Qamishli
Qamishli قامشلي | |
|---|---|
  Qamishli Location in Sirie | |
| Coordinates: 37°03′N 41°13′E / 37.050°N 41.217°E | |
| Kintra |  Sirie |
| Govrenorate | Al Hasakah |
| Destrict | Qamishli |
| Population (2004)Census | |
| • Total | 184,231 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | +3 |
| Area code(s) | 52 |
Qamishli (Arabic: قامشلي Qāmišlī, Kurdish: Qamişlo, Syriac: ܩܡܫܠܐ Qamišlo or ܒܝܬ ܙܐܠܝ̈ܢ Beṯ Zālin, Turkis: Kamışlı) is a ceety in northeastren Sirie on the mairch wi Turkey, adjoinin the Turkis ceety o Nusaybin, an close tae Iraq. It is pairt o the Al-Hasakah Govrenorate, an is the admeenistrative caipital o the Qamishli Destrict athin the govrenorate.
Etymology
[eedit | eedit soorce]The ceety wis initially a sma veelage inhabitit bi Assiries/Siriacs cried beṯ zālin (ܒܝܬ ܙܐܠܝ̈ܢ) meanin "hoose o reed". The current name is a turkifeed form o it, whaur "kamış" means "reed" in Turkis.
Demographics
[eedit | eedit soorce]Wi a population o 184,231 (2004 Census), Qamishli is amang the 10 lairgest ceeties in Sirie.
Qamishli, oreeginally an Assirie/Siriac ceety, in modren times is o mixed ethnic groups predominantly Kurdish, Assiries an Arabs. The Christians o the ceety mainly conseest o Assiries/Siriacs an Armenies. The ceety wis foondit bi Assiries fleein Seyfo in modren Turkey. The day Kurds, Assiries, Arabs an Armenies (aboot 8,500 form which 2,000 are Armenie Catholics[1]) live side bi side in the ceety.
Qamishli wis hame tae a significant Jewish commonty an aw. In the 1930s the Jewish population o Al Qamishli numbered 3,000. Syne 1947, the situation o the Jews o Qamishli deterioratit. Aw Jews employed in govrenment offices wur sackt. Mony Jewish weemen wur impreesoned an beaten wi the appruival o the authorities. Massive immigration o Jews frae Sirie peakit due tae violence, sic as Aleppo pogrom. Bi 1963, the commonty haed dwindled tae 800 persons, an efter the Sax-Day War it went doun further tae 150.
History
[eedit | eedit soorce]Qamishli is situatit at the base o the Taurus Muntains, locatit near the aurie o auncient Hurrian ceety o Urkesh which wis foondit durin the fowert millennium BC.
The modren ceety wis foondit in 1926 as a railwa station on the Taurus railwa.[2]
Qamishli is the lairgest toun in Al-Hasakah province an it is regardit as the secret caipital o the Kurds, the Assiries/Siriacs claim it tae be thair commonty caipital an aw. It is the centre o the Sirie Kurdish problem.[3]
In Mairch 2004, durin a chaotic soccer match, a riot stairtit when some fowk stairtit raisin separatist Kurdish flags, hailin Barzani an Talabani an US Preses George W. Bush, turnin the match intae poleetical conflict. The riot expanded oot o the stadium an wappens wur uised against polis an civilians o nan-Kurdish backgrund. In the eftermath, at least 30 Kurds wur killed as the security services re-teuk the ceety.[4] The event became kent as "Qamishli massacre".
In Juin 2005, thoosans o Kurds demonstratit in Qamishli tae protest the assassination o Sheikh Khaznawi, a Kurdish cleric in Sirie, resultin in the daith o ane polisman an injury tae fower Kurds.[5][6] In Mairch 2008, accordin tae Human Rights Watch,[7] Sirie security forces opened fire at Kurds celebratin spring festival o Newroz an gatherin for revivin the 2004 riot in Qamishli. The shuitin left three fowk deid.
The ceety is renowned for throwin a lairge Christenmas parade ivery year in December, an celebratin Newroz festival bi a lairge croud ivery year in Mairch.
Climate
[eedit | eedit soorce]| Climate data for Al-Qamishli | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average heich °C (°F) | 10.9 (51.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
16.7 (62.1) |
22.1 (71.8) |
29.2 (84.6) |
36.1 (97.0) |
40.3 (104.5) |
39.8 (103.6) |
35.4 (95.7) |
28.3 (82.9) |
19.3 (66.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
| Average law °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) |
3.5 (38.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
10.3 (50.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.0 (73.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
15.0 (59.0) |
8.8 (47.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
12.7 (54.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 77.5 (3.05) |
71.9 (2.83) |
68.2 (2.69) |
59.0 (2.32) |
29.0 (1.14) |
2.2 (0.09) |
0.3 (0.01) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.8 (0.03) |
18.0 (0.71) |
38.5 (1.52) |
66.9 (2.63) |
432.4 (17.02) |
| Average precipitation days | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 71 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organization | |||||||||||||
Petroleum
[eedit | eedit soorce]Al Qamishli haes recently experiencit an economic buim due tae the sploration o petroleum in the Qarah Shuk region 80 km east o Qamishli.
Transportation
[eedit | eedit soorce]It haes an internaitional airport, Kamishly Airport, wi IATA code KAC.
Chemins de Fer Syriens (the Sirie railwey company) operates a fricht an passenger railwa service tae ither pairts o Sirie.
See an aw
[eedit | eedit soorce]Notes
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ (in Armenie) Ծննդավայրս՝ Գամիշլի կամ Եղէգնուտ Archived 2012-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Al-Qamishli" - Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006.
- ↑ "Qantara.de - The Kurds of Syria - An Insecure Stone in the Syrian Mosaic". Archived frae the original on 8 Januar 2011. Retrieved 27 Juin 2012.
- ↑ James Brandon (15 Februar 2007). "The PKK and Syria's Kurds". Washington, DC 20036, USA: Terrorism Monitor, The Jamestown Foundation. p. Volume 5, Issue 3. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
|publisher=(help)CS1 maint: location (link) - ↑ Blanford, Nicholas (15 Juin 2005). "A murder stirs Kurds in Syria". USA Today.
- ↑ Fattah, Hassan M. (2 Julie 2005). "Kurds, Emboldened by Lebanon, Rise Up in Tense Syria". The New York Times.
- ↑ Syria: Investigate Killing of Kurds - Human Rights Watch