See soorce fer Trebonianus Gallus

{{Infobox monarch
|title=[[Roman emperor|36t Emperor]] o the [[Roman Empire]]
|name=Trebonianus Gallus
|full name        =Gaius Vibius Afinius Trebonianus Gallus <br>(frae birth tae accession); <br> Caesar Gaius Vibius Afinius Trebonianus Gallus Augustus (as emperor)
| image= Ritratto di trebonianno gallo III sec. dc. 01.JPG
| caption         =Bust o Trebonianus Gallus
| reign           =251 (wi [[Hostilian]]);  <br>251–53 (wi [[Volusianus]])
| predecessor     =[[Decius]] an [[Herennius Etruscus]]
| successor       =[[Aemilianus]]
| spouse 1        =[[Afinia Gemina Baebiana]]
| spouse 2        =
| issue         =[[Volusianus|Gaius Vibius Volusianus]], dochter Vibia Galla
| dynasty         =
| father          =Senatorial faimily
| mother          =
| birth_date   =206
| birth_place  =[[Italy]]
| death_date   =August 253 (agit 47)
| death_place  =[[Terni|Interamna]]
| place of burial =
|}}
'''Trebonianus Gallus''' ({{lang-la|Gaius Vibius Afinius Trebonianus Gallus Augustus}};<ref>Southern, Pat, ''The Roman Empire From Severus To Constantine'', Routledge, 2004, pg. 75</ref><ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Gallus' name wad be inscribit as CAIVS VIBIVS AFINIVS TREBONIANVS GALLVS AVGVSTVS.</ref> 206 – August 253), kent as '''Gallus''' an aw, wis [[Roman Emperor]] frae 251 tae 253, in a jynt rule wi his son [[Volusianus]].

==Early life==
Gallus wis born in Italy, in a faimily wi respectit ancestry o [[Etruscan ceevilization|Etruscan]] [[Roman senate|senatorial]] backgrund. He haed twa childer in his mairriage wi [[Afinia Gemina Baebiana]]: Gaius Vibius Volusianus, later Emperor, an a dochter, Vibia Galla. His early career wis a teepical ''[[cursus honorum]]'', wi several appointments, baith poleetical an militar. He wis [[Roman consul|suffect consul]] an in 250 wis nominatit govrenor o the [[Roman province]] o [[Moesie|Moesia Superior]], an appointment that shawed the confidence o Emperor [[Trajan Decius]] in him. In Moesia, Gallus wis a key figur in repellin the frequent invasion attacks bi the [[Goths|Gothic]] tribes o the [[Danube]] an became popular wi the airmy, catered tae durin his brief Imperial rule bi his offeecial image: militar haircut, gladiatorial physique, an intimidatin stance (''illustration, left'').<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ropo/ho_05.30_05.47.htm# Metropolitan Museum of Art: characteristics of the over-lifesize bronze portrait of Trebonianus Gallus, acc. no. 05.30]</ref>

==Rise tae pouer==
In Juin 251, Decius an his co-emperor an son [[Herennius Etruscus]] dee'd in the [[Battle o Abrittus]] at the haunds o the [[Goths]] thay wur supposed tae punish for raids intae the empire. Accordin tae rumours supportit bi [[Dexippus]] (a contemporar Greek historian) an the Thirteent [[Sibylline oracles|Sibylline Oracle]], Decius' failur wis lairgely awin tae Gallus, wha haed conspired wi the invaders. In ony case, whan the airmy heard the news, the sodgers proclaimit Gallus emperor, despite [[Hostilian]], Decius' survivin son, ascendin the imperial throne in Roum. This action o the airmy, an the fact that Gallus seems tae hae been on guid terms wi Decius' faimily, maks Dexippus' allegation improbable.<ref>Potter (2004), pp.247–248.</ref> Gallus did no back doun frae his intention tae acome emperor, but acceptit Hostilian as co-emperor, aiblins tae avoid the damage o anither ceevil war.

[[File:MMA bronze 03.jpg|thumb|left|Bronze o Gallus datin frae the time o his reign as Roman Emperor, the anerly survivin near-complete full-size 3rd-century Roman bronze (Metropolitan Museum o Airt)<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ropo/ho_05.30_05.47.htm# Bronze portrait of Trebonianus Gallus, 05.30 ]</ref>]]
Anxious tae secure his poseetion at Roum an stabilize the situation on the Danube frontier, Gallus made peace wi the Goths. Peace terms alloued the Goths tae leave the Roman territory while keepin thair captives an plunder. In addeetion, it wis greit that thay wad be peyed a annual subsidy.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History, pp.39–40.</ref> Reachin Roum, Gallus' proclamation wis formally confirmit bi the [[Senate]], wi his son [[Volusianus]] bein appointit Caesar. On 24 Juin 251, Decius wis deifeed, but bi 15 Julie Hostilian disappears frae history—he mey hae dee'd in an ootbrak o [[Bubonic plague|plague]].<ref>Potter (2004), p.248.</ref> Eager tae show hissel competent an gain popularity wi the ceetizens, Gallus swiftly dealt wi the epidemic, providin burial for the victims.

Gallus mey hae ordered a localisit an uncoordinatit persecution o [[Christianity|Christians]],<ref name="The Cambridge Ancient History p.40">The Cambridge Ancient History, p.40.</ref> but the anerly solit evidence o this allegation is the impreesonment o [[Pape Cornelius]] in 252.

Lik his predecessors, Gallus didna hae an easy reign. In the East, an Antiochene nobleman, Mariades, revoltit an began ravagin [[Roman Sirie|Sirie]] an [[Cappadocie]], then fled tae the Persies. Gallus ordered his troops tae attack the Persies, but Persie Emperor [[Shapur I]] invadit [[Armenie]] an destroyed a lairge Roman airmy, takkin it bi surprise at [[Battle o Barbalissos|Barbalissos]] in 253. Shapur I then invadit the defenseless Sirie provinces, captured aw o its legionar posts an ravagit its ceeties, includin [[Antioch]], athoot ony response.<ref>Potter (2004), pp.248–249.</ref> Persie invasions wur repeated in the follaein year, but nou [[Uranius]] Antoninus (a priest oreeginally cried [[Ryal faimily o Emesa|Sampsiceramus]]), a stryndant o the ryal hoose o Emesa, confrontit Shapur an forcit him tae retreat. He proclaimit hissel emperor,<ref name="The Cambridge Ancient History p.40"/> housomever, an minted coins wi his image upon them.<ref>Potter (2004), pp.249–250.</ref> On the Danube, [[Scythie]] tribes wur ance again on the luise, in maugre o the peace treaty signed in 251. Thay invadit Asie Minor bi sea, burnt the great [[Temple o Artemis]] at [[Ephesus]], an returned hame wi plunder. [[Lawer Moesie]] wis invadit in early 253 an aw.<ref name="Potter 2004, p.252">Potter (2004), p.252.</ref> [[Aemilianus]], govrenor o Moesia Superior an Pannonie, teuk the initiative o battle an defeatit the invaders.

==Daith==
Syne the airmy wis nae langer pleased wi the Emperor, the sodgers proclaimit Aemilianus emperor. Wi a [[Roman usurpers|usurper]] threatenin the throne, Gallus prepared for a fecht. He recried several [[Roman legion|legions]] an ordered reinforcements tae return tae Roum frae [[Gaul]] unner the command o the futur emperor [[Valerian (emperor)|Publius Licinius Valerianus]]. In maugre o thir dispositions, Aemilianus mairched ontae Italy ready tae fecht for his claim an caucht Gallus at [[Terni|Interamna (modren Terni)]] afore the arrival o Valerianus. Whit exactly happened thare isna clear.<ref>See Bray (1997), p.38, fur baith versions o the story an their sources.</ref> Later soorces claim that efter a initial defeat, Gallus an [[Volusianus]] wis murthert bi thair ain troops;<ref name="Potter 2004, p.252"/> or Gallus didna hae the chance tae face Aemilianus ava acause his airmy gaed ower tae the usurper.<ref>''The Cambridge Ancient History'', p.41.</ref> In ony case, baith Gallus an Volusianus wur killed in August 253.<ref>Bray (1997), p.38.</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
* Bray, John. ''Gallienus: A Study in Reformist and Sexual Politics'', Wakefield Press, 1997. ISBN 1-86254-337-2
* Bowman Alan K., Garnsey Peter, Cameron Averil (ed.). ''The Cambridge Ancient History: The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193–337'', Cambridge Varsity Press, 2005. ISBN 0-521-30199-8.
* Potter, David S. ''The Roman Empire at Bay AD 180–395'', Routledge, 2004. ISBN 0-415-10058-5.

== Freemit airtins ==
*[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ropo/hod_05.30_05.47.htm Metropolitan Museum of Art: Bronze of Trebonianus Gallus]
{{Commons category-inline|Trebonianus Gallus}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-bef | before=[[Decius]] }}
{{s-ttl | title=[[Leet o Roman Emperors|Roman Emperor]]
        | years=251–253
        | alongside=[[Hostilian]] (251) an [[Volusianus]] (251–253) }}
{{s-aft | after=[[Aemilianus]]}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef | before= [[Decius]],<br /> [[Herennius Etruscus]]}}
{{s-ttl | title=[[Leet o Roman Consuls|Consul]] o the [[Roman Empire]] | years=252 |regent1= [[Volusianus]]}}
{{s-aft | after= [[Volusianus]],<br/> [[Lucius Valerius Claudius Poplicola Balbinus Maximus]]}}
{{end}}

{{Roman Emperors}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gallus, Trebonianus}}
[[Category:206 births]]
[[Category:253 daiths]]
[[Category:3rd-century Roman emperors]]
[[Category:Imperial Roman consuls]]
[[Category:Creesis o the Third Century]]
[[Category:Vibii|Trebonianus Gallus, Gaius]]
[[Category:Murthert Roman emperors]]
[[Category:Moesie]]