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Justinian I

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Justinian I
Emperor o the Byzantine Empire
Detail o a contemporary portrait mosaic in the Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna.
Ring1 August 527 – 14 November 565
(38 years)
Coronation1 August 527
PredecessorJustin I
SuccessorJustin II
Bornc. 482
Tauresium, Dardania,[1] then part of Diocese of Dacia (in today's Republic of Macedonia[2])
Dee'd14 November 565 (aged 82/83)
Constantinople
BuirialKirk o the Haly Apostles
SpouseTheodora
Full name
Petrus Sabbatius (till ascension)
Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus (as emperor)
DynastyJustinian
FaitherSabbatius
MitherVigilantia
ReleegionChalcedonian Christianity

Justinian I (Laitin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus Augustus, Greek: [Φλάβιος Πέτρος Σαββάτιος Ἰουστινιανός Flávios Pétros Sabbátios Ioustinianós] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help)) (c. 482 – 14 November 565), tradeetionally kent as Justinian the Great an an aa Saunt Justinian the Great in the Eastren Orthodox Kirk, wis a Byzantine (East Roman) emperor frae 527 tae 565. In his ring, Justinian socht tae revive the empire's greatness an reconquer the lost wastren hauf o the historical Roman Empire. Justinian's rule constitutes a distinct epoch in the history o the Later Roman empire, an his ring is merkit bi the ambeetious but anerly pairtly realised renovatio imperii, or "restoration o the Empire".[3]

Acause o his restoration activities, Justinian haes whilees been kent as the "last Roman" in modren historiografie.[4] This ambeetion wis expressed bi the pairtial rekivery o the territories o the defunct Wastren Roman Empire.[5] His general, Belisarius, swiftly conquered the Vandal Kinrick in North Africae. Subsequently, Belisarius, Narses, an ither generals conquered the Ostrogothic kinrick, restorin Dalmatie, Sicily, Italy, an Roum tae the empire efter mair nor hauf a century o rule bi the Ostrogoths. The prefect Liberius reclaimed the sooth o the Iberian peninsula, establishin the province o Spania. Thir campaigns re-established Roman control ower the wastren Mediterranean, increasin the Empire's annual revenue bi ower a million solidi.[6] In his ring, Justinian an aw subdued the Tzani, a fowk on the east coast o the Black Sea that haed niver been unner Roman rule afore.[7]

A still mair resonant aspect o his legacy wis the uniform rewritin o Roman law, the Corpus Juris Civilis, that is still the basis o ceevil law in mony modren states.[8] His ring an aw merkit a blossomin o Byzantine cultur, an his biggin programme yieldit sic masterpieces as the kirk o Hagia Sophia.

References

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  1. ↑ Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2008, ISBN 1593394926, p. 1007.
  2. ↑ History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene, Volume 2, J. B. Bury, Cosimo, Inc., 2008, ISBN 1605204056, p. 7.
  3. ↑ J. F. Haldon, Byzantium in the seventh century (Cambridge, 2003), 17–19.
  4. ↑ For instance bi George Philip Baker (Justinian, New York 1938), or in the Outline of Great Books series (Justinian the Great).
  5. ↑ On the wastren Roman Empire, see nou H. Börm, Westrom (Stuttgart 2013).
  6. ↑ "History 303: Finances under Justinian". Tulane.edu. Archived frae the original on 9 Mairch 2008. Retrieved 14 November 2012. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Evans, J. A. S., The Age of Justinian: the circumstances of imperial power. pp. 93–94
  8. ↑ John Henry Merryman and Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo, The Civil Law Tradition: An Introduction to the Legal Systems of Europe and Latin America, 3rd ed. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007), pp. 9–11.
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