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Qamishli

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Qamishli

قامشلي
Qamishli is located in Syrie
Qamishli
Qamishli
Location in Sirie
Coordinates: 37°03′N 41°13′E / 37.050°N 41.217°E / 37.050; 41.217
Kintra Sirie
GovrenorateAl Hasakah
DestrictQamishli
Population
 (2004)Census
 • Total184,231
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)+3
Area code(s)52

Qamishli (Arabic: قامشليQāmišlī, Kurdish: Qamişlo‎, Syriac: ܩܡܫܠܐ Qamišlo or ܒܝܬ ܙܐܠܝ̈ܢ Beṯ Zālin, Turkis: Kamışlı) is a ceety in northeastren Sirie on the mairch wi Turkey, adjoinin the Turkis ceety o Nusaybin, an close tae Iraq. It is pairt o the Al-Hasakah Govrenorate, an is the admeenistrative caipital o the Qamishli Destrict athin the govrenorate.

Etymology

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The ceety wis initially a sma veelage inhabitit bi Assiries/Siriacs cried beṯ zālin (ܒܝܬ ܙܐܠܝ̈ܢ) meanin "hoose o reed". The current name is a turkifeed form o it, whaur "kamış" means "reed" in Turkis.

Demographics

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Wi a population o 184,231 (2004 Census), Qamishli is amang the 10 lairgest ceeties in Sirie.

Qamishli, oreeginally an Assirie/Siriac ceety, in modren times is o mixed ethnic groups predominantly Kurdish, Assiries an Arabs. The Christians o the ceety mainly conseest o Assiries/Siriacs an Armenies. The ceety wis foondit bi Assiries fleein Seyfo in modren Turkey. The day Kurds, Assiries, Arabs an Armenies (aboot 8,500 form which 2,000 are Armenie Catholics[1]) live side bi side in the ceety.

Qamishli wis hame tae a significant Jewish commonty an aw. In the 1930s the Jewish population o Al Qamishli numbered 3,000. Syne 1947, the situation o the Jews o Qamishli deterioratit. Aw Jews employed in govrenment offices wur sackt. Mony Jewish weemen wur impreesoned an beaten wi the appruival o the authorities. Massive immigration o Jews frae Sirie peakit due tae violence, sic as Aleppo pogrom. Bi 1963, the commonty haed dwindled tae 800 persons, an efter the Sax-Day War it went doun further tae 150.

History

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Qamishli is situatit at the base o the Taurus Muntains, locatit near the aurie o auncient Hurrian ceety o Urkesh which wis foondit durin the fowert millennium BC.

The modren ceety wis foondit in 1926 as a railwa station on the Taurus railwa.[2]

Qamishli is the lairgest toun in Al-Hasakah province an it is regardit as the secret caipital o the Kurds, the Assiries/Siriacs claim it tae be thair commonty caipital an aw. It is the centre o the Sirie Kurdish problem.[3]

In Mairch 2004, durin a chaotic soccer match, a riot stairtit when some fowk stairtit raisin separatist Kurdish flags, hailin Barzani an Talabani an US Preses George W. Bush, turnin the match intae poleetical conflict. The riot expanded oot o the stadium an wappens wur uised against polis an civilians o nan-Kurdish backgrund. In the eftermath, at least 30 Kurds wur killed as the security services re-teuk the ceety.[4] The event became kent as "Qamishli massacre".

In Juin 2005, thoosans o Kurds demonstratit in Qamishli tae protest the assassination o Sheikh Khaznawi, a Kurdish cleric in Sirie, resultin in the daith o ane polisman an injury tae fower Kurds.[5][6] In Mairch 2008, accordin tae Human Rights Watch,[7] Sirie security forces opened fire at Kurds celebratin spring festival o Newroz an gatherin for revivin the 2004 riot in Qamishli. The shuitin left three fowk deid.

The ceety is renowned for throwin a lairge Christenmas parade ivery year in December, an celebratin Newroz festival bi a lairge croud ivery year in Mairch.

Climate

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Climate data for Al-Qamishli
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average heich °C (°F) 10.9
(51.6)
12.6
(54.7)
16.7
(62.1)
22.1
(71.8)
29.2
(84.6)
36.1
(97.0)
40.3
(104.5)
39.8
(103.6)
35.4
(95.7)
28.3
(82.9)
19.3
(66.7)
12.7
(54.9)
25.3
(77.5)
Average law °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9)
3.5
(38.3)
6.3
(43.3)
10.3
(50.5)
14.9
(58.8)
20.0
(68.0)
23.5
(74.3)
23.0
(73.4)
19.5
(67.1)
15.0
(59.0)
8.8
(47.8)
4.4
(39.9)
12.7
(54.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 77.5
(3.05)
71.9
(2.83)
68.2
(2.69)
59.0
(2.32)
29.0
(1.14)
2.2
(0.09)
0.3
(0.01)
0.1
(0.00)
0.8
(0.03)
18.0
(0.71)
38.5
(1.52)
66.9
(2.63)
432.4
(17.02)
Average precipitation days 11 11 11 10 6 1 0 0 0 4 7 10 71
Source: World Meteorological Organization

Petroleum

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Al Qamishli haes recently experiencit an economic buim due tae the sploration o petroleum in the Qarah Shuk region 80 km east o Qamishli.

Transportation

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It haes an internaitional airport, Kamishly Airport, wi IATA code KAC.

Chemins de Fer Syriens (the Sirie railwey company) operates a fricht an passenger railwa service tae ither pairts o Sirie.

See an aw

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  1. (in Armenie) Ծննդավայրս՝ Գամիշլի կամ Եղէգնուտ Archived 2012-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Al-Qamishli" - Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006.
  3. "Qantara.de - The Kurds of Syria - An Insecure Stone in the Syrian Mosaic". Archived frae the original on 8 Januar 2011. Retrieved 27 Juin 2012.
  4. James Brandon (15 Februar 2007). "The PKK and Syria's Kurds". Washington, DC 20036, USA: Terrorism Monitor, The Jamestown Foundation. p. Volume 5, Issue 3. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
  5. Blanford, Nicholas (15 Juin 2005). "A murder stirs Kurds in Syria". USA Today.
  6. Fattah, Hassan M. (2 Julie 2005). "Kurds, Emboldened by Lebanon, Rise Up in Tense Syria". The New York Times.
  7. Syria: Investigate Killing of Kurds - Human Rights Watch

Freemit airtins

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