See soorce fer Vladimir Putin

{{Infobox officeholder
|birth_name=Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin
|name           = Vladimir Putin
|native_name = Владимир Путин
|native_name_lang = ru
|image          = Владимир Путин (08-03-2024) (cropped).jpg
|caption         = Putin in 2024
|office1         = [[Preses o Roushie]]
|primeminister1  = [[Viktor Zubkov]]<br>[[Dmitry Medvedev]]
|term_start1     = 7 Mey 2012
|term_end1       =
|predecessor1    = Dmitry Medvedev
|successor1      =
|primeminister2 = [[Mikhail Kasyanov]]<br>[[Mikhail Fradkov]]<br>[[Viktor Zubkov]]
|term_start2    = 7 Mey 2000
|term_end2      = 7 Mey 2008<br><small>Acting: 31 December 1999 – 7 Mey 2000</small>
|predecessor2  = [[Boris Yeltsin]]
|successor2     = [[Dmitry Medvedev]]
|office3        = [[Prime Meenister o Roushie]]
|president3     = [[Dmitry Medvedev]]
|deputy3        = [[Igor Shuvalov]]
|term_start3    = 8 Mey 2008
|term_end3      = 7 Mey 2012
|predecessor3   = [[Viktor Zubkov]]
|successor3     = [[Viktor Zubkov]]
|president4     = [[Boris Yeltsin]]
|deputy4        = [[Viktor Khristenko]]<br>[[Mikhail Kasyanov]]
|term_start4    = 9 August 1999
|term_end4      = 7 Mey 2000<br><small>Acting: 9 August 1999 – 16 August 1999
|predecessor4   = [[Sergei Stepashin]]
|successor4     = [[Mikhail Kasyanov]]
|office5        = [[Unitit Roushie|Leader o Unitit Roushie]]
|term_start5    = 1 Januar 2008
|term_end5      = 30 Mey 2012
|predecessor5   = [[Boris Gryzlov]]
|successor5     = [[Dmitry Medvedev]]
|office6        = [[Federal Security Service (Roushie)|Director o the Federal Security Service]]
|president6     = [[Boris Yeltsin]]
|term_start6    = 25 Julie 1998
|term_end6      = 29 Mairch 1999
|predecessor6   = [[Nikolay Kovalyov (politeecian)|Nikolay Kovalyov]]
|successor6     = [[Nikolai Patrushev]]
|birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1952|10|7|df=y}}
|birth_place    = [[Saunt Petersburg|Leningrad]], [[Roushie Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
|death_date     =
|death_place    =
|party          = [[Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union]] <small>(1975-1991)</small><br>[[Oor Hame – Roushie]] <small>(1995–1999)</small><br>[[Unity (Roushie poleetical pairty)|Unity]] <small>(1999–2001)</small><br>[[Independent (politeecian)|Independent]] <small>(1991–1995; 2001–2008)</small><br>[[Unitit Roushie]] <small>(2008–present)</small>
|otherparty     = [[Fowk's Front for Roushie]] <small>(2011–present)</small>
|spouse         = {{marriage|[[Lyudmila Putina]]|1983|2013}}
|children       = Mariya<br>Yekaterina
|religion       = [[Roushie Orthodoxy]]
|alma_mater     = [[Saunt Petersburg State Varsity|Leningrad State Varsity]]
|signature      = Putin signature.svg
|website        = {{Official website|http://eng.putin.kremlin.ru}}
|allegiance     = {{USSR}}
|branch         = [[KGB]]
|serviceyears   = 1975–1991
|rank           = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
|awards         =  [[File:Orden of Honour.png|40 px|link=Order o Honour (Roushie Federation)]]
}}
'''Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin''' ({{lang-ru|Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин|p=vɫɐˈdʲimʲɪr vɫɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvʲɪtɕ ˈputʲɪn|a=ru-Putin.ogg}}; born 7 October 1952) is a [[Roushie]] politeecian that is [[Leet o Preses o the Roushie Federation|seicont]] [[Preses o Roushie|Preses o the]] [[Roushie]] Federation the nou an wis the [[Prime Meenister o Roushie]], as weel as chairman o [[Unitit Roushie]] an Chairman o the Cooncil o Meenisters o the [[Union State]]. He became [[Preses o Roushie|actin Preses]] on 31 December 1999, whan preses [[Boris Yeltsin]] resigned in a surprisin muive. Putin wan the [[:en:Russian presidential election, 2000|2000 presidential election]] an in 2004 he wis [[:en:Russian presidential election, 2004|re-elected]] for a seicont term lastin till 7 Mey 2008. He wis reelect in 2012.

For 16 year Putin wis an officer in the [[KGB]], risin tae the rank o [[Podpolkovnik|Lieutenant Colonel]] afore he retired tae enter politics in his native [[Saunt Petersburg]] in 1991. He flittit tae Moscow in 1996 an jyned Preses [[Boris Yeltsin]]'s admeenistration whaur he rose tite, acomin [[Actin Preses o the Roushie Federation|Actin Preses]] on 31 December 1999 whan Yeltsin  unexpectit resigned. Putin won the subsequent [[Roushie presidential election, 2000|2000 presidential election]], despite widespread accusations o vote-riggin,<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/919928.stm</ref> an wis [[Roushie presidential election, 2004|reelectit in 2004]]. Acause o [[Constitution o Roushie|constitutionally mandatit term leemits]], Putin wis ineligible tae run for a third consecutive presidential term in 2008. [[Dmitry Medvedev]] won the [[Roushie presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential election]] an appyntit Putin as [[Prime Meenister o Roushie|Prime Meenister]], beginnin a period o sae-caed [[Duumvirate|"tandemocracy"]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hale|first=Henry E.|author2=Timothy J. Colton|date=8 September 2009|title=Russians and the Putin-Medvedev "Tandemocracy": A Survey-Based Portrait of the 2007–08 Election Season|journal=The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research|publisher=University of Washington|location=Seattle, WA|url=http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2009_823-03_2_Hale.pdf|accessdate=15 March 2012|archive-date=2012-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609172645/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2009_823-03_2_Hale.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> In September 2011, follaein a chynge in the law extendin the presidential term frae fower year tae sax,<ref>Vasilyeva, Natallya.  [http://www.chinapost.com.tw/international/2012/04/12/337618/Putin-claims.htm "Putin claims to support term limits as he readies to take helm for 3rd time"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828204922/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/international/2012/04/12/337618/Putin-claims.htm |date=2014-08-28 }}, ''[[China Post]]'' (12 April 2012).</ref> Putin annoonced that he wad seek a third, non-consecutive term as Preses in the [[Russian presidential election, 2012|2012 presidential election]], an announcement that led tae [[2011–13 Roushie protests|lairge-scale protests in mony Roushie ceeties]]. In Mairch 2012, he won the election, that wis criticized for procedural irregularities, an is servin a sax-year term.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://en.rian.ru/russia/20120304/171708401.html |title=Putin Hails Vote Victory, Opponents Cry Foul |agency=RIA Novosti |accessdate=22 June 2013 |archive-date=2013-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731182616/http://en.rian.ru/russia/20120304/171708401.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theworldreporter.com/2012/03/elections-in-russia-world-awaits-for.html|title=Elections in Russia: World Awaits for Putin to Reclaim the Kremlin|date=March 2012|publisher=The World Reporter|accessdate=March 2012|archive-date=2019-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009110037/https://www.theworldreporter.com/2012/03/elections-in-russia-world-awaits-for.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Mony o Putin's actions are regardit bi the domestic opposeetion an foreign observers as undemocratic.<ref>{{cite web|author=Treisman, D|title=Is Russia's Experiment with Democracy Over?|url=http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=16294|publisher=UCLA International Institute|accessdate=31 December 2007|archive-date=2004-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041111074502/http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=16294|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 2011 [[Democracy Index]] statit that Roushie wis in "a lang process o regression [that] culminatit in a move frae a hybrid tae an [[authoritarian]] regime" in view o Putin's candidacy an flawed pairlamentary elections.<ref>[[Democracy Index]] 2011, http://www.sida.se/Global/About%20Sida/Så%20arbetar%20vi/EIU_Democracy_Index_Dec2011.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617042553/http://www.sida.se/Global/About%20Sida/S%C3%A5%20arbetar%20vi/EIU_Democracy_Index_Dec2011.pdf |date=2012-06-17 }}</ref> In 2014, Roushie wis temporarily suspendit frae the [[G8]] group as a result o its [[annexation o Crimea]].<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/ U.S., other powers kick Russia out of G8], CNN</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-temporarily-kicked-out-of-g8-club-of-rich-countries-2014-3 |title=Russia Temporarily Kicked Out Of G8 Club Of Rich Countries |publisher=Business Insider |date=2013-06-18 |accessdate=2014-03-25}}</ref>

During Putin's first premiership an presidency (1999–2008) real incomes in Roushie rose bi a factor o 2.5, while real wages mair nor tripled; unemployment an poverty mair nor halved. Roushies' self-assessed life satisfaction rose signeeficantly an aa.<ref name="challenges_p12">{{cite book|editors=Anders Åslund, Sergei Guriev, Andrew C. Kuchins|title=Russia After the Global Economic Crisis|url=https://archive.org/details/russiaaftergloba00aslu|chapter=Challenges Facing the Russian Economy after the Crisis|last1=Guriev|first1=Sergei|last2=Tsyvinski|first2=Aleh|publisher=Peterson Institute for International Economics; Centre for Strategic and International Studies; New Economic School|year=2010|isbn=9780881324976|pages=[https://archive.org/details/russiaaftergloba00aslu/page/12 12]–13}}</ref> Putin's first presidency wis markit bi heich economic growth: the [[Roushie economy]] grew for aicht year, seein GDP increase bi 72% in [[Purchasing pouer parity|PPP]] (as for nominal GDP, 600%).<ref name="challenges_p12"/><ref name=nbc>{{cite news|title=Russians weigh Putin's protégé|agency=Associated Press|location=Moscow|date=3 May 2008|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24443419/print/1/displaymode/1098/|accessdate=29 December 2008}}</ref><ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=52&pr.y=13&sy=1992&ey=2007&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=922&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP&grp=0&a=GDP of Russia from 1992 to 2007] [[International Monetary Fund]]. Retrieved 12 May 2008</ref><ref name=stats>{{cite news |url=http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20080301/100381963.html |title=Russia's economy under Vladimir Putin: achievements and failures |agency=RIA Novosti |accessdate=22 June 2013 |archive-date=2013-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913020517/http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20080301/100381963.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=russiaprofile>[http://russiaprofile.org/politics/a1187177738.html Putin's Economy&nbsp;– Eight Years On]. Russia Profile, 15 August 2007. Retrieved 23 April 2008</ref> This growth wis a combined result o the [[2000s commodities boom]], heich ile prices, as weel as prudent economic an fiscal policies.<ref>''Putin: Russia's Choice'', (Routledge 2007), by [[Richard Sakwa]], Chapter 9</ref><ref>''Fragile Empire: How Russia Fell In and Out of Love with Vladimir Putin'', Yale University Press (2013), by Ben Judah, page 17</ref>

As Roushie's preses, Putin an the [[Federal Assembly (Roushie)|Federal Assembly]] passed intae law a flat [[income tax]] o 13%, a reduced profits tax, an new land an legal codes.<ref name=progress>{{cite web|url=http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2004/06/b99061.html|title=The Putin Paradox|publisher=Americanprogress.org|date=24 June 2004|accessdate=2 March 2010|archive-date=2012-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513113229/http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2004/06/b99061.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=sharlet>{{cite book|last=Sharlet|first=Robert|title=Developments in Russian Politics|editor=White, Gitelman, Sakwa|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2005|volume=6|chapter=In Search of the Rule of Law|isbn=0-8223-3522-0}}</ref> As Prime Meenister, Putin owersaw lairge-scale [[Roushie militar reform|militar]] an [[Roushie polis reform|polis reform]]. His [[energy policy o Roushie|energy policy]] haes affirmed Roushie's poseetion as an [[energy superpouer]].<ref>[http://www.carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail&id=860&&prog=zru How Sustainable is Russia's Future as an Energy Superpower?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712025414/http://carnegieendowment.org/events/index.cfm?fa=eventDetail |date=2016-07-12 }}, by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 16 March 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.ncsj.org/AuxPages/051302Energy.shtml Russia: The 21st Century's Energy Superpower?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013144848/http://www.ncsj.org/AuxPages/051302Energy.shtml |date=2006-10-13 }}, by Fiona Hill, The Brookings Institution, 5 October 2002</ref> Putin supportit heich-tech industries lik the [[nuclear pouer in Roushie|nuclear]] an [[defence industry o Roushie|defence industries]]. A rise in foreign investment<ref>[http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/business/invest/in_inv1.htm ПОСТУПЛЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ ПО ТИПАМ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213073312/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/business/invest/in_inv1.htm |date=2022-02-13 }} [[Rosstat]]</ref> contreibutit tae a boom in such sectors as the [[automotive industry o Russia|automotive industry]]. Housamever, caipital investment recently dropped 2.5% acause o the crisis in Ukraine accordin tae forecasts bi economists frae the [[IMF]].<ref>{{cite web|title=IMF cuts Russia 2014 growth outlook, cites Ukraine risk|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/30/us-russia-economy-imf-idUSBREA3T07H20140430|website=Reuters|access-date=2015-02-28|archive-date=2015-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214011208/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/30/us-russia-economy-imf-idUSBREA3T07H20140430|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Current G8 Leaders}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Putin, Vladimir}}
[[Category:Vladimir Putin| ]]
[[Category:1952 births]]
[[Category:2003 Tuzla island conflict]]
[[Category:Actin Preses o Roushie]]
[[Category:Directors o the Federal Security Service]]
[[Category:Eastren Orthodox Christians frae Roushie]]
[[Category:FSB officers]]
[[Category:Grand Croix o the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Heids o govrenment o the Roushie Federation]]
[[Category:Independent politeecians]]
[[Category:KGB officers]]
[[Category:Kyokushin kaikan practeetioners]]
[[Category:Livin fowk]]
[[Category:Oor Hame – Roushie politeecians]]
[[Category:Fowk frae Saunt Petersburg]]
[[Category:Fowk o the 2014 Crimean crisis]]
[[Category:Fowk o the Chechen wars]]
[[Category:Fowk o the Roushie-Georgie War]]
[[Category:Plagiarism controversies]]
[[Category:Preses o Roushie]]
[[Category:Recipients o the Order o St. Sava]]
[[Category:Recipients o the Order o Zayed]]
[[Category:Roushie judoka]]
[[Category:Roushie karateka]]
[[Category:Roushie Orthodox Christians]]
[[Category:Roushie sambo practeetioners]]
[[Category:Saunt Petersburg State Varsity alumni]]
[[Category:Unitit Roushie politeecians]]


{{Stub/RoushiePoliteecian}}