See soorce fer Urdu

{{Infobox language
|name={{transl|ur|ISO|Urdu}}
|nativename={{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|ur|اردو}}}} Lashkari (لشکری)
|pronunciation={{IPA-hns|ˈʊrd̪u|lang}}
|image=URDUARAB.PNG
|imagesize=200px
|imagecaption='''Urdu''' in [[Persian alphabet|Perso-Arabic]] script <br>([[Nastaʿlīq script|Nastaʿlīq]] style)
|states= [[Pakistan]], [[Indie]], [[Bangladesh]] ("Bihari"), [[Nepal]]<!--, [[Mauritius]], [[Sooth Africae]]--><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/urd | title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Seventeenth edition, Urdu | publisher=Ethnologue | accessdate=March 5, 2013}}</ref>
|region =
|speakers = 66 million
|date     = 2007
|ref      = <ref>[[Nationalencyklopedin]] "Världens 100 största språk 2007" The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007</ref>
|speakers2=Tot (only Urdu): 104 million (2010)<ref>{{cite web|last=Katsiavriades, Qureshi|first=Kryss, Talaat|title=The 30 Most Spoken Languages of the World|url=http://www.krysstal.com/spoken.html|accessdate=5 March 2013}}</ref>
<br>Tot (includin [[Hindi]]): 490 million (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/other/guide/urdu/steps.shtml |title=A Guide to Urdu |publisher=BBC |date= |accessdate=2012-01-31 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120525125610/www.bbc.co.uk/languages/other/guide/urdu/steps.shtml |archivedate=2012-05-25 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=[[Indo-Iranian leids|Indo-Iranian]]
|fam3=[[Indo-Aryan leids|Indo-Aryan]]
|fam4=[[Central zone]]
|fam5=[[Wastren Hindi]]
|fam6=[[Hindustani leid|Hindustani]]<ref name=ELL2>{{ELL2|Hindustani}}</ref>
|fam7= Seann Punjabi<ref>Bailey, T. Grahame. "Urdu: the Name and the Language." The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2 (1930): 391-400.</ref><ref>Khalid, Kanwal. "LAHORE DURING THE GHANAVID PERIOD."</ref>
|script=[[Arabic script|Arabic]] ([[Urdu alphabet]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Nastaʿlīq script|Nastaʿlīq]])<br>[[Devanagari]]<br>[[Urdu Braille]]
|nation={{flag|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag|Indie}} (states o [[Jammu an Kashmir]],<br> [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Delhi]])
|agency=[[Naitional Leid Authority]] (Pakistan);<br /> [[Naitional Cooncil for Promotion o Urdu Leid|Naitional Cooncil for Promotion <br>o Urdu Leid]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urducouncil.nic.in/ |title=National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language |publisher=Urducouncil.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2011-12-18}}</ref> (Indie)
|iso1=ur|iso2=urd|iso3=urd|lingua=59-AAF-q (wi Hindi,<br>includin 58 varieties:<br> 59-AAF-qaa tae 59-AAF-qil)
|map=Urdu_official-language_areas.png
|mapcaption={{legend|#FFCC2E|Auries where Urdu is offeecial or cooffeecial}}
{{legend|#FDF72F|(Ither) auries where Hindi is offeecial}}
|notice=
}}

'''Urdu''' {{IPA|ˈ|urdu}} ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|'''اُردُو'''}}}}, {{transl|ur|''Urdū''}}, {{IPA-hns|ʊrˈd̪u|pron|hi-Urdu.ogg}}), forby said '''Lashkari''' ('''لشکری''' ˈləʃkəri)<ref>http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/uoc/PDF-FILES/(13)%20Kanwal%20Khalid-90-3-2015.pdf</ref>, is the heidmaist leid that is spak in [[Pakistan]]. It is in mony weys seemilar tae [[Hindi]] whan spak (the twa is mutually intelligable) it haes a different writin seestem that's taen frae the [[Arabic]]. There's 60-80 million native speakers, an 160 million tot.



{{-}}
====== Letter Names and [[Phoneme]]s ======

{| class="wikitable sortable" style=text-align:center
|- 
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Isolated<br/>[[Letter (alphabet)|Letter]]<br/> {{ref|Nastaliq_forms|[N]}} 
! colspan=4 | [[Phoneme]] 
! colspan=3 | Urdu [[Letter (alphabet)|Letter]] [[Name]] {{sfn|Delacy|2003|p=XV–XVI}}<ref name=user.uni-hannover /> 
! rowspan=2 | Unicode <br/> <ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic">{{cite web |title=Extended Arabic Letter |url=https://unicode.org/ <!-- original url, now broken = https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/list-unicodeset.jsp?a=\p{subhead=Extended%20Arabic%20letter} --> |website=unicode.org |accessdate=7 May 1920<!-- implausible data as a placeholder, i accidentally deleted the version of this that had the info, and since then the unicode website has gone offline -->}}</ref><ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6">{{cite web |title=Based on ISO 8859-6 |url=https://unicode.org/ <!-- original url, now broken = https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/list-unicodeset.jsp?a=\p{subhead=Based%20on%20ISO%208859-6} -->|website=unicode.org |accessdate=7 May 1920<!-- implausible date as a placeholder -->}}</ref>
! colspan=2 | [[Nummer]] in <br/> Urdu [[alphabet]] 
|- 
! [[Internaitional Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] 
! [[Scots]] [[Letter (alphabet)|Letter]]  
! style=font-size:90% | closest [[Phoneme]] in [[Scots]]
! style=font-size:90% | closest [[Phoneme]] in [[Inglis]] 
! Nastaliq <br/> {{ref|fonts_1|[footnote 1]}} 
! diacritics <br/> <ref name=user.uni-hannover /> 
! Romanizations <ref name="user.uni-hannover" >{{cite web | title=Urdu Alphabet | url=http://www.user.uni-hannover.de/nhtcapri/urdu-alphabet.html | website=www.user.uni-hannover.de | accessdate=29 February 2020 | archive-date=2019-09-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911052959/http://www.user.uni-hannover.de/nhtcapri/urdu-alphabet.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="kindle project fluency" >{{cite book |last1=Project Fluency |title=Urdu: The Complete Urdu Learning Course for Beginners: Start Speaking Basic Urdu Immediately |page=Kindle Locations 66–67 |edition=Kindle |isbn=978-1539047803 |date=7 October 2016 }}</ref>
! 
! <ref name=user.uni-hannover />  
|- <!-- U+0627 {{lang|ur| الِف }} 
| alif <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 1= 
|=U+0627 - ا‎ - alef - ALEF<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ا | ا ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA| /ɑː/ /ā/ <br/> /ʔ/ /–/ }} <br/> <small>{{citation needed|i don't think it can do anything by itself without a vowel attached اَ اِ اُ آ but i guess they don't write those? but if we're regarding every possible diacritic that could be implied, shouldn't this list be much longer? And include the first letter of اردو / اُردو as some variation of u?|date=February 2020}}</small>
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|الف}}}}
| {{lang|ur| الِف }}
| ''alif''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''alef''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0627 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ا | U+0627 ]]
| 1 
| 1 
|- <!-- {{lang|ur| بے }} 
| bē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 2= 
|=U+0628 - ب‎ - beh - BEH<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ب | ب ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/b/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| B in "bat" 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|بے}}}}
| {{lang|ur| بے }}
| ''bē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''beh''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0628 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ب | U+0628 ]] 
| 2 
| 2
|- <!-- {lang|ur| پـے }} 
| pē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 3= 
|=U+067E - پ‎ - peh<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> -->  
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: پ | پ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/p/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|پے}}}}
| {{lang|ur| پے }}
| ''pē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''peh''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <!--''pē''--> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=067E ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: پ | U+067E ]] 
| 3 
| 3
|- <!-- U+062A {{lang|ur| تے }} 
| tē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 4= 
|=U+062A - ت‎ - teh - TEH<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ت | ت ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#f7ffef; | {{IPA|/t̪/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|تے}}}}
| {{lang|ur| تے }}
| ''tē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''teh''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''tē''--> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062A ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ت | U+062A ]] 
| 4 
| 4 
|- <!-- {{lang|ur| ٹے }} 
| ṭē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 5= 
|=U+0679 - ٹ‎ - tteh<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ٹ | ٹ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ʈ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ٹے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ٹے }}
| ''ṭē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''tteh''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <!--''ṭē''--> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0679 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ٹ | U+0679 ]] 
| 5 
| 5 
|- <!-- U+062B {{lang|ur| ثے }} <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 6= 
|=U+062B - ث‎ - theh - THEH<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ث | ث ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#f7efff; | {{IPA|/s/}}
| style=background:#f7efff; | 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ثے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ثے }} 
| ''sē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''s̱ē'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062B ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ث | U+062B ]]  
| 6 
| 6 
|- <!-- jīm <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 7= 
|=U+062C - ج‎ - jeem - JEEM<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> -->
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ج | ج ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| جيم }}}}
| {{lang|ur| جِيم }} 
| ''jīm''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''jeem''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''jīm''--> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062C ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ج | U+062C ]] 
| 7 
| 7 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: چ | چ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| چے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| چے }} 
| ''čē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''cē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''tcheh''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0686 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: چ | U+0686 ]] 
| 8 
| 8 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ح | ح ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɦ/}} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=white-space:nowrap; style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| بڑی حے }}}}
| style=white-space:nowrap; | {{lang|ur| بَڑی حے }}
| ''baṛī ħē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''baṛī ḥē''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062D ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ح | U+062D ]]  
| 9 
| 9 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: خ | خ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/x/}}
| "guttural" Kh <ref name="Aabid Kashani Ultimate" /> 
| ch in "loch" <ref name="Aabid Kashani Ultimate">{{cite book | last1=Kashani | first1=Aabid | title=Urdu: The Ultimate Beginners Learning Guide: Master The Fundamentals Of The Urdu Language | date=2019 | publisher=Dirk Alan Llorens? | edition=Kindle}}</ref> <!-- Kashani, Aabid. Urdu: The Ultimate Beginners Learning Guide. KindleEdition. Publication Date: February 24, 2020 -->
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| خے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| خے }}
| ''xē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''khē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''khah''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> / ''k͟hē''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062E ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: خ | U+062E ]]  
| 10 
| 10 
|- <!-- U+062F {{lang|ur| دال }} 
| dāl <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 11= 
|=U+062F - د‎ - dal - DAL<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: د | د ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/d/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|دال}}}}
| {{lang|ur| دال }} 
| ''dāl''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''dal''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''dāl''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=062F ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: د | U+062F ]]  
| 11
| 11 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ڈ | ڈ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɖ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ڈال }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ڈال }} 
| ''ḍāl''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''ddal''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <!--''ḍāl''-->
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0688 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ڈ | U+0688 ]]  
| 12 
| 12
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ذ | ذ ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#dff7ff; | {{IPA|/z/}}
| style=background:#dff7ff; | 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ذال }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ذال }} 
| ''zāl''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''ẕāl'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0630 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ذ | U+0630 ]]  
| 13 
| 13 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ر | ر ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/r/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| رے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| رے }} 
| ''rē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''reh''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''rē''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0631 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ر | U+0631 ]]  
| 14 
| 14 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ڑ | ڑ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɽ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ڑے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ڑے }} 
| ''ṛē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''rreh''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <!--''ṛē''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0691 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ڑ | U+0691 ]]  
| 15 
| 15
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ز | ز ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#dff7ff; | {{IPA|/z/}}
| style=background:#dff7ff; | 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| زے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| زے }} 
| ''zē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''zey'' <!--''zē''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0632 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ز | U+0632 ]]  
| 16 
| 16 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ژ | ژ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ʒ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ژے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ژے }} 
| ''žē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''zhē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> <!--''zhē''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0698 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ژ | U+0698 ]]  
| 17 
| 17 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: س | س ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#f7efff; | {{IPA|/s/}}
| style=background:#f7efff; | 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| سین }}}}
| {{lang|ur| سِين }} 
| ''sīn''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''seen''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''sīn''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0633 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: س | U+0633 ]]  
| 18 
| 18 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ش | ش ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ʃ/}} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| شین }}}}
| {{lang|ur| شِين }} 
| ''šīn''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''shīn''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''sheen''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''shīn''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0634 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ش | U+0634 ]]  
| 19 
| 19 
|- <!-- U+0635 {{lang|ur| صْواد }} 
| swād <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 20= 
|=U+0635 - ص‎ - sad - SAD<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ص | ص ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#f7efff; | {{IPA|/s/}}
| style=background:#f7efff; | 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| صاد }}}}
| {{lang|ur| صْواد }} 
| ''swād''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''sad''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> / ''ṣwād''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0635 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ص | U+0635 ]]  
| 20 
| 20 
|- 
| colspan=2 style="font-size:125%;" | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ض | ض ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#dff7ff; | {{IPA|/z/}}
| style=background:#dff7ff; | 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ضاد }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ضْواد }} 
| ''żwād''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''ẓwād''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0636 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ض | U+0636 ]]  
| 21 
| 21 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ط | ط ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#f7ffef; | {{IPA|/t/}} <!--is this one also dental? as it is here it seems like it's the closest to European T, but they always translate English and German T as ٹ the retroflex -->
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| طوے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| طوئے }}
| ''tō’ē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''tah''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> / ''tōē'' / ''t̤o'ē'' / ''toy'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0637 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ط | U+0637 ]]  
| 22 
| 22 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ظ | ظ ]]}}}} 
| style=background:#dff7ff; | {{IPA|/z/}}
| style=background:#dff7ff; | 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ظوے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| ظوئے }} 
| ''zō’ē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''zōē'' / ''z̤o'ē''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0638 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ظ | U+0638 ]]  
| 23 
| 23 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ع | ع ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA| /ɑː/ /oː/ /eː/ <br/> /ʔ/ /ʕ/ /∅/ }} <br/> {{ref|ayn|(footnote)}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| عین }}}}
| {{lang|ur| عَيْن }}
| ''‘ain''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''ain''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> ''ayn'' <!--''‘ain''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0639 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ع | U+0639 ]]  
| 24 
| 24 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: غ | غ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɣ/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| غین }}}} 
| {{lang|ur| غَيْن }}
| ''ğain''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''ghain''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> / ''g͟hain'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=063A ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: غ | U+063A ]]  
| 25 
| 25 
|- <!-- U+0641 {{lang|ur| فے }} 
| fē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 26= 
|=U+0641 - ف‎ - feh - FEH<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ف | ف ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/f/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| فے }}}}
| {{lang|ur| فے }}
| ''fē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''feh''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!-- ''fē'' --> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0641 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ف | U+0641 ]]  
| 26 
| 26 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ق | ق ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/q/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|قاف}}}}
| {{lang|ur| قاف }}
| ''qāf''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''qaf''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''qāf''--> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0642 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ق | U+0642 ]]  
| 27 
| 27 
|- <!-- U+0643 - ك‎ - kaf - KAF<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
|- <!-- U+06A9 {{lang|ur| کاف }} 
| kāf <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 28= 
|=U+06A9 - ک‎ - keheh<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> -->  
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ک | ک ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/k/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| کاف }}}}
| {{lang|ur| کاف }}
| ''kāf''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''[[kāf]]''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06A9 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ک | U+06A9 ]]  
| 28 
| 28 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: گ | گ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɡ/}} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| گاف }}}}
| {{lang|ur| گاف }} 
| ''gāf''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''gaf''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <!--''gāf''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06AF ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: گ | U+06AF ]]  
| 29 
| 29 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ل | ل ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/l/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| لام }}}}
| {{lang|ur| لام }} 
| ''lām''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''lam''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''lām''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0644 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ل | U+0644 ]]  
| 30 
| 30 
|- <!-- U+0645 {{lang|ur| مِيم }} 
| mīm <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 31= 
|=U+0645 - م‎ - meem - MEEM<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: م | م ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/m/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| میم }}}}
| {{lang|ur| مِيم }} 
| ''mīm''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''meem''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''mīm''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0645 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: م | U+0645 ]]  
| 31 
| 31
|- <!-- U+0646 {{lang|ur| نُون }} 
| nūn <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 32 U+0646 - ن‎ - noon - NOON<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> -->
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ن | ن ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/n/ /ɲ/ <br/> /ɳ/ /ŋ/}} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|نون}}}}
| {{lang|ur| نُون }} 
| ''nūn''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''noon''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> <!--''nūn''-->  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0646 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ن | U+0646 ]]  
| 32 
| rowspan=3 | 32  
|- <!-- U+06BA {{lang|ur| نُونِ غُنّہ }} 
| nūn-e ğunnah <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 32a= = U+06BA - ں‎ - noon ghunna<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ں | ں ]]}}}} 
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|/[[Nasal vowel|  ◌̃ ]]/}} <!--leave the spaces so the brackets don't eat the diacritic -->
| rowspan=2 | 
| rowspan=2 | (example needed) 
| rowspan=2 |   
| rowspan=2 style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:120%;" | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| نون غنہ }}}}
| rowspan=2 style="white-space:nowrap" | {{lang|ur| نُونِ غُنّہ }}
| rowspan=2 | ''nūn-e ğunnah''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''noon ghunna''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> / ''nūn g͟hunnah'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06BA ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ں | U+06BA ]]  
| rowspan=2 |  33 
|- 
| colspan=2 style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:150%;" | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary:  ٘  |  ◌٘ ]]}}}} &nbsp; {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary:  ٘  |   ٘ ]]}}}} &nbsp; {{lang|ar|{{uninaskh|[[:wiktionary:  ـ  |  ــ٘ـ ]]}}}}
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0658 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary:  ٘  | U+0658 ]]   
|- <!-- U+0648 {{lang|ur| واؤ }} 
| ''vāō'' / ''wāō''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 33= 
|=U+0648 - و‎ - waw - WAW<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: و | و ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA| /ʋ/ /ʊ/ /uː/ /oː/ /ɔː/ }} <br/> {{ref|W_V_regional|[V/W]}}
| 
| (example needed) 
| 
| style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| واؤ }}}}
| {{lang|ur| واؤ }} 
| ''vāō''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> /  ''wāō''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''waw''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> / ''wā'o''
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0648 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: و | U+0648 ]]  
| 34 
| 33
|- <!-- U+06C1 {{lang|ur| گول ہـے }} 
| gōl hē <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 34= 
|=U+06C1 - ہ‎ - heh goal<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> --> 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ہ | ہ ]]}}}} 
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA| /ɦ/ /ɑː/ /e:/ }}
| rowspan=2 | 
| rowspan=2 | (example needed) 
| rowspan=2 |  
| style=white-space:nowrap;font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| گول ہے }}}} 
| style=white-space:nowrap | {{lang|ur| گول ہے }} 
| ''gōl hē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''heh goal''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> / ''gol hē'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06C1 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ہ | U+06C1 ]]  
| 35 
| rowspan=3 | 34 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ه | ه ]]}}}} 
| style=white-space:nowrap;font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| چهوٹی هے }}}} 
| {{lang|ur| چهوٹی هے }} 
| čhōṭī hē <ref name=user.uni-hannover />  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0647 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ه | U+0647 ]] <br/> <ref name=user.uni-hannover /> 
| Arabic <br/> {{ref|gol_choti_arabic|[footnote]}}
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ھ | ھ ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ʰ/}} or {{IPA|/ʱ/}} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|   
| style=white-space:nowrap;font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| دو چشمی ہے }}}} 
| style=white-space:nowrap; | {{lang|ur| دوچَشْمی ہے }} 
| ''dō-čašmī hē''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / <br/> ''heh&nbsp;doachashmee''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> <br/> / ''do-cashmī hē'' 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06BE ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ھ | U+06BE ]]  
| 36 
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ی | ی ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA| /j/ /iː/ /ɑː/ }} 
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=white-space:nowrap;font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| چھوٹی يے }}}}
| style=white-space:nowrap | {{lang|ur| چھوٹی يے }}
| ''čhōṭī yē''<ref name="user.uni-hannover"/> / ''choṭī yē''  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06CC ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ی | U+06CC ]]  
| 38 
| rowspan=2 | 35 <!-- hannover ref #35 -->
|- 
| colspan=2 style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ے | ے ]]}}}} 
| {{IPA|/ɛː/ /eː/}}
| 
| (example needed) 
|  
| style=white-space:nowrap; style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| بڑی يے }}}}
| style=white-space:nowrap; | {{lang|ur| بَڑی يے }}
| ''baṛī yē''<ref name="user.uni-hannover"/> / ''yeh&nbsp;barree''<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=06D2 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ے | U+06D2 ]]  
| 39 
|- <!-- U+0621 <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref #0 
| U+0626 <ref name=user.uni-hannover/> number in Hannover ref = 35a= 
|=U+0674 - ٴ‎ - high hamza<ref name="Unicode Extended Arabic"/> --> 
|- <!-- U+0621 - ء‎ - hamza - HAMZA<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> -->  
| style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ء | ء ]]}}}} 
| style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ar|{{uninaskh|[[:wiktionary: ء | ء ]]}}}} 
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|/ʔ/ /∅/}}
| rowspan=2 | {{ref|hamza|(footnote)}} 
| rowspan=2 | (example needed) 
| rowspan=2 |  
| rowspan=2 style=font-size:120%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq| ہمزہ }}}} 
| rowspan=2 | {{lang|ur|ہَمْزه}}
| rowspan=2 | ''hamzah''<ref name=user.uni-hannover/> / ''hamza''<ref name="unicode ISO 8859-6"/> 
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0621 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary: ء | U+0621 ]] 
| rowspan=2 | 37 
| rowspan=2 | 0 or 35
|-  
| style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ur|{{uninastaliq|[[:wiktionary: ئ | ئ ]]}}}} 
| style=font-size:125%; | {{lang|ar|{{uninaskh|[[:wiktionary: ئ | ئ ]]}}}}  
| <!-- [https://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=0626 ] commented out because unicode tech site has crashed 2020-05-15 --> [[:wiktionary:  ئ  | U+0626 ]]  
|- 
|}


[[File:Lashkari Zaban calligraphy.png|thumb|270px|Tiotal cànain Lashkari ann an sgriobt Nastaliq.]]
{{note|fonts_nastaliq|Nastaliq:}} See [[Inglis]] Wikipedia: [[:en:Nastaliq | "Nastaliq"]].

{{note|W_V_regional|V/W:}} 

{{note|hamza|Hamza:}} In the Urdu, hamza ء is silent in aw its forms apairt fae whan it is uised as hamza-e-izafat. The main hamza ء uiss in the Urdu is fur tae indicate a vowel cluster. In Urdu words, Hamza ء is aye attatcht ئ tae a form resemmlin the Arabic ى alef maksura [citation needit].

{{note|ayn|Ayn:}} Ayn ع in its initial عـ an final ـع poseition is uisually silent and is replaced by the forerinnin or follaein vowel soun.

{{note|gol_choti_arabic|Arabic Ha:}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

[[Category:Hindustani leid]]
[[Category:Urdu|*]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan leids]]