Uiser:Vampibyte/Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (film)

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Perfume: The Story of a Murderer
The film's poster is dominated by the dark silhouette of a naked woman standing against a brightly lit black background with her back facing towards the camera. The top left quarter of her back, from her lower back to her left shoulder, has been digitally altered to deteriorate gradually into a bevy of bright red rose petals.
US theatrical release poster
Directit biTom Tykwer
Produced biBernd Eichinger
Screenplay bi
Based onPerfume
bi Patrick Süskind
Starnin
Narratit biJohn Hurt
Muisic bi
CinematographyFrank Griebe
Eeditit biAlexander Berner
Production
company
  • Castelao Productions
  • Neff Productions
  • VIP Medienfunds 4
Distributit biDreamWorks Pictures
Constantin Film (Germany)
Metropolitan Filmexport (France)
Release date
  • 14 September 2006 (2006-09-14) (Germany)
  • 4 October 2006 (2006-10-04) (France)
  • 24 November 2006 (2006-11-24) (Spain)
Rinnin time
147 minutes[1]
Kintra
  • Germany
  • France
  • Spain
  • United Kingdom
LeidInglis
Budget$60 million[2]
Box office$135 million[3]

Perfume: The Story of a Murderer is a 2006 German period psychological crime thriller film directed bi Tom Tykwer an starring Ben Whishaw, Alan Rickman, Rachel Hurd-Wood, an Dustin Hoffman. Tykwer, wi Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil, aw an composed the music. The screenplay by Tykwer, Andrew Birkin, and Bernd Eichinger is based on Patrick Süskind's 1985 novel Perfume. Set in 18th century France, the film tells the story o Jean-Baptiste Grenouille (Whishaw), an olfactory genius, an his homicidal quest for the perfect scent.

Producer Eichinger bought the film rights tae Süskind's novelle in 2000 an began writing the screenplay together wi Birkin. Tykwer waes selected as the director an jyned the twa in developing the screenplay in 2003. Principal photography began on July 12, 2005 an concluded on October 16, 2005; filming took place in Spain, Germany, an France. The film wis made on a budget of €50 million (est. $60 million), makkin it ane o the maist expensive German films.

Perfume wis released on September 14, 2006 in Germany, December 26, 2006 in the United Kingdom, an December 27, 2006 in the United States. It grossed over $135 million worldwide, o whit o'er $53 million wis makkit in Germany. Critics' reviews o the film were mixed; the consensus wis that the film haed strong cinematography an actin but suffered from an uneven screenplay.

Plot[eedit | eedit soorce]

The film begins wi the sentencing of Jean-Baptiste Grenouille (Ben Whishaw), a notorious murderer. Between the reading o the sentence an the execution, the story o his life is told in flashback, beginning wi his abandonment at birth in a French fish market. Raised in an orphanage, Grenouille grows intae a strangely detached boy wi a superhuman sense o smell. Efter growin tae maturity as a tanner's apprentice, he maks his first delivery tae Paris, whaur he revels in the new odors. He focuses on a redheaded girl (Karoline Herfurth) sellin yellow plums, followin her an repeatedly attemptin tae sniff her, but startles her wi his haviour. Tae prevent her from cryin oot, he covers the girl's mouth an unintentionally suffocates her. Efter realizin that she is deid, he strips her body naked an smells her aw over, becomin distraught when her scent fades. Efterwards, Grenouille is haunted bi the desire tae recreate the girl's aroma.

Efter makkin a delivery tae a perfume shop, Grenouille amazes the Italian owner, Giuseppe Baldini (Dustin Hoffman), wi his ability tae identify an create fragrances. He revitalizes the perfumer's career wi new formulas, demanding anely that Baldini teach him how tae preserve scents. Baldini explains that aw perfumes are harmonies o twelve individual scents, an mey contain a theoretical thirteenth scent. Grenouille conteenues wirkin for Baldini but is saddened when he learns that Baldini's method o distillation will not capture the scents o aw objects. Baldini informs Grenouille o another method that mey be learned in Grasse an agrees tae help him bi providing the journeyman papers he requires in exchange for 100 new perfume formulas. En route tae Grasse, Grenouille decides tae exile himself from society, taking refuge in a cave. Durin this time, he discovers that he lacks any personal scent himself, an believes this is why he is perceived as strange or disturbing bi others. Decidin tae conteenue his quest, he leaves his cave an conteenues tae Grasse.

Upon arrival in Grasse, Grenouille catches the scent o Laura Richis (Rachel Hurd-Wood), the bonnie, redheaded daughter o the wealthy Antoine Richis (Alan Rickman) an decides that she will be his "thirteenth scent", the linchpin o his perfume. Grenouille finds a job in Grasse under Madame Arnulfi (Corinna Harfouch) an learns the method o enfleurage. He kills a young lavender picker an attempts tae extract her scent uisin the method o hot enfleurage, whit fails. Efter this, he attempts the method o cold enfleurage on a prostitute he hired, but she becomes alarmed an tries tae throw him oot. He murders her an successfully preserves the scent of the woman. Grenouille embarks on a killin spree, targetin bonnie young women an capturing thair scents uisin his perfected method. He dumps the women's naked corpses around the city, creatin panic. Efter preserving the first twelve scents, Grenouille plans his attack on Laura. Durin a church sermon excommunicatin him, it is announced that a man has confessed to the murders. Richis remains unconvinced and secretly flees the city with his daughter, tellin no-one thair destination. Grenouille tracks her scent tae a roadside inn an sneaks intae her room that nicht, murdering her.

Soldiers capture Grenouille moments efter he finishes preparing his perfume. On the day o his execution, he applies the perfume on himself, forcing the jailers tae release him. The executioner an the crowd in attendance are speechless at the beauty of the perfume; they declare Grenouille innocent afore fallin intae a massive orgy. Richis, still convinced o Grenouille's guilt, threatens him wi his sword, but he is then overwhelmed bi the scent an embraces Grenouille as his "son." Walking oot o Grasse unscathed, Grenouille has enough perfume tae rule the world, but has discovered that it winna allow him tae love or bi loved like a normal person. Disenchanted bi his aimless quest, he returns tae the Parisian fish market where he was born an pours the remaining perfume o'er his heid. Overcome bi the scent an in the belief that Grenouille is an angel, the nearby crowd devours him. The next mornin, all that is left are his clothes and the empty bottle, frae whit ane final drop o perfume falls.

Plot differences frae oreeginal novelle[eedit | eedit soorce]

The film largely follows the novelle, wi a few exceptions. The character o Pellisier, the rival perfumer, niver appears in the novelle; he is anely ever alluded tae bi Baldini an others. Grenouille himself, although speaking little in the film, speaks much less in the novelle. The novelle covers at length his solo life in the mountain, an in his cave, whit is treated much maire briefly in the film, an in the novelle he becomes accustomed tae livin almost in a torpor wi no other beins around. Efter leavin, in the novelle he spends conseederable time as the guest of Marquis de La Taillade-Espinasse, wha wishes tae uise him tae prove pseudoscientific theories aboot altitude an health; this is cut in the film whit describes him travellin directly tae Grasse. In Grasse, in the novelle, he learns the arts of perfume extraction but there is no description bi Baldini in Paris, of "12 notes" with a "13th note" to command the others, as in the film - in the novelle his sole motive is to obtain the scent o a rare kinna person - the kind who inspires love.

"Grenouille let it go at that. He refrained from overpowering some whole, live person ... that sort of thing would have ... resulted in no new knowledge. He knew he was master of the techniques needed to rob a human of his or her scent, and knew it was unnecessary to prove this fact anew. Indeed, human odour was of no importance to him whatsoever. He could imitate human odour quite well enough with surrogates. What he coveted was the odour of certain human beings: that is, those rare humans who inspire love. Those were his victims."

- In the novel, unlike the film, Grenouille's motivation for killing is purely a result of his desire to possess those rare scents capable of inspiring love towards their possessor.[4]

There is also no scene o a death in Laura’s household grounds, nor any party described in them, and after finding her Grenouille does not visit her again until his preparations are complete. Instead, the novel describes Grenouille as deciding to kill his second victim in much the same manner as the first - purely because of an overwhelming impulse to possess her scent. His other victims are also killed purely for the purpose of practicing human scent preservation and perhaps because of the youthful appearance they all share, somewhat reminiscent of Laura, rather than for their perfume-related qualities or to combine with hers. The final perfume he creates in the book is a combination of ingredients, none of which are described except that from Laura. Laura's father does not encounter Grenouille until the latter is imminently to be executed, an there is no torture scene described in the buik in which he is present.

Production[eedit | eedit soorce]

Development[eedit | eedit soorce]

Bernd Eichinger
Producer Bernd Eichinger wis denied the richts tae the film when he first tried tae obtain it in 1985

Perfume: The Story of a Murderer is based on the 1985 novel by Patrick Süskind, which has sold over 20 million copies worldwide. Süskind reportedly thought that only Stanley Kubrick and Miloš Forman could do the book justice and refused to let anyone else adapt it to film.[5] Bernd Eichinger, the film's producer, read the novel when it was first released and immediately approached Süskind, who was also a friend of his, to obtain the film rights — Süskind refused.[6] In 2000, Süskind relented and sold Eichinger the rights. Eichinger had to take out a personal loan because the supervisory board of Constantin Film refused to approve the selling price.[7] He is rumored to have paid €10 million for the film rights.[8] The author had no involvement in the project.[9] Artist/director Julian Schnabel wanted to direct a film version of the novel and wrote a script based on the novel. However, Eichinger, who owned the rights to the novel at the time, disliked Schnabel's stream of consciousness-driven narrative of the story and that project was never materialized. Schnabel eventually transferred his unique approach of his Perfume script intae his 2007 film, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly.

Eichinger an screenwriter Andrew Birkin began tae write a draft script. Eichinger says that their biggest problem wis a narrative ane, "The main character doesn't express himsel. A novelist can uise narrative tae compensate for this; that's na possible in film. An audience can for ordinar anely get a feeling for a character if the character speaks", said Eichinger. Eichinger said, "Wi material like this it is especially important for a director tae get involved in the script." Eichinger met wi a nummer o directors but felt that only Tom Tykwer wis really in tune wi the material. In 2003, Tykwer wis invited tae join Eichinger an Birkin in adapting the novelel. The screenplay went through o'er 20 revisions tae get tae the final shooting script. The three writers wirked hard tae create a faithful adaptation that captured the atmosphere an climate o the novelle, yet, at the same time, have a specific an individual perspective, in terms o the story an the main character.[10]

The film had a production budget o €50 million (US$63.7 million),[11] making it one of the most expensive German film productions. The film was financed by Constantin Film, of which Eichinger was the former CEO; billionaire Gisela Oeri and VIP Medienfonds. Perfume is Oeri's first investment into a film and she also served as a co-producer. The film received €200,000 in funding from the German Federal Film Board (FFA)'s German–French Agreement fund.[12] Eurimages also granted the film €600,000 in co-production funding.[13] The film received €400,000 in funding from the German Federal Film Board.[14] The film received production funding of €1.6 million from FilmFernsehFonds Bayern, €1 million from the German Federal Film Board and €750,000 from Filmstiftung NRW.[15] The film received distribution funding o €205,000 frae FilmFernsehFonds Bayern,[16] €180,000 frae the German Federal Film Board an €150,000 frae the Bavarian Bank Fund.

Andreas Schmid, CEO o VIP Medienfonds ('Medienfonds' is a German term for a type of closed investment fund) and one of the film's executive producers, was arrested in October 2005 on suspicion of fraud and tax evasion.[17][18] The resulting investigation revealed some irregularities in the financing of Perfume, suggesting that some investors may have invested in the film as a vehicle for tax evasion (to acquire tax losses). According to documents Schmid filed to tax authorities, VIP invested €25 million into the film. But according to Constantin Film's ledgers, VIP only put up €4.1 million. The remainder of the €25 million was banked to collect interest, secure bank guaranties and used to pay back investors their share of the film's revenue.[19][20] As VIP claimed the whole €25 million was used to produce the film, its investors were also able to write off their entire contribution against tax. Perfume also received €700,000 in state subsidies from Filmstiftung NRW based on the €4.1 million figure. In November 2007, Schmid was found guilty of multiple counts of tax evasion and sentenced to six years in prison. He had already served maire than twa years in jail since his arrest.[21]

Casting[eedit | eedit soorce]

Ben Whishaw.
Ben Whishaw plays Jean-Baptiste Grenouille, a young man wi an exceptionally powerful sense o smell.

Filming wis originally planned tae begin in the third quarter of 2004 but the filmmakers had trouble finding the right actor to play the protagonist Grenouille.[22] The search to find an actor to play Grenouille took nearly a year.[23] On casting agent Michelle Guish's advice, Tykwer went to see Ben Whishaw perform as Hamlet in Trevor Nunn's production of the play. Tykwer immediately felt that he had found the actor for the role. An audition followed which convinced Eichinger of Whishaw's potential as well. Eichinger described Whishaw as embodying both "the innocent angel and the murderer." Regarding his search to find an actor, Tykwer said "it only really seemed plausible to choose someone for this role who was completely unknown. You could also say a 'nobody' who is to become a 'somebody' - because that's what the story is aboot too."

When it came tae casting the role o Baldini, the washed-up perfumer who first teaches Grenouille how to capture smells and create perfume, Tykwer immediately thought of Dustin Hoffman. "When I took on this project I knew straight away that there was no one who could play Baldini better," said Tykwer. Hoffman had wanted to work with Tykwer since he saw Run Lola Run and Tykwer had always wanted to get Hoffman for a part. Hoffman and Whishaw had a week of rehearsal and a crash course in perfume-making prior to the start of principal photography. The scenes between the two actors were shot in sequence, allowing them to follow the natural progression o thair characters' relationship.

Alan Rickman was Tykwer's first choice tae play Richis and the role was not offered to anyone else. Tykwer and Eichinger looked through hundreds of audition tapes to find the right actress for the role of Richis' daughter Laura. Tykwer believed he had found the right actress on a tape with 15 actresses but couldn't remember exactly which was the one he liked. Eichinger looked through the tape and found what he thought was a suitable person. It turned out that both men had chosen the same actress, Rachel Hurd-Wood. Tykwer went to London to cast her personally. A new tape was recorded and she was given the role. A suitable actress could not be found for the role of the plum girl in England and the United States so Tykwer decided to look at actresses in Germany. Karoline Herfurth, who had twice worked with Tykwer, was asked to do a screen test with Whishaw, in costume. Herfurth proved herself tae Tykwer an her role wis expanded.

A total o 5,200 extras were used for the film, sometimes with nearly a thousand at once. The orgy scene at the film's climax required 750 extras. 50 key players from the dance theater group La Fura dels Baus and 100 relatively experienced talents formed the core of the crowd. The remaining 600 extras were arranged around this group o 150 performers.

Design[eedit | eedit soorce]

Tae help define the film's look the crew watched period films such as Sleepy Hollow, Amadeus, Oliver Twist, Barry Lyndon, From Hell, The Elephant Man, Dracula, Brotherhood of the Wolf, Vidocq, and Les Misérables. Cinematographer Frank Griebe said that of all the films they watched that had been shot on location, none of them really had the dirt and grit of the city that they desired for Perfume. "We needed a filthy city to get the real feel for the smells of it", said Griebe. Tykwer wanted to recreate 18th-century Paris, as seen through the eyes of the lower-class Grenouille and said that he wanted to shoot the film "as if we were thrown intae a time machine wi a camera."

Tykwer describes the film as having "a distinctly dark aesthetic", due to both the lack of adequate lighting during the film's time period and the nature of its storyline. The filmmakers took inspiration from painters that specialized in darkness with few sources of light such as Caravaggio, Joseph Wright of Derby and Rembrandt. The film begins with a cool, monochromatic color palette, and as Grenouille discovers more scents, the palette warms and opens up. In the scenes where Grenouille goes to Paris for the first time, the filmmakers subtly added more powerful colors in the sets, costumes, props an lichtin tae represent Grenouille's experience o the new smells.

Ane o the main challenges o makkin the film wis tae convey the smells and the world of scents that Grenouille experiences. Tykwer said that to him Perfume "was much more a film about the importance of smell in our life than a film that tries to be smelly." The filmmakers strived to convey smell visually without the use of colors or special effects, Griebe says "people see the fish market full of raw, bloody fish, and they know it stinks; they see a field of lavender and know it smells wonderful. We show Grenouille taking in smells by cupping his nose, an bi doin close shots o his nose, and that's it!"{{Quote box|align=right|width=25%|quote="Süskind's gift is in his ability to let his readers, through language, experience Grenouille's world, which is revealed solely through his sense of smell. We have done the same with a different language, one composed of sound, music, dialogue and, of course, image."|source=Bernd Eichinger, producerCite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag Croatia was initially considered as an alternative because of its earthy scenery and pristine old-world towns, but even though the price was right, the distance between locations proved to be disadvantageous. In the end, the filmmakers opted to shoot most of the film in Catalonia, Spain which, although maire expensive than Croatia, offered locations that were closer tae ilk ane.

Principal photography began on July 12, 2005 an concluded on October 16, 2005. The first fifteen days was spent entirely on the largest stage of Bavaria Film Studios in Munich, shooting the scenes between Baldini and Grenouille in the former's workshop. All of the scenes with Hoffman were completed within the first eleven days. Most of the remaining scenes were shot in Catalonia, Spain, specifically in Barcelona, Girona and Figueres. The streets of Barcelona stood in for those of Paris. El Barri Gòtic (the Gothic Quarter), part of Barcelona's historic town center, was converted into a Parisian fish market. Poble Espanyol, an open-air museum in Barcelona, was the location for the climactic orgy scene. To create an authentic dirty look, the film's crew included a "dirt unit" of about 60 people whose job was to distribute detritus over the city. Two and a half tons of fish and one ton of meat was dispersed in El Gòtic. Several mountain and forest scenes were shot in the environs of Girona. The city also provided the location of the home and studio of Madame Arnulfi. Sant Ferran Castle in Figueres provided the location for the tannery, the Paris city gates and the dungeon in which Grenouille is imprisoned. The cave in which Grenouille discovers he has no scent was also located in Figueres. Some landscape shots, including those used as Grasse's lavender fields, were filmed in Provence, France in late June 2005, afore principal photography started.

The cinematographer for Perfume wis Frank Griebe, wha Tykwer has worked with on all of his films.[24] The film was shot on Arri cameras and lenses. For sequences which required the camera to be extremely close to its subject, Griebe used the Kenworthy/Nettman Snorkel Lens System.[25] Griebe shot the film on 3-perf Super 35 film using three Kodak Vision2 film stocks — 500T 5218, 200T 5217 and 100T 5212. 5218 was used for all the night scenes and the choice between the other two were determined by weather conditions — 5212 when it was very sunny and 5217 whenever it was overcast. Tykwer and Griebe originally discussed shooting Perfume in the traditional Academy 1.33:1 aspect ratio, but they decided against it because of the difficulty of theatrical exhibition. "We felt 1.33:1 was perfect for many aspects of this story, but today you canna release a 1.33 film in theaters," said Griebe.

Post-production[eedit | eedit soorce]

Post-production took place in Munich an required nine months to complete, concluding in the third quarter of 2006. Film editor Alex Berner was present at all the shooting locations and was on set with Tykwer. Berner also cut dailies as filming progressed which, according to Tykwer, saved a lot of time later. Tykwer said they had to work this way due to the film's tight schedule (the European release dates had already been locked).[26] On every night of filming, Tykwer and Griebe would take screenshots from the dailies and make notes for the film laboratory on what sort of tone and palette they wanted, and the level of brightness and contrast they wanted for the prints.[27] A digital intermediate was used for the film. About three months was spent grading the film. Digital grading tools were used to improve the color of the lavender fields because the film crew had arrived a week early and the flowers were not in full bloom.[28] In the scene where Grenouille murders the plum girl, selective colourin ws uised tae tak the tone o the deid body's flesh frae its natural colour tae a pale white colour.

Visual effects wirk, o whit there were aboot 250 shots, was carried out by Universal Production Partners in Prague. Much of the visual effects work for the film consisted of minor CGI corrections, such as wire removals; and a lot of crowd manipulation and set extensions.[29] Scale models were uised tae create the shots o the Seine river bridge wi houses on it.

Music[eedit | eedit soorce]

As wi aw o Tykwer's films since 1997's Winter Sleepers, the musical score for Perfume was composed by Tykwer and two of his friends Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil. The score was performed by the Berlin Philharmonic and State choir Latvija under the direction of conductor Simon Rattle. Tykwer began composing the score with Klimek and Heil the very day he started working on the screenplay. Tykwer said, "I feel like I understand very much about the structure and the motivations of the characters when I'm writing the script, but I really do understand the atmosphere and the emotional and the more abstract part of the film when I'm investigating the music, and when I'm planning the music for it. ... When I then come to the shooting, having worked for three years on the music and three years on the script, I really feel like I know exactly the two worlds and how to combine them." By the time it came to shooting the film, a substantial portion of music had been composed. Tykwer hired a small orchestra and recorded them performing the score. Tykwer played the recorded music on set so people could explore the atmosphere and the acoustic world of the film while they were acting in it.[30] The music wis fenby uised insteid o temp music durin editing.[31]

Release[eedit | eedit soorce]

Marketing[eedit | eedit soorce]

Tae coincide wi the film's release, clothing an fragrance company Thierry Mugler released a fifteen-piece perfume coffret. The perfumes were a collaboration between Thierry Mugler's Vera Struebi and Pierre Aulas and International Flavors & Fragrances' Christophe Laudamiel and Christoph Hornetz.[32] Laudamiel read the novel in 1994 and began recreating odors from it in 2000; Hornetz joined the project in 2002.[33] 14 of the fragrances were inspired by the novel and film, the 15th works as a fragrance enhancer but can also be worn on its own. Smells represented by the perfumes include Paris in 1738, a virgin's navel, a clean baby and leather. The coffret was released as a limited edition of 1,300 sets that sold for US$700 each; all 1,300 sets were sold.[34]

Box office[eedit | eedit soorce]

The film wis a financial success, especially in Europe, earning $135,039,943 worldwide. It opened in Germany on September 14, 2006 and was number one on the box office charts in its first three weeks.[35] The film made $9.7 million in its opening weekend[36] and an estimated 1.04 million people saw the film in its first four days of release in Germany.[37] The film ended up selling over five million tickets[38] and grossed $53,125,663,[39] the highest German gross for a dramatic film.[40] The film's strong performance in Germany was attributed in part to a large marketing campaign an numerous premieres throughout the country.

Bi comparison, the film performed poorly in North America. The film had a three-theater limited release on December 27, 2006 before being expanded to 280 theaters on January 5, 2007.[41][42] The film completed its theatrical run in North America on March 1, 2007, taking in a modest $2,223,293 overall.[43] Roger Ebert attributes its poor US box office performance tae the film "getting lost in the Christmas rush."

Home media[eedit | eedit soorce]

The film wis released on DVD (in three configurations) and HD DVD in Germany by Highlight on March 15, 2007. The standard edition DVD and the HD DVD contain the film and three audio commentary tracks — one by Tykwer, one by production designer Uli Hanisch and his assistant Kai Karla Koch, and one by Griebe and editor Alexander Berner.[44] The two-disc special edition DVD's extra features include the same audio commentary tracks as on the standard edition, a making-of, interviews with the cast and crew, and six featurettes.[45] The DVD was also released in a numbered, limited edition "Fascination of Smell" configuration which came in a wooden box containing five small bottles of the Thierry Mugler perfumes in addition to the same material as the special edition DVD. Only 7,777 units were available and it was sold exclusively by Müller.[46][47] A Blu-ray Disc version of the film, which contained the same extra features as the special edition DVD, was released on November 8, 2007.[48] The DVD sold 300,000 units in its first 14 days of release in Germany and sold 600,000 units by May 22, 2007.[49] As of May 15, 2009, 1.15 million DVD and Blu-ray units of the film have been sold in the country.[50] In the United States, 387,520 DVD units have been sold as o the latest figures, translatin tae $7,547,755 in revenue.[51]

Reception[eedit | eedit soorce]

Critical response[eedit | eedit soorce]

The film received a polarized response frae critics. Based on 123 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an overall approval rating from critics of 58%, with an average score of 6.2/10.[52] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 56 based on 30 reviews.[53]

The Hollywood Reporter's Bernard Besserglik described the film as a "visually lush, fast-moving story", stating as well that the director "has a sure sense of spectacle and, despite its faults, the movie maintains its queasy grip".[54] Dan Jolin of Empire gave the film four out of five stars and said "The odd conclusion renders it somewhat oblique, but Perfume is a feast for the senses. Smell it with your eyes..."[55] A. O. Scott of The New York Times gave the film a negative review, saying "Try as it might to be refined and provocative, Perfume: The Story of a Murderer never rises above the pedestrian creepiness of its conceit." Scott also said that Whishaw "does not quite manage to make Grenouille either a victim worthy of pity or a fascinating monster. [...] In the film he comes across as dull, dour an repellent."[56]

James Berardinelli o Reelviews.net gave the film twa an a half out of four stars, saying "There's a mesmerizing appeal to the director's in-your-face style, even if the images he displays are often repugnant. Unfortunately, Tykwer is working with a flawed screenplay and even the most arresting visuals cannot compensate for the movie's schizophrenic story."[57] Roger Ebert was very enthusiastic giving the film four out of four stars and wrote "It took imagination to tell it, courage to film it, thought to act it, and from the audience it requires a brave curiosity about the peculiarity of obsession."[58] Ebert later named Perfume as "the most underappreciated movie o the year".[59]

Boyd van Hoeij o European-Films.net said "Tykwer's sane decision to prefer traditional craftsmanship over computer-generated imagery and a highly intelligent screenplay that hews very close to the spirit of the novel put Perfume way ahead of its competitors." Van Hoeij later named Perfume: The Story of a Murderer one of the ten best films of 2006.[60] Variety's Derek Elley said the film was an "extremely faithful" adaptation, but felt the film was slightly too long and "more liberties should have been taen tae mak the novelle wirk on the screen".[61]

Reviews o the cast were mixed. Whishaw's performance was praised by many critics.[62] Boyd van Hoeij said Whishaw was "a revelation in a very difficult role that is mostly mute and certainly ugly." The San Francisco Chronicle's Mick LaSalle said "Whishaw succeeds in making the repulsive protagonist thoroughly repulsive, which is probably a testimony to his acting ability."[63] The casting of Dustin Hoffman as Baldini was criticized by several critics.[64][65][66] The Los Angeles Times' Carina Chocano called his performance "disconcertingly kitsch and over the top".[67] Conversely, Rickman's performance as Richis wis well received.

Accolades[eedit | eedit soorce]

Perfume: The Story of a Murderer wis nominated for five Saturn Awards at the 33rd Saturn Awards — Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film, Best Director (Tykwer), Best Writing (Birkin, Eichinger, Tykwer), Best Supporting Actress (Hurd-Wood), and Best Music (Tykwer, Klimek, Heil).[68] At the 2007 European Film Awards, Frank Griebe won the award for Best Cinematographer and Uli Hanisch won the European Film Academy Prix d'Excellence for his production design work.[69] The film also received nominations in the People's Choice Award, Best Actor (Ben Whishaw) and Best Composer (Tykwer, Klimek, Heil) categories.[70] At the 2007 Germany Film Awards, the film won the Silver Best Feature Film award and the awards for Best Cinematography, Best Costume Design, Best Editing, Best Production Design and Best Sound.[71] It also received nominations for Best Direction and Best Film Score.[72] At the 2007 Bavarian Film Awards, Tykwer and Hanisch won awards for Best Director and Best Production Design categories, respectively.[73] Eichinger, Tykwer and Whishaw received the award for their work on Perfume, which won the 2006 Bambi Award in the Film – National category.

See also[eedit | eedit soorce]

References[eedit | eedit soorce]

  1. ↑ "PERFUME - THE STORY OF A MURDERER (15)". British Board of Film Classification. 4 September 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
  2. ↑ "Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Internet Movie Database. 2 Mairch 2007. Retrieved 18 Apryle 2015.
  3. ↑ "Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Internet Movie Database. 2 Mairch 2007. Retrieved 18 Apryle 2015.
  4. ↑ Novel, chapter 38 (p.195 in Woods translation, paperback edition)
  5. ↑ Applebaum, Stephen (December 29, 2006). "'Perfume': How a director filmed the unfilmable novel". The Independent. London. Archived frae the original on December 11, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Production Notes" (Press release). Pathé Distribution. Archived frae the original (RTF) on December 11, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Beier, Lars-Olav (Mey 2, 2010). "Germany's Most Famous Producer Gets Little Love at Home". Der Spiegel. Archived frae the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ Jenny, Urs (August 9, 2006). "Perfume the Film: Worth the Wait?". Der Spiegel. Archived frae the original on December 11, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi (ed.). "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post. COP Communications (January 2007). Archived frae the original on 24 Apryle 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2009. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ Murray, Rebecca (November 2006). "Exclusive Interview with Filmmaker Tom Tykwer". About.com. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ Elley, Derek (4 October 2006). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". Variety. Archived frae the original on 12 December 2009. Retrieved 11 December 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ "Förderentscheidungen: Deutsch-Französisches-Abkommen (2005)" [Funding Decisions: German-French Agreement (2005)] (in German). German Federal Film Board (FFA). 2005. Archived frae the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ "Co-production support – Year 2005". Council of Europe. Apryle 10, 2006. Archived frae the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ "Förderentscheidungen: Medialeistungen (2006)" [Funding Decisions: Media Services (2006)] (in German). German Federal Film Board (FFA). 2006. Archived frae the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  15. ↑ "Ausgabe 1/07 vom 07. Februar 2007" [Issue 1/07 of 7 February 2007] (PDF) (Press release) (in German). German Federal Film Board (FFA). Februar 7, 2007. Archived frae the original (PDF) on December 24, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ "Jahresbericht FFF Bayern 2006" [Annual Report FFF Bavaria 2006] (PDF) (Press release) (in German). FilmFernsehFonds Bayern. 2006. Archived frae the original (PDF) on December 24, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ Meza, Ed (6 October 2005). "Fund flap takes turn". Daily Variety (289.4): 1. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  18. ↑ Roxborough, Scott (6 October 2005). "VIP fund's Schmid taken into custody". The Hollywood Reporter. e5 Global Media (391.13): 1. Archived frae the original on 13 September 2007. Retrieved 29 Juin 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  19. ↑ Roxborough, Scott (20 October 2006). "On the scent: prosecutor probes 'Perfume' books: VIP's Schmid investigation's target". The Hollywood Reporter. e5 Global Media (396.33): 14. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  20. ↑ Meza, Ed (26 October 2009). "Germany's VIP prisoner". Variety. Reed Business Information (416.11): 53. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  21. ↑ "VIP duo guilty of tax evasion". The Hollywood Reporter. e5 Global Media (402.12): 2. 14 November 2007. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  22. ↑ Pauli, Harald (October 10, 2005). "Essenz eines Erfolgs" [The Essence of Success]. Focus (in German). Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  23. ↑ Brooks, Brian (Januar 2, 2007). "indieWIRE Interview: Tom Tykwer, Director of 'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer'". indieWire. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  24. ↑ Holben, Jay (Februar 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  25. ↑ Holben, Jay (Februar 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  26. ↑ Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi (ed.). "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post. COP Communications (January 2007). Archived frae the original on 24 Apryle 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2009. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  27. ↑ Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi (ed.). "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post. COP Communications (January 2007). Retrieved 11 December 2009. [deid airtin]
  28. ↑ Holben, Jay (Februar 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  29. ↑ Jarrett, George. Altman, Randi (ed.). "UPP for film work". Post. COP Communications (January 2007). Retrieved 11 December 2009. [deid airtin]
  30. ↑ Cowie, Peter. "Sound Direction: Tom Tykwer". Dolby Laboratories. Archived frae the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  31. ↑ Prokopy, Steve (Januar 2, 2007). "Capone rubs Tom Tykwer down with animal fat and tries to extract his Perfume!!!". Ain't It Cool News. Archived frae the original on December 15, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  32. ↑ "Le Parfum - Thierry Mugler: An olfactory trio". Thierry Mugler. Archived frae the original on 25 September 2007. Retrieved 29 December 2010.
  33. ↑ Bendeth, Marian (Januar 17, 2007). "Interview with Les Christophs': Christophe Laudamiel and Christoph Hornetz: Perfumers of Le Coffret". Basenotes. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  34. ↑ Za, Wong Li (29 Mairch 2007). "Scents of a novel". The Star. Archived frae the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  35. ↑ Meza, Ed (11 December 2006). "Teuton titles triumph at B.O.". Variety. Reed Business Information (405.4): 18. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  36. ↑ Mohr, Ian (24 September 2006). "Italy opening propels 'Pirates' back to top". Variety. Reed Business Information. Retrieved 29 Juin 2010.
  37. ↑ Meza, Ed (18 September 2006). "'Perfume' attracts 1.04 mil in four days". Variety. Reed Business Information. Retrieved 29 Juin 2010.
  38. ↑ Roxborough, Scott (31 October 2006). "Home cooking for German B.O.". The Hollywood Reporter. e5 Global Media (396.40): 76. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  39. ↑ "Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (2006) - International Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. 7 December 2008. Archived frae the original on 29 Juin 2010. Retrieved 29 Juin 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  40. ↑ Bresnan, Conor (16 Mairch 2007). "Around the World Roundup: 2006 Review". Box Office Mojo. Archived frae the original on 29 Juin 2010. Retrieved 29 Juin 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  41. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006) - Daily Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 28 December 2010.
  42. ↑ Sperling, Nicole (8 Januar 2007). "'Museum' still No. 1 b.o. exhibit". The Hollywood Reporter. e5 Global Media. Retrieved 18 Januar 2013.
  43. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 11 December 2009.
  44. ↑ Walch, Danny (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders" [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer]. DigitalVD (in German). Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  45. ↑ Kampfert, Marcus (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders - Premium Edition". DigitalVD (in German). Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  46. ↑ Brenner, Frank (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders - Exklusive Duft Edition DVD" [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer - Exclusive Fragrance Edition DVD]. DigitalVD (in German). Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  47. ↑ "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders (Duft Edition, 2 DVDs, exklusiv bei Müller)" [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (Fragrance Edition, 2 DVDs, exclusive to Müller)]. Mediabiz.de (in German). 2007. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  48. ↑ "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders (Blu-ray Disc)" [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (Blu-ray Disc)]. Mediabiz.de (in German). 2007. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  49. ↑ "'Das Parfum' großer DVD-Erfolg für Constantin" ['Perfume' great DVD-success for Constantin]. Mediabiz.de (in German). Mey 22, 2007. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  50. ↑ "'Das Parfüm' ist ein Millionenseller" ['Perfume' is a million seller]. Mediabiz.de (in German). Mey 15, 2009. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  51. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer - DVD Sales". The Numbers. Nash Information Services. Archived frae the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  52. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 18 Januar 2013.
  53. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 8 August 2010.
  54. ↑ Besserglik, Bernard (19 October 2006). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 11 December 2009.
  55. ↑ Jolin, Dan (2007). "Review of Perfume: The Story Of A Murderer". Empire. Bauer Media Group. Archived frae the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  56. ↑ Scott, A. O. (27 December 2006). "The Sweet Smell of Life That Drives Him to Kill". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 Juin 2010.
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  58. ↑ Ebert, Roger (Januar 5, 2007). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived frae the original on July 14, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2009. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  59. ↑ Zeitchik, Steven (30 Apryle 2007). "Critic's thumbprint all over fest". Daily Variety. |access-date= requires |url= (help)|access-date= requires |url= (help)
  60. ↑ Hoeij, Boyd van (17 September 2006). "Review: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders)". european-films.net. Archived frae the original on 21 Juin 2008. Retrieved 28 Juin 2010.
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  63. ↑ LaSalle, Mick (Januar 5, 2007). "'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer' review". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived frae the original on January 4, 2012. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  64. ↑ Lumenick, Lou (December 27, 2006). "What He Nose Can Kill You". New York Post. Archived frae the original on June 28, 2010. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  65. ↑ Puig, Claudia (December 26, 2006). "'Perfume' gets under your skin". USA Today. Archived frae the original on June 28, 2010. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  66. ↑ Levy, Emanuel. "Perfume: The Story of a Murder review". emanuellevy.com. Archived frae the original on November 25, 2010. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  67. ↑ Chocano, Carina (December 27, 2006). "'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer' - Movie Review". Los Angeles Times. Archived frae the original on June 28, 2010. Retrieved June 28, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  68. ↑ "The 33rd Annual Saturn Awards Nominations". Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films. 2007. Archived frae the original on 29 Apryle 2007. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
  69. ↑ "European Film Awards 2007: The Winners". European Film Academy. 2007. Archived frae the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  70. ↑ "European Film Awards 2007: The Nominations". European Film Academy. 2007. Archived frae the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  71. ↑ "Nominierungen 2007" (in German). Deutsche Filmakademie. 2007. Archived frae the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  72. ↑ "Preisträger 2007" (in German). Deutsche Filmakademie. 2007. Archived frae the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  73. ↑ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006) - Awards". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 23 December 2010.

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