Yakutsk

Yakutsk (Inglis) Якутск (Roushie) Дьокуускай (Sakha)
-  CeetyTemplate:Citation needed  - Template:Small
View of the city from the Geological Institute collections area
Location o the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Roushie
<div style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: %; left: 45.1%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;"> Yakutsk
Coordinates: 62°02′N 129°44′E
Coat of arms	Flag
Ceety Day	Seicont Sunday o SeptemberTemplate:Citation needed
Admeenistrative status (as of 2009)
Kintra	Roushie
Federal subject	Sakha Republic
Administratively subordinated to	Yakutsk Ceety o Republic SignificanceTemplate:Citation needed
Caipital o	Sakha RepublicTemplate:Citation needed
Admeenistrative center o	Yakutsk Ceety o Republic SignificanceTemplate:Citation needed
Municipal status
Urban okrug	Yakutsk Urban OkrugTemplate:Citation needed
Admeenistrative center o	Yakutsk Urban OkrugTemplate:Citation needed
HeadTemplate:Citation needed	Yury ZabolevTemplate:Citation needed
Representative body	Okrug CooncilTemplate:Citation needed
Statistics
Area	121.93 km2 ({{rnd/cdec||()}} sq mi)Template:Citation needed
Population (2010 Census, preliminary)	269,486 inhabitants
- Rank in 2010	68t
Population (2002 Census)	210,642 inhabitants
- Rank in 2002	89t
Density	Template:Convert//km2
Time zone	Template:RussiaTimeZone
Founded	25 September 1632Template:Citation needed
Postal code(s)	677xxxTemplate:Citation needed
Dialing code(s)	+7 4112
Offeecial wabsteid

Yakutsk (Roushie: Яку́тск‎; Template:Lang-sah, Template:IPA-xx) is the caipital ceety o the Sakha Republic, Roushie, locatit aboot 450 kilometers ({{rnd/cdec||()}} mi) south of the Arctic Circle. Population:269,486 (2010 Census preliminary results); 210,642 (2002 Census); 186,626 (1989 Census).

Yakutsk is a major port on the Lena River. It is servit bi Yakutsk Airport as well as the smawer Magan Airport. It is a major suppleer o diamonds.

History

Yakutsk wis foondit as an ostrog (fort) bi Pyotr Beketov in 1632. In 1639, it became the center o a voyevodstvo. The voivode o Yakutsk quickly became the maist important Roushie offeecial in the region an directit expansion tae the east an sooth. Yakutsk did no grow intae a ceety till the discovery o lairge reserves o gowd an ither minerals in the 1880s an 1890s. These reserves wur developed extensively durin industrialization unner Stalin. The rapid growth o forcit labor camps in Siberie wis an aw a major factor encouragin Yakutsk's development.

Admeenistrative an municipal status

As an inhabitit locality, Yakutsk is classifeed as the ceety unner republic jurisdiction. Administratively, alang wi the settlement o Zhatay an fower rural localities, it is incorporatit as Yakutsk Ceety o Republic Significance—an admeenistrative unit wi a status equal tae that o the destricts.

Municipally, Yakutsk an the fower rural localities are incorporatit as Yakutsk Urban Okrug. The settlement o Zhatay is no a pairt o Yakutsk Urban Okrug an is independently incorporatit as Zhatay Urban Okrug.

Transport

Yakutsk is a destination o the Lena Heich-gate. The ceety's connection tae the heichgate is anerlie accessible bi ferry in the simmer, or in the deid o winter, directly ower the frozen Lena River, as Yakutsk lees entirely on its wastren bank, an there is nae brig onywhaur in the Sakha Republic that crosses the Lena. The river is impassable for lang periods o the year when it is full o loose ice, or when the ice cover is no sufficiently thick tae support traffic, or when the watter level is heich an the river turbulent wi Ware floodin. The heich-gate ends on the eastren bank o Lena in Nizhny Bestyakh (Нижний Бестях), an urban-type settlement o some fower thoosan fowk. Yakutsk is connectit wi Magadan bi the Kolyma Heich-gate.

A dual-uise railroad an roadwey brig ower the Lena is scheduled tae be built by 2013, when the Amur Yakutsk Mainline, the North-Sooth railroad being extendit frae the Sooth, will feenally connect the ceety wi the East-Wast Baikal Amur Mainline (the railwey haes reached a point some 260 km sooth o Yakutsk).

The brig will be ower Template:Convert/LoffAoffDbSon lang an constructit 40 kilometers ({{rnd/cdec||()}} mi) upriver at Tabaga, where the river narraes an does no create a wide floodit aurie in the Ware. In the deid o winter, the frozen Lena makes for a passable heich-gate for ice truckers uisin its channel tae deliver proveesions tae far-flung ootposts. Yakutsk is an aw connectit tae ither pairts of Roushie bi Yakutsk Airport.

Education

Yakutsk State University is situatit in the ceety. There is an aw a branch o the Roushie Academy o Sciences, which contains, amang ither things, the Institute o Cosmophysical Research, which runs the Yakutsk Extensive Air Shower installation (ane o the lairgest cosmic-ray detector arrays in the warld), an the Permafrost Research Institute developit wi the aim o solvin the serious an costly problems associatit wi construction o biggins on frozen soil.

At the primary an seicontary levels, the ceety haes a number o UNESCO Associated Schools, includin the Sakha-Turkish College, Sakha-French School, Sakha-Korean School, an School #16.

Yakutsk is an aw hame o some theaters an museums such as Sakha theater an the Mammoth Museum.

Economy

Mony minin companies hae offices in Yakutsk includin ALROSA, whose diamond mines in Yakutie accoont for aboot 20% o the warld's rough diamond ootput.

The airline Yakutia Airlines haes its heid office in the ceety.

Climate

Wi an extreme subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfd), Yakutsk haes the cauldest winter temperaturs for ony ceety, though no for ony inhabitit place, on Earth. Average monthly temperaturs range frae Template:Convert/°C in Julie tae Template:Convert/°C in Januar, an anerlie Norilsk haes a lawer mean annual temperatur for ony settlement o ower 10,000. The cauldest temperaturs iver recordit on the planet ootside Antarcticae occurred in the basin o the Yana River tae the northeast o Yakutsk. Although winters are lang an extremely cauld, simmers are warm (though rather short), wi daily maximum temperaturs occasionally exceedin Template:Convert/°C, makkin the saisonal temperatur differences for the region amang the greatest in the warld. As the biggest ceety built on continuous permafrost, maist hooses in Yakutsk are built on concrete piles.

The climate is quite dry, wi maximum precipitation occurrin in the simmer months, due tae the intense Siberie Heich formin aroond the vera cauld continental air durin the winter. Even durin the simmer, precipitation is no hivy syne the moist sootheasterly winds frae the Paceefic Ocean lose their moistur ower the coastal muntains well afore reachin the Lena valley.

Wi the Lena River navigable in the simmer, there are various boat cruises affered, includin upriver tae the Lena Pillars, an dounriver tours which visit spectacular scenery in the lawer reaches an the Lena delta. Template:Weather box

Internaitional relations

See an aw: Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie

Twin towns an sister ceeties

Yakutsk is twinned wi:

• Changwon, Republic o Korea
• Fairbanks, Alaska, Unitit States
• Harbin, Heilongjiang, Cheenae
• Murayama, Japan
• Yellowknife, Northwast Territories, Canadae

Yakutsk images

• 

  Oyuunsky Square. The new building of the Sakha Theater is on the left.

• 

  The Lena River in Yakutsk

• 

  The tower of ostrog, or fort, in Yakutsk was constructed in 1683

• 

  Kulakovsky Street at night. On the left, the university's Sciences Building.

External links

Wikimedia Commons haes media adae wi:

Yakutsk

• Sakha life
• Yakutsk State University
• Lena Pillars at Natural Heritage Protection Fund
• Yakutsk past and present: a photo gallery at the Ministry of Construction of the Sakha Republic website (Roushie)
• Yakutsk at AskYakutia.com
• Yakutsk at eYakutia - English Yakutia
• Flickr photos tagged Yakutsk