Spain–Turkey relations
Spaingie–Turkis relations are foreign relations atween the Kinrick o Spain an the Republic o Turkey. Spain haes an embassy in Ankara an a consulate general in Istanbul. Turkey haes an embassy in Madrid an a consulate general in Barcelona.
History[eedit | eedit soorce]
During the 16th century, Habsburg Spain an the Ottoman Empire focht for supremacy in the Mediterranean.[1][2] A hichlicht wis the battle o Lepanto whur the Spaingie-led fleet (all'eed wi the Republic o Venice an the Papal States) won ower the Ottoman fleet. In North Africaw, the Spaingie actions against the Barbary pirates (Ottoman allies) wur nae successful for long.
During this time, the Ottomans welcomed mony Sephardi Jews an Conversos, fleeing frae releegious persecution in Spain, who introduced the Gutenberg press an theater, an supportit a failed Morisco revolt. The silver brocht frae Spanish Americae caused massive inflation in Spain, that extendit tae the rest o Europe an even the Ottoman Empire.
Modeen relations atween the twa kintras stairtit in 1782 when the Agreement of Peace, Friendship and Trade wis signed.[3][4]
Political relations[eedit | eedit soorce]
Turkey an Spain are baith members o the Cooncil o Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the World Trade Organization, an the Union for the Mediterranean.
Tgare are nae poleetical problems atween Turkey an Spain at bilateral level.[3] Spain is ane o the major kintras supportin Turkey’s membership tae the European Union.[3]
The jynt action plan signed atween Turkey an Spain, on 22 Julie 1998, established the framewirk o the bilateral relations atween the twa countries.[3]
The Alliance of Civilizations wis initiatit bi Spaingie Prime Mennister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, co-sponsored bi the Turkis Prime Meenister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.[3]
Economic relations[eedit | eedit soorce]
Trade volume atween Turkey an Spain wis €5.99 billion in 2011.[5] Thare wis a development in the economic field in 2015 wi trade at USD 8.5 billion.[6]
Thare are mair nor 610 Spanish firms operatin in Turkey. The value o Spanish investments in Turkey is aroond $10 billion.[7] In 2008, mair nor 350,000 Spanish tourists visited Turkey.[8]
Aroond 75 Turkish firms operate in Spain. The Turkish investments in Spain reached $143 million in the period o 2002-2015.
References[eedit | eedit soorce]
- ↑ Ottoman-Spanish Economic Relations in the 16th century
- ↑ "Hüseyin Serdar Tabakoğlu The Re-Establishment Of Ottoman-Spanish Relations In 1782, Turkish Studies, Volume 2/3, Summer 2007" (PDF). Archived frae the original (PDF) on 7 Apryle 2016. Retrieved 19 Januar 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e Turkey´s Political Relations with Spain / Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archived 2009-06-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Article by H.E. Ahmet Davutoğlu published in El Pais Newspaper (Spain) on 16.11.2009
- ↑ International Trade Centre
- ↑ Turkey is not turning its back on the West Archived 2019-04-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Spanish Investors Continue To Bolster Turkey's Foreign Investment Relations
- ↑ ["İspanyol turist istikrarlı (in Turkis)[[Category:Airticles wi Turkis-leid soorces (tr)]]". Archived frae the original on 3 Mairch 2016. Retrieved 19 Januar 2020. URL–wikilink conflict (help) İspanyol turist istikrarlı (in Turkis)]