Help:IPA for Italian

The chairts ablo shaw hou the Internaitional Phonetic Alphabet represents pronunciations o Italian in Wikipaedia airticles.

Consonants^[1]
IPA	Examples
b	banca, cibo
d	dove, idra
dz	zaino, azalea, mezzo^[2]^[3]
dʒ	gelo, giù, magia, judo, gadget^[4]
f	fatto, cifra, phon
ɡ	gatto, agro, glifo, ghetto
k	cosa, acuto, finché, quei, kiwi^[4]
l	lato, tela
ʎ	figli, glielo, maglia^[3]
m	mano, amare, input, anfibio^[5]
n	nano, punto, pensare^[5]
ŋ	unghia, anche, dunque^[5]
ɲ	gnocco, ogni^[3]
p	primo, ampio, apertura^[4]
r	Roma, quattro, morte
s	sano, scusa, presentire, pasto
ʃ	scena, scià, pesci, flash, chic^[3]
t	tranne, mito, altro, thai^[4]
ts	zio, sozzo, marzo^[2]^[3]
tʃ	certo, ciao, farmacia, chip
v	vado, povero, watt
z	sbirro, presentare, asma
Non-native consonants
h	hobby, hertz^[4]^[6]
θ	Thatcher, Pérez^[4]
x	khamsin, Bach, jota^[7]
ʒ	Fuji, abat-jour, garage, casual^[4]

Vouels^[8]
IPA	Examples
a	alto, sarà, must, clown
e	vero, perché, liaison
ɛ	elica, cioè, cash, play, spread
i	viso, sì, zia, feed, team, sexy
o	ombra, otto, show, coach
ɔ	otto, sarò, Sean
u	usi, ragù, tuo, look, tour
Non-native vouels
œ	viveur, goethiano, Churchill^[9]
y	parure, brûlé, Führer^[10]

Semivouels
IPA	Examples
j	ieri, saio, più, Jesi, yacht, news
w	uova, guado, qui, week-end

Suprasegmentals
IPA	Examples	Explanation
ˈ	Cennini [tʃenˈniːni]	primary stress
ˌ	altamente [ˌaltaˈmente]	seicontar stress^[11]
.	continuo [konˈtiːnu.o]	syllable break
ː	primo [ˈpriːmo]	lang vouel^[12]

Notes[eedit | eedit soorce]

↑ If consonants are doobled efter a vouel, they are geminatit: aw consonants mey be geminatit except for /z/. In IPA, gemination is representit bi dooblin the consonant (fatto /ˈfatto/, mezzo /ˈmɛddzo/) or bi uisin the lenth merker ⟨ː⟩. Thare is an aa the sandhi o syntactic gemination: va via /ˌva vˈviːa/).
↑ ^a ^b ⟨z⟩ represents baith /ts/ an /dz/. The airticle on Italian orthografie explains hou thay are uised.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e /dz/, /ts/, /ʎ/, /ɲ/ an /ʃ/ are alweys geminatit efter a vouel.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g In Tuscany [h], [ɸ], [θ] an [ʒ] are the common allophones o vouel-follaein single /k/, /p/, /t/ an /dʒ/.
↑ ^a ^b ^c The nasals alweys assimilate thair place o airticulation tae that o the follaein consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/ ~ /nk/ is a velar [ŋ], an the ane in /nf/ ~ /nv/ is the labiodental [ɱ], but for simplicity, ⟨m⟩ is uised here. A nasal afore /p/, /b/ an /m/ is alweys the labial [m].
↑ /h/ is uisually dropped.
↑ In Spaingie loanwirds, /x/ is uisually pronoonced as [h], [k] or dropped. In German, Arabic an Roushie anes, it is uisually pronoonced [k].
↑ Italian contrasts seiven monophthongs in stressed syllables. Open-mid vouels /ɛ, ɔ/ can appear anerly if the syllable is stressed (coperto /koˈpɛrto/, quota /ˈkwɔːta/), close-mid vouels /e, o/ are foond ensewhaur (Boccaccio /bokˈkattʃo/, amore /aˈmoːre/). Open an close vouels /a i u/ are unchynged in unstressed syllables, but wird-final unstressed /i/ mey acome approximant [j] afore vouels, which is kent as synalepha (pari età /ˌparj eˈta/).
↑ Open-mid [œ] or close-mid [ø] if it is stressed but usually [ø] if it is unstressed. May be replaced by [ɛ] (stressed) or [e] (stressed or unstressed).
↑ /y/ is often pronounced as [u] or [ju].
↑ Syne Italian haes na distinction atween hivier or lichter vouels, a defined seucontar stress, even in lang wirds, is extremely rare.
↑ Stressed vouels are lang in non-final open syllables: fato [ˈfaːto] ~ fatto [ˈfatto].

External links[eedit | eedit soorce]

(in Italian) Dizionario italiano multimediale e multilingue d'ortografia e di pronunzia (not based on IPA)
(in Italian) Dizionario di pronuncia italiana online bi Luciano Canepari (based on IPA)

[1] If consonants are doobled efter a vouel, they are geminatit: aw consonants mey be geminatit except for /z/. In IPA, gemination is representit bi dooblin the consonant (fatto /ˈfatto/, mezzo /ˈmɛddzo/) or bi uisin the lenth merker ⟨ː⟩. Thare is an aa the sandhi o syntactic gemination: va via /ˌva vˈviːa/).

[z-2] ⟨z⟩ represents baith /ts/ an /dz/. The airticle on Italian orthografie explains hou thay are uised.

[geminated-3] /dz/, /ts/, /ʎ/, /ɲ/ an /ʃ/ are alweys geminatit efter a vouel.

[gorgia-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g In Tuscany [h], [ɸ], [θ] an [ʒ] are the common allophones o vouel-follaein single /k/, /p/, /t/ an /dʒ/.

[nasal-5] The nasals alweys assimilate thair place o airticulation tae that o the follaein consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/ ~ /nk/ is a velar [ŋ], an the ane in /nf/ ~ /nv/ is the labiodental [ɱ], but for simplicity, ⟨m⟩ is uised here. A nasal afore /p/, /b/ an /m/ is alweys the labial [m].

[6] /h/ is uisually dropped.

[7] In Spaingie loanwirds, /x/ is uisually pronoonced as [h], [k] or dropped. In German, Arabic an Roushie anes, it is uisually pronoonced [k].

[8] Italian contrasts seiven monophthongs in stressed syllables. Open-mid vouels /ɛ, ɔ/ can appear anerly if the syllable is stressed (coperto /koˈpɛrto/, quota /ˈkwɔːta/), close-mid vouels /e, o/ are foond ensewhaur (Boccaccio /bokˈkattʃo/, amore /aˈmoːre/). Open an close vouels /a i u/ are unchynged in unstressed syllables, but wird-final unstressed /i/ mey acome approximant [j] afore vouels, which is kent as synalepha (pari età /ˌparj eˈta/).

[9] Open-mid [œ] or close-mid [ø] if it is stressed but usually [ø] if it is unstressed. May be replaced by [ɛ] (stressed) or [e] (stressed or unstressed).

[10] /y/ is often pronounced as [u] or [ju].

[11] Syne Italian haes na distinction atween hivier or lichter vouels, a defined seucontar stress, even in lang wirds, is extremely rare.

[12] Stressed vouels are lang in non-final open syllables: fato [ˈfaːto] ~ fatto [ˈfatto].

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[2]

[3]

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[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

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[11]

[12]

Help:IPA for Italian

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