Ferm

A ferm in Canadae

A ferm (whiles cried a ‘toun’ forbye) is a track o laund that is devote feckly tae growin plaunts an/or feshin up beasts for meat, for ordnar for tae sell thaim. The wird is uised for mony sindry kinds o ferms siclike as pleuch-ferms, fruit an vegetable ferms, milk ferms, swine an pootrie ferms, an laund uised for makin naitral feebers, biofuel an ither waarin. The term taks in the haa an steidin alang wi the laund. Thir days, the term haes been raxed tae tak in siclike industrial operations as wind ferms an fish ferms, the baith o whilk can be on laund or at sea.

There is aboot 570 million ferms in the warld, maistly guided bi faimilies. Smaw ferms wi less nor 2 hectares o laund mak up 12% o the warld’s fermin laund, an faimilie ferms mak up the ither 75%.

Ferms in developed kintras are aftentimes run wi graith. In the Unitit States, ferm-stockin can be feshed up on girsin laund an fed in cattle-closes, an modren graith haes reducit the feck o ferm-wirkers nott for growin craps. In Europe, aulder faimilie ferms are giein wey tae muckler throu-pit units. In Austrailie, a puckle o ferms are unco muckle, because the laund cannae uphaud muckle fecks o beasts ower the heids o the climate an condeetions. In less developed kintras, smaw ferms are common, an the feck o laundwart fowk are peasant fermers, meatin their faimilies an sellin ony orra ootcome at the local mairket.

Fowk that growes plaunts or feshes up beasts on a ferm is cried fermers. This kind o thrift is cried fermin.

Etymology

The wird comes frae Auld Scots „ferme“, oreeginally meanin „settin o laund“ or „mail“, an this comes frae Medieval Latin firma, meanin siccer peyment, as weel as Auld French ferme, meanin sett, or sett ferm, baith haein their ruits in the classical Laitin adjective firmus meanin strang, siccer, stieve.

Historie

Fermin haes its ruits in whit is cried the Neolithic Revolution, whilk first begoud aboot 12,000 year syne. At the hinner-end o the Paleolithic time, fowk shiftit frae gaitherin or huntin their meat tae fermin. They stertit growin white, barley, pizz, an lentils, an come time stertit feshin up sheep, swine an gaits. Fermin first stertit in the Near East an syne raxed tae Europe. Gin aboot 4,000 BC, fowk that bade in mid-Europe war uisin owsen tae pou the pleuchs an wains. Muckle chynges in fermin pratticks war brocht aboot wi the Breetish Fermin Revolution atween the 17t an 19t centuries, as weel as the Green Revolution durin the 20t century.

Kinds of Ferms

There are mony sindry kinds o ferms. Common specialist kinds wad be milk, pootry, meal corn, as weel as fruit an vegetable anes. A puckle ferms michtna uise the wird ata, for ensample vineyairds, or muckle places uised for growin craps siclike as coffee or cotton (the whilk can be cried plantins).

A ferm can be awned an operat bi a aesome body, faimily, commonty, corporation, or a company, an micht throu-pit ane or mony kinds o ootcome, an can be a haudin o ony size. For ensample, the owerheid size o ferms in India is anelie 1.33 hectares, while in Australia they can be mony thoosands o hectares.

Ferm-Steadings

Ferms hae byordnar kinds o biggins tae fordel ootcome an gie bield tae beasts. The haa (or ferm-hoose) sairves as the hame for the faimilies an wirkers, giein them someplace tae bide that is nearhand the beasts an craps. A puckle biggins, for ensample corn-lafts, can be used for haudin beasts or for fordelin meal corn an hey, or graith. On milk ferms, a milk-hoose is a wechty biggin that is uised for milkin kye, as weel as fordelin the milk ontil a tanker comes tae get it. Anither byordnar biggin is a silo, whilk is a heich biggin uised for fordelin stuffs, as in white or aits. They can likewise be uised for barmed meat, kent as silage, for baitin nowt an ither fermyaird beasts.