Ibn Saud
Abdul Aziz Al Saud (15 Januar 1876[1] – 9 November 1953) (Arabic: عبد العزيز آل سعود) wis the first monarch o The Third Saudi State kent as Saudi Arabie. O his full name Abdul Aziz bin Abdur Rahman Al Saud[2], he wis commonly referred tae as ibn Saud[3].
He wis born in Riyadh intae the House o Saud, which haed follaeed the Salafi muivement o Islam syne the 18t century an haed heestorically maintained dominion ower the interior hielands o Arabie kwny as the Nejd (see First Saudi State an Seicont Saudi State). Beginnin wi the reconquest o his faimily's ancestral hame ceety o Riyadh in 1902, Ibn Saud consolidatit his control ower the Nejd in 1922, conquered the Hejaz in 1925. The naition wis foondit an unified as Saudi Arabie in 1932. His later reign saw the discovery o petroleum in Saudi Arabie in 1938, an the beginnin o liarge-scale exploitation o that resoorce efter Warld War II.
Ibn Saud wis the faither o mony childer, includin aw Kings o Saudi Arabie that hae ruled efter him.
Faimily an succession
[eedit | eedit soorce]Succession tae Saudi Arabie's throne haes been a process that haes, tae a lairge extent, excludit aw but the senior members o the Al Saud. Male progeny, wi tenur in senior govrenment poseetions, whose mithers wur King Abdul Aziz bin Saud's wives an frae prominent peninsula based families an tribes, an who hae shawn baith the willingness an ability tae big the necessar consensus frae ither wings in the faimily ar, in theory, the maist eligible candidates. Al Saud ar considered tae be the richest faimily in the warld.
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The nummer o childer that Ibn Saud faithered ar unkent. Ane soorce indicates that he haed 37 sons. His nummer o wives is put at 22,[4] Thay include: (names o kings in bold)
- Bi Wadha bint Muhammad al-Hazzam
- Bi Tarfah bint Abdullah al-Shaikh Abdul-Wahab
- Khaled (I) (born 1903, died in infancy)
- Faisal (Aprile 1904 - 25 Mairch 1975); reigned 1964–1975
- Saad (I) (1914–1919)
- Anud (born 1917)
- Bi Lulua bint Salih al-Dakhil
- Fahd (I) (1905–1919)
- Bi Jauhara bint Musa'd Al Saud
- Bi Lajah bint Khalid bin Hithlayn
- Sara (1916 - Juin 2000)
- Bi Bazza (the first wife named Bazza)
- Nasser (1919–1984)
- Bi Jawhara bint Sa'ad bin Abd al-Muhsin al-Sudairi
- Saad (II) (1920–1993)
- Musa'id (born 1923)
- Abdul Mohsin (1925–1985)
- Al-Bandari bint Abdulaziz (1928–2008)[5]
- Bi Hassa bint Ahmad al-Sudairi
(The sons ar kent as the "Sudairi Seven")- Fahd (II) (1921 - 1 August 2005); reigned 1982–2005
- Sultan (1926-2011)
- Luluwah bint Abdulaziz (ca 1928 - 2008) [6]
- Abd al-Rahman (born 1931)
- Naif (1933-2012)
- Turki (II) (born 1934)
- Salman (born 1935); current king
- Ahmed (born 1942)
- Jawaher
- Lateefa
- Al-Jawhara
- Moudhi (dee'd yung)
- Felwa (dee'd yung)
- Bi Shahida
- Bi Fahda bint Asi al-Shuraim
- Abdullah (born 1 August 1924); current king, syne 2005
- Nuf
- Sita
- Bi Bazza (the seicont wife named Bazza)
- Bi Haya bint Sa'ad al-Sudairy (1913 - 18 Aprile 2003)
- Badr (I) (1931–1932)
- Badr (II) (born 1933)
- Huzza (1951-Julie 2000)
- Abdalillah (born 1935)
- Abdul Majeed (1943–2007)
- Nura (born 1930)
- Mishail
- Zubri
- Bi Munaiyir
- Bi Mudhi
- Sultana bint Abdulaziz (ca. 1928 - 7 Julie 2008) [7]
- Haya bint Abdulaziz (ca. 1929- 2 November 2009) [8]
- Majed (II) (9 October 1938 - 12 Apryle 2003)
- Sattam (born 21 Januar 1941)
- Bi Nouf bint al-Shalan
- Thamir (1937 - 27 Juin 1959)
- Mamduh (born 1941)
- Mashhur (born 1942)
- Bi Saida al-Yamaniyah
- Hidhlul (born 1941)
- Bi Khadra
- Bi Baraka al-Yamaniyah
- Muqran (born 15 September 1945); current seicont croun prince
- Bi Futayma
- Hamad (1947–1994)
- Bi ??
- Shaikha (born 1922)
- Majed (I)(1934–1940)
- Abdul Salem (1941–1942)
- Jiluwi (I)(1942–1944)
- Jiluwi (II) (1952-1952) Wis the youngest son o Ibn Saud but dee'd as an infant.
Notes
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ The birthdate o Abdul Aziz haes been a source o debate. It is generally acceptit as 1876, awtho a few sources give it as 1880. His mither is Princess Sarah Bint Ahmed AlSudairy. A primar raison statit in Robert Lacey's book "The Kingdom", which gives a clear statement on the reasons why 1876 is mair reasonable, is that a leadin Saudi historian foond records that show Abdul Aziz in 1891 greetin an important tribal delegation. The heestorian reasoned that a nine or ten-year-auld child (as given bi the 1880 birthdate) woud hae been too young tae be allawed tae greet such a delegation, while an adolescent o 14 or 15 (as given bi the 1876 date) woud likely hae been allowed. The major reason, though, is that when Lacey interviewed ane of Ibn Saud's sons prior tae writin the book, the son recalled that his faither aften laughed at records showin his birthdate tae be 1880. Ibn Saud's response tae such records wis that "I swallowed fower years o ma life."
- ↑ Current Biography 1943, pp330-34
- ↑ ibn Saud meanin son o Saud an it is a sort o title borne bi previous heads o the House o Saud, similar tae a Scots clan chief's title o "the MacGregor" or "the MacDougall". When uised wi'oot comment it refers solely tae Abdul Aziz. (See Robert Lacey, The Kingdom (NY, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1981), p. 15). Al Saud, wi a similar meanin (faimily o Saud) mey be uised at the end o the full name, while ibn Saud shoud sometimes be uised alane.
- ↑ http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2526
- ↑ "Princess Al-Bandari passes away in Riyadh". Royal Embassy o Saudi Arabie, Washington D.C. 8 Mairch 2008. Archived frae the original on 21 Februar 2009. Retrieved 7 Apryle 2008.
- ↑ "Princess Luluwah bint Abdulaziz passed away". Archived frae the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2008. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Death of Princess Sultanah". Archived frae the original on 13 August 2008. Retrieved 18 Julie 2008.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110716155405/http://www.spa.gov.sa/English/details.php?id=715354. Archived frae the original on 16 Julie 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2009. Missing or empty
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