Joan o Arc
Saunt Joan o Arc or The Maid o Orléans (French: Jeanne d'Arc,[1] IPA: [ʒan daʁk]; ca. 1412[2] – 30 May 1431) is considered a naitional heroine o France an a Catholic saunt. A peasant girl born in eastren France who claimed Divine guidance, she led the French army tae several important victories durin the Hunder Years' War which paved the wey for the coronation o Charles VII. She wis captured bi the Burgundians, sold tae the Inglis, tried bi an ecclesiastical court, an burned at the stake when she wis nineteen years auld.
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Twintie-five years efter the execution, Pope Callixtus III examint the trial, pronouncit her innocent an declarit her a martyr. She wis beeteefit in 1909 an canonized in 1920.[2] She is, alang wi St. Denis, St. Martin o Tours, St. Louis IX, an St. Theresa of Lisieux, ane o the patron saints of Fraunce.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Her name was written in a variety of weys, particularly prior to the mid-19th century. See Pernoud and Clin, pp. 220–221. She reportedly signed her name as "Jehanne" (see www.stjoan-center.com/Album/, parts 47 and 49; it is also noted in Pernoud and Clin).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Modern biographical summaries aften assert a birthdate o Januar 6t for Joan. In fact, houever, she coud ae estimate her awn age. All of the rehabilitation-trial witnesses likewise estimated her age even tho' several o these fowk wur her godmithers an godfathers. The 6 January claim is based on a single source: a letter from Lord Perceval de Boullainvilliers on 21 July 1429 (see Pernoud's Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses, p. 98: "Boulainvilliers tells of her birth in Domrémy, an it is he who gives us an exact date, which may be the true one, saying that she was born on the nicht of Epiphany, 6 January"). Boulainvilliers, however, wis not from Domrémy. The event was probably not recorded. The practice of parish registers for non-noble births did not begin until several generations later.
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