Jerusalem

Jerusalem
Jerusalem; ירושלים;
	Ceety
	Banner Coat airms
	Eik-name(s): ', ; The Holy City
	Jerusalem Location in Israel
	Coordinates: 31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°ECoordinates: 31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°E
Kintra	Israel
Destrict	Jerusalem
Govrenment
• Teep	Mayor-cooncil
• Bodi	Jerusalem municipality
• Mayor	Zaki al-Ghul (east); Nir Barkat (west)
Population
• Ceety	865,721
• Density	6400/km2 (17,000/sq mi)
• Metro	1,124,300
Ethnicity
Time zone	UTC+2 (IST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (IDT)
Aurie code	+972 (Israel) 3 (Ceety)
Website	jerusalem.muni.il

Jerusalem (Hebrew: ירושלים‬, Yerushaláyim; Arabic: القدس‎, al-Quds, or أورشليم, ʔūrušalīm) is the lairgest ceety o Israel an some kintras merkit it as the caipital o Israel tho it haes nae internaitional kent heidhaund an is merkit as occupiet grund unner internaitional law. It haes a population o 719,900 indwallers. It is the destination o mony veesitors tae Israel. Jerusalem is merkit as a centre o three releegions (Judaism, Christianity an Islam). The ceety haes a lang history, datin back tae the 19t century BC.

Mony chiels claim that it shoudnae be kent as the caipital o Israel, as East Jerusalem is supposed tae be the Palestinian caipital.

The UN disnae recognise its status as the caipital o Israel as its anerly the caipital unner Israeli law an no internaitional law.

Aye branch o the Israeli govrenment is locatit in Jerusalem, includin the Knesset (Israel's pairliament), the residences o the Prime Meenister an Preses, an the Supreme Court. Jerusalem is hame tae the Ebreu University an tae the Israel Museum wi its Shrine o the Beuk. The Jerusalem Biblical Zoo haes ranked conseistently as Israel's tap tourist attraction for Israelis.

Etymology

A ceety cawed Rušalimum or Urušalimum (Foondation o Shalem)^[4] appears in auncient Egyptian records as the first twa references tae Jerusalem, in c. 2000 BC an c. 1330 BC respectively.^[5]^[6]^[7] The form Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) first appears in the Bible, in the beuk o Joshua. This form haes the appearance o a portmanteau (blend) oYireh (an abidin place o the fear an the service o God)^[8] an the oreeginal ruit S-L-M an is no a semple phonetic evolution o the form in the Amarna letters. The meanin o the common ruit S-L-M is unkent but is thocht tae refer tae aither "peace" (Salam or Shalom in modren Arabic an Ebreu) or Shalim, the god o dusk in the Canaanite releegion.^[9]^[10]^[11]

teepically the endin -im indicates the plural in Ebreu grammar an -ayim the dual sicweys leadin tae the suggestion that the name refers tae the fact that the ceety sits on twa hills.^[12]^[13] Housomeivver the pronunciation o the last seellable as -ayim appears tae be a late development, which haed no yet appeared at the time o the Septuagint.

The tradeetion names the auldest settled neighbourhuid o Jerusalem the Ceety o David. "Zion" initially referred tae pairt o the ceety, but later came tae signify the ceety as a whole an as a metaphor for the Biblical Land o Israel. In Greek an Laitin the ceety's name wis transliteratit Hierosolyma (Ἱεροσόλυμα), awtho the ceety wis renamed Aelia Capitolina for pairt o the Roman period o its history. In Arabic, Jerusalem is maist commonly kent as القُدس, transliteratit as al-Quds an meanin "The Holy".

Twin touns an sister ceeties

New York Ceety, Unitit States (syne 1993)

References

↑ []
↑ "List of localities, in Alphabetical order" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
↑ "LOCALITIES, POPULATION AND DENSITY PER SQ. KM., BY METROPOLITAN AREA(1) AND SELECTED LOCALITIES" (PDF). http://www.cbs.gov.il/shnaton66/st02_25.pdf. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. freemit airtin in |website= (help)
↑ Jerusalem, the Holy City by Stephen J. Binz, 2005
↑ G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren (eds.) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, (tr. David E. Green) William B. Eerdmann, Grand Rapids Michigan, Cambridge, UK 1990, Vol. VI, p. 348
↑ "EA287 ''Abdi Hiba of Jerusalem to the king, No. 3''". Specialtyinterests.net. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
↑ "''The El Amarna Letters from Canaan''". Tau.ac.il. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
↑ The Legends of the Jews Volume 1 Archived 2012-04-03 at the Wayback Machine by Louis Ginzberg, Release Date: October, 1998
↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Retrieved 17 Mairch 2010.
↑ Elon, Amos (8 Januar 1996). Jerusalem. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0006375316. Archived frae the original on 19 Mairch 2016. Retrieved 26 Apryle 2007. The epithet may have originated in the ancient name of Jerusalem—Salem (after the pagan deity of the city), which is etymologically connected in the Semitic languages with the words for peace (shalom in Hebrew, salam in Arabic).
↑ Ringgren, H., Die Religionen des Alten Orients (Göttingen, 1979), 212.
↑ Wallace, Edwin Sherman (1977). Jerusalem the Holy. New York: Arno Press. p. 16. ISBN 0405102984. Retrieved 25 Apryle 2007. A similar view was held by those who give the Hebrew dual to the word Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Smith, George Adam (1907). Jerusalem: The Topography, Economics and History from the Earliest Times to A.D. 70. Hodder and Stoughton. p. 251. ISBN 0790529351. The termination -aim or -ayim used to be taken as the ordinary termination of the dual of nouns, and was explained as signifying the upper and lower cities |access-date= requires |url= (help) (see here [1])

Freemit airtins

Offeecial wabsteid o Jerusalem Municipality
Jerusalemp3 Archived 2015-08-01 at the Wayback Machine, affers free virtual tours in mp3 format frae the Jerusalem Municipality
Travel guide tae Jerusalem frae Wikivoyage

This Israel-relatit airticle is a stub. Ye can help Wikipaedia bi expandin it.

[1] []

[Israelpopulations-2] "List of localities, in Alphabetical order" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 October 2016.

[3] "LOCALITIES, POPULATION AND DENSITY PER SQ. KM., BY METROPOLITAN AREA(1) AND SELECTED LOCALITIES" (PDF). http://www.cbs.gov.il/shnaton66/st02_25.pdf. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. freemit airtin in |website= (help)

[Stephen_J._Binz-4] Jerusalem, the Holy City by Stephen J. Binz, 2005

[5] G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren (eds.) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, (tr. David E. Green) William B. Eerdmann, Grand Rapids Michigan, Cambridge, UK 1990, Vol. VI, p. 348

[6] "EA287 ''Abdi Hiba of Jerusalem to the king, No. 3''". Specialtyinterests.net. Retrieved 11 September 2010.

[7] "''The El Amarna Letters from Canaan''". Tau.ac.il. Retrieved 11 September 2010.

[Louis_Ginzberg-8] The Legends of the Jews Volume 1 Archived 2012-04-03 at the Wayback Machine by Louis Ginzberg, Release Date: October, 1998

[9] "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Retrieved 17 Mairch 2010.

[10] Elon, Amos (8 Januar 1996). Jerusalem. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0006375316. Archived frae the original on 19 Mairch 2016. Retrieved 26 Apryle 2007. The epithet may have originated in the ancient name of Jerusalem—Salem (after the pagan deity of the city), which is etymologically connected in the Semitic languages with the words for peace (shalom in Hebrew, salam in Arabic).

[11] Ringgren, H., Die Religionen des Alten Orients (Göttingen, 1979), 212.

[12] Wallace, Edwin Sherman (1977). Jerusalem the Holy. New York: Arno Press. p. 16. ISBN 0405102984. Retrieved 25 Apryle 2007. A similar view was held by those who give the Hebrew dual to the word Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[13] Smith, George Adam (1907). Jerusalem: The Topography, Economics and History from the Earliest Times to A.D. 70. Hodder and Stoughton. p. 251. ISBN 0790529351. The termination -aim or -ayim used to be taken as the ordinary termination of the dual of nouns, and was explained as signifying the upper and lower cities |access-date= requires |url= (help) (see here [1])

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