is Mérida.

It is locatit in Sootheastren Mexico, on the north pairt o the Yucatán Peninsulae. It is bordered bi the states o Campeche tae the soothwast, Quintana Roo tae the northeast an the Guwf o Mexico lees aff its north coast.

Afore the arrival o Spaniards tae the Yucatán Peninsulae, the name o this region wis el Mayab.[11] In Mayan leid, "ma' ya'ab" is translatit as "a few". It wis a vera important region for the Mayan ceevilization, which reached the peak o its development on this place, where they foondit the ceeties o Chichen Itza, Izamal, Motul, Mayapan, Ek' Balam an Ichcaanzihóo (cried T'Hó), now Mérida.[12]

Efter the Spanish conquest, Yucatán Peninsulae wis a single admeenistrative an poleetical entity, the Caiptaincy General o Yucatán. Follaein unthirldom an the breakup o the Mexican Empire in 1823, the first Republic o Yucatán wis proclaimit which then wis voluntarily annexed tae the Federal Republic o Unitit Mexican States on 21 December 1823.[3] Later on 16 Mairch 1841, as result o cultural an poleetical conflicts aroond the federal pact, Yucatán declared unthirldom frae Mexico tae form a seicont Republic o Yucatán, but eventually on 14 Julie 1848, Yucatán wis definitely rejoined tae Mexico. In 1858, in the middle o the caste war, the state o Yucatan wis dividit for the first time, establishin Campeche as separate state (offeecially in 1863). Durin the Porfiriato, in 1902, the state o Yucatan wis dividit again tae form the Federal territory that later became the present state o Quintana Roo.[13]

The day, Yucatán is the safest state in Mexico[14][15] an Mérida wis awairdit Ceety o Peace in 2011.[16][17]

Toponymy

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The name Yucatán, assigned tae the peninsulae an aw, came frae early splorations o the Conquistadors frae Europe. There are reliable versions that the name wis result frae confusion atween the Mayan inhabitants an the first Spainyie splorers aroond 1517:

  • Accordin tae ane o them, wis the answer o a Mayan indigenous tae the question o a Spainyie splorer, syne he wantit tae ken the name o the region. The Mayan probably replied Ma'anaatik ka t'ann which means Maya leid A dae no unnerstaund your speech or I dae no unnerstaund you.
  • It is said that the Spaniards gave the name o Yucatán tae the region an aw, acause the Mayan answered their questions wi the phrase uh yu ka t'ann, in Mayan leid means hear hou they talk.

Probably the first narrator's o "A dae no unnerstaund" version wis the friar Toribio de Benavente, in his beuk Historia de los indios de la Nueva España (History o the Indians o New Spain) says:

“ "acause talkin wi those Indians o the coast, whaiver the Spainyie asked the Indians respondit: «Tectetán, Tectetán», which means: «A daena unnerstaund you, A daena unnerstaund you»: ...they corruptit the wird, an no unnerstaundin wha the Indians said, they said: «Yucatán is the name o this land»; an the same happened in a place..., a cape, which they cried cape Cotoch an aw; an Cotoch in that leid means hoose".[18] ”

Anither version is frae Bernal Díaz del Castillo. In his beuk Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España (True History o the Conquest o New Spain), he says Yucatá means "land o yucas",[19] a plant that wis cultivatit bi the Maya an wis an important fuid source for them.[20]

References

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  1. ↑ "La bandera de Yucatán". Diario de Yucatán. Archived frae the original on 7 Januar 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
  2. ↑ "La historia de la República de Yucatán". Portal Electronico de Dzidzantun Yucatán. Archived frae the original on 7 Januar 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
  3. ↑ a b "Las Diputaciones Provinciales" (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 15.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  4. ↑ Nettie Lee Benson; Colegio de México. Centro de Estudios Históricos; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (1994). La diputación provincial y el federalismo mexicano. UNAM. pp. 227–. ISBN 978-968-12-0586-7. Retrieved 20 Februar 2011.
  5. ↑ "Senadores por Yucatán LXI Legislatura". Senado de la Republica. Retrieved 9 Apryle 2011.
  6. ↑ "Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Yucatán". Camara de Diputados. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
  7. ↑ "Resumen". Cuentame INEGI. Archived frae the original on 19 Apryle 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  8. ↑ "Relieve". Cuentame INEGI. Archived frae the original on 23 Julie 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  9. ↑ a b "Mexico en Cifras". INEGI. Retrieved 9 Apryle 2011.
  10. ↑ "Reporte: Jueves 3 de Junio del 2010. Cierre del peso mexicano". pesomexicano.com.mx. Archived frae the original on 8 Juin 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2010.
  11. ↑ de San Buenaventura, Joseph (1994). Historias de la conquista del Mayab, 1511–1697. p. 183. ISBN 968-6843-59-0.
  12. ↑ (Molina Solís 1896, p. 33)
  13. ↑ Casares G. Cantón, Raúl; Duch Colell, Juan; Zavala Vallado, Slvio et ál (1998). Yucatán en el tiempo. Mérida, Yucatán. ISBN 970-9071-04-1.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors leet (link)
  14. ↑ "Yucatán, el Estado más seguro del país". Punto Medio. Archived frae the original on 16 August 2010. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2010.
  15. ↑ "Confirman a Yucatán como estado más seguro". Grupo Sipse. Archived frae the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2010.
  16. ↑ "Declararán a Mérida ciudad de la paz". Vanguardia. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2010.
  17. ↑ "Aprovecha Mérida nombramiento de 'Ciudad de la Paz' para atraer inversiones". Diario de Yucatán. Archived frae the original on 18 Januar 2012. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2010.
  18. ↑ (de Motolonía 1985, p. 332)
  19. ↑ (Díaz del Castillo 2005, p. 22)
  20. ↑ "¿Cómo se alimentaban los mayas?". Retrieved May 4,, 2010. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

Freemit airtins

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