See soorce fer Capper

{{Fixscots}}
{{Infobox copper}}
'''Capper''' is a [[Chemistry|chemical]] [[element]] in the periodic cairt that haes the seembol '''Cu''' ([[Laitin|L.:]] ''Cuprum'') an atomic nummer 29. It is a [[ductile]] metal wi vera heich thermal an electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface o pure capper has a [[Capper (colour)|reiddish-orange colour]]. Capper is uised as a conductor o heat an electricity, as a [[biggin material#Metal|biggin material]], an as a constituent o various metal [[alloy]]s, sic as [[sterling siller]] uised in [[jewelry]], [[cupronickel]] uised tae mak marine haurdware an [[cunyies]], an [[constantan]] uised in [[strain gauge]]s an [[thermocouples]] for temperatur meisurment.

Capper is ane o the few metals that can occur in naitur in a directly uisable metallic form ([[native metal]]s). This led tae verra early human uise in several regions, frae c. 8000 BC. Thoosands o years later, it wis the first metal tae be [[Smeltin|smeltit]] frae sulfide ores, c. 5000 BC, the first metal tae be cast intae a shape in a mauld, c. 4000 BC an the first metal tae be purposefully alloyed wi anither metal, [[tin]], tae creaut [[bronze]], c. 3500 BC.<ref  name="EncBrit">{{cite book |editor1-last=McHenry |editor1-first=Charles |title=The New Encyclopedia Britannica |date=1992 |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. |location=Chicago |isbn=0-85229-553-7 |page=612 |volume=3 |edition=15}}</ref>

In the [[auncient Rome|Roman era]], capper wis principally mined on [[Cyprus]], the oreegin o the name o the metal, fae ''aes cyprium'' (metal o Cyprus), later corruptit tae ''cuprum'' (Latin), frae that the wirds derived.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/copper|publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary|title=Copper|date=2018|accessdate=22 August 2018}}</ref>

The commonly encoontert compoonds are capper(II) sauts, that eften impairt blue or green colours tae sic minerals as [[azurite]], [[malachite]], an [[turquoise]], an hae been uised widely an historically as pigments.

Capper uised in biggins, uisually for ruifin, oxidises tae form a green [[verdigris]] (or [[patina]]). Capper is whiles uised in [[decorative airt]], baith in its elemental metal form an in compoonds as pigments. Capper compoonds are used as [[bacteriostatic augent]]s, [[fungicide]]s, an wid preservatives.

Copper is essential tae aw leevin organisms as a trace [[dietar mineral]] acause it is a key constituent o the respiratory enzyme complex [[cytochrome c oxidase]]. In [[molluscs]] an [[crustacea]]ns, capper is a constituent o the bluid pigment [[hemocyanin]], replaced bi the airn-complexed [[hemoglobin]] in fish an ither [[vertebrate]]s. In humans, capper is foond mainly in the liver, muscle, an bane.<ref>{{cite web |editor-last = Johnson, MD PhD |editor-first = Larry E. |title = Copper |work = Merck Manual Home Health Handbook |publisher = Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc. |date = 2008 |url = http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/disorders_of_nutrition/minerals/copper.html |accessdate = 7 April 2013 |archive-date = 2016-03-07 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160307024751/http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/disorders_of_nutrition/minerals/copper.html |url-status = dead }}</ref> The adult body contains atween 1.4 and 2.1&nbsp;mg of copper per kilogram of body weight.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.copper.org/consumers/health/cu_health_uk.html|title=Copper in human health}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Periodic cairt}}

[[Category:Capper| ]]
[[Category:Chemical elements]]
[[Category:Dietary meenerals]]
[[Category:Electrical conductors]]
[[Category:Seembols o Utah]]
[[Category:Transeetion metals]]
[[Category:Biology an pharmacology o chemical elements]]
[[Category:Cubic meenerals]]