See soorce fer Beijing

{{Stack begin}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                = Beijing
|official_name       = Municipality o Beijing • {{lang|zh-cn|北京市}}
|native_name         = {{lang|zh-cn|北京}}
|settlement_type     = [[Direct-controlled municipality o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Municipality]]
|total_type          = Municipality
|image_skyline       = Beijing montage.png
|image_caption       = Clockwise frae top: [[Tiananmen]], [[Temple o Heaven]], [[National Grand Theatre]], an [[Beijing National Stadium]]
|image_map           = Beijing in China (+all claims hatched).svg
|map_caption         = Location o Beijing Municipality athin Cheenae
|image_map1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type    = Kintra
|subdivision_name    = [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]
|established_title   =
|established_date    =
|parts_type          = Diveesions<ref name="hist">{{cite web|title=Township divisions|url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Government/Administration_region/t930369.htm|publisher=the Official Website of the Beijing Government|accessdate=22 July 2009|archive-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225054946/http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Government/Administration_region/t930369.htm|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225054946/http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Government/Administration_region/t930369.htm |date=2018-12-25 }}</ref><br />&nbsp;- [[Coonty-level diveesion|Coonty-level]]<br />&nbsp;- [[Admeenistrative diveesions o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae#Tounship level|Tounship-level]]
|parts               = <br />[[Leet o admeenistrative diveesions o Beijing|16 destricts, 2 counties]]<br />289 touns an veelages
|government_type     = [[Direct-controlled municipality o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Municipality]]
|leader_title        = [[Pairty chief o the Communist Pairty o Cheenae|CPC Ctte Secretary]]
|leader_name         = [[{{#property:p210}}]]
|leader_title1       = Mayor
|leader_name1        = [[{{#property:p6}}]]
|area_total_km2      = 16801.25
|area_land_km2       =
|area_water_km2      =
|area_urban_km2      =
|area_footnotes      =
|elevation_m            = 43.5
|elevation_footnotes    =
| population_total                = 21,542,000
| population_as_of                = 2018
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="bulletin2018">{{cite web |url= http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/zxfb/201901/t20190123_415558.html |title= Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and NBS Survey Office in Beijing |publisher= Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics |language= en |date= 23 January 2019 |access-date= 24 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190123121721/http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/zxfb/201901/t20190123_415558.html |archive-date= 23 January 2019 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123121721/http://www.bjstats.gov.cn/zxfb/201901/t20190123_415558.html |date=2019-01-23 }}</ref>
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_urban                = 21,450,000
| population_urban_footnotes      = &nbsp;(2018)<ref>{{cite book |url = http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf |title=Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition|last=Cox|first=W. |publisher=Demographia|year=2018|isbn=|location=St. Louis|page=22|access-date=15 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503021711/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|archive-date=3 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| population_metro                = 24,000,000
| population_metro_footnotes      = &nbsp;(2017)<ref name="oecd2015">{{cite book|doi=10.1787/9789264230040-en|title=OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition|url=http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]]|page=37|website=OECD iLibrary|language=en|year=2015|issn=2306-9341|isbn=978-92-64-23003-3|series=OECD Urban Policy Reviews|access-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327210032/http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39|archive-date=27 March 2017|url-status=live}}Linked from the OECD [http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm here] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209044027/http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm |date=9 December 2017 }}</ref>
|population_blank1_title = Ranks in Cheenae
|population_blank1 = Population: [[Leet o Cheenae admeenistrative regions bi population|26t]]; <br>Density: [[Leet o Cheenae admeenistrative regions bi population densitie|4t]]
|population_demonym     = Beijinger
|demographics_type1 = Major [[Leet o ethnic groups in Cheenae|ethnic groups]]
|demographics1_footnotes =
|demographics1_title1 = [[Han Cheenese|Han]]
|demographics1_info1 =96%
|demographics1_title2 = [[Manchu]]
|demographics1_info2 =2%
|demographics1_title3 = [[Hui fowk|Hui]]
|demographics1_info3 = 2%
|demographics1_title4 = [[Mongols in Cheenae|Mongol]]
|demographics1_info4 = 0.3%
|timezone               = [[Cheenae Staundart time]]
|utc_offset             = +8
|coor_type              =
|coordinates         = {{coord|39|54|50|N|116|23|30|E|region:CN-11|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type       = [[Postal code o Cheenae|Postal code]]
|postal_code            = '''1000'''00 – '''1026'''29
|area_code              = [[Telephone numbers in Cheenae|10]]
|blank_name_sec1 = GDP<ref>{{cite web |url=http://finance.people.com.cn/money/GB/16930408.html |title=2011年北京人均可支配收入3.29万 实际增长7.2% |publisher=People.com.cn |date=20 January 2012 |accessdate=22 February 2012 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225055005/http://finance.people.com.cn/money/GB/16930408.html%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|blank_info_sec1 = 2011
|blank1_name_sec1 = &nbsp;- Total
|blank1_info_sec1 = [[CNY]] 1.6&nbsp;trillion <br /> US$ 247.7&nbsp;billion ([[Leet o Cheenese admeenistrative divesions bi GDP|13t]])
|blank2_name_sec1 = &nbsp;- Per caipita
|blank2_info_sec1 = CNY 80,394 <br /> US$ 12,447 ([[Leet o Cheenese admeenistrative diveesions bi GDP per caipita|3rd]])
|blank3_name_sec1 = &nbsp;- Growt
|blank3_info_sec1 = {{increase}} 8.1%
|blank4_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2008)
|blank4_info_sec1 = 0.891 ([[Leet o Cheenese admeenistrative diveesions bi HDI|2nt]]) – <span style="color:#090;">vera heich</span>
|blank5_name_sec1 = [[Vehicle registration plates o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|License plate prefixes]]
|blank5_info_sec1 = 京A, C, E, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, P <br />京B (taxis)<br />京G, Y (ootside urban area)<br />京O (poliw an authorities)<br />京V (in red color) (militar heidquairters,<br />central govrenment)
|blank_name_sec2 = '''Ceety trees'''
|blank_info_sec2 =[[Cheenese arborvitae]] (''Platycladus orientalis'')
|blank1_name_sec2 = &nbsp;
|blank1_info_sec2 =[[Styphnolobium|Pagoda tree]] (''Sophora japonica'')
|blank2_name_sec2 = '''Ceety flouers'''
|blank2_info_sec2 =[[Rosa chinensis|Cheenae rose]] (''Rosa chinensis'')
|blank3_name_sec2 = &nbsp;
|blank3_info_sec2 =[[Chrysanthemum]] (''Chrysanthemum morifolium'')
|website = [http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/ www.ebeijing.gov.cn]
|footnotes = }}
{{Chinese
|c=北京
| l=Northren capital
  |p=Běijīng<br />{{Audio|Zh-Beijing.ogg|[Listen]}}
    |psp=Peking
    |w=Pei<sup>3</sup>ching<sup>1</sup> or Pei<sup>3</sup>-ching<sup>1</sup>
  |j=bak<sup>1</sup>ging<sup>1</sup>
  |wuu=poh<sup>入</sup>cin<sup>平</sup>
  |poj=Pak-kiaⁿ
    |buc=Báe̤k-gĭng
  |h=Pet-kîn
  |showflag = p
}}
{{stack end}}
{{fix scots}}

'''Beijing''' is the [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] o the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]. The ceety is kent as ''Peking'' an aw. It's locatit in the nor'east o the kintra.
[[File:Forbidden City1.JPG|300px|thumb|The [[Forbidden Ceety]], hames tae the [[Emperor o Cheenae|Emperors]] o the [[Ming Deenasty|Ming]] an [[Qing Deenasty|Qing]] Deenasties.]]

The ceity o Beijing haes played a gey important pairt in the oncome o Cheenae. Mony fowk fae ither ceeties an kintras haes flittit tae Beijing tae leuk for wark. Near-haund 15 meellion fowk bides thare. In 2008 Beijing hostit the [[Olympic Gemmes]].

Beijing haes a kenspeckle history. Syne the Jin deenasty, Beijing's been the caipital for mony [[deenasties]], sic as the Yuan, Ming, Qing, an ithers forby. Thare's mony places o historic interest in Beijing. Thir places includes the Simmer Pailace, the Temple o Heiven, an the [[Great Waw o Cheenae]].

== Name ==
Beijing means "the northren caipital" in the [[Cheenae]] leid. It wis ance a coonterpairt tae [[Nanjing]], "the soothren caipital", durin the Ming Deenasty. This deenasty gied Beijing its name.

== History ==
The middle o Beijing wis settelt in the [[1st millennium BC]]. In thae days, the Kinrick o Yan (?) set up thair caipital whaur Beijing is the day. Thay cried it Ji (?). Efter the Kinrick o Yan wis malafoustert, the ceity becam wee-er, awtho it wis still an important place.

Beijing becam mair important again in the 10t century, whan the Jin deenasty set its caipital thare. This ceity wis malafoustert bi [[Mongol]] arimies in [[1215]]. Then in [[1267]], Mongols biggit a new ceity on the north lip o the Jin caipital, an cried it "Great Caipital" (??). That wis the beginnin o modren Beijing. Whan Kublai Khan, the Mongolian monarch, set up the Yuan deenasty, this ceity becam his caipital.

The Yuan, Ming, an Qing deenasties aw uised Beijing as thair caipitals. Whan the Qing deenasty tint pouer an the Republic o Cheenae wis establisht, the new Republic muived its caipital fae Beijing tae Nanjing. Whan the communists claucht pouer an estaiblisht the Fowk's Republic, Beijing becam the caipital o Cheenae ance again.

==Internaitional relations==
{{See also|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Cheenae}}

===Twin touns — sister ceeties===
Beijing haes numerous [[twin touns an sister ceeties]] aroond the warld, mony o them the caipitals o thair respective kintras:<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/
  |title=Sister Cities
  |publisher=Beijing Municipal Government
  |accessdate=2009-06-23
  |archive-date=2010-01-17
  |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq6B2fdq?url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref><ref>Paris and Rome are "partner cities" due to an exclusive agreement between those two cities.
{{cite web 
  |url=http://www.paris.fr/portail/accueil/Portal.lut?page_id=6587&document_type_id=5&document_id=16467&portlet_id=14974 
  |title=Le jumelage avec Rome 
  |accessdate=2008-07-09 
  |publisher=Municipalité de Paris 
  |language=French 
  |archive-date=2008-12-16 
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216141833/http://www.paris.fr/portail/accueil/Portal.lut?page_id=6587&document_type_id=5&document_id=16467&portlet_id=14974 
  |url-status=dead 
  }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|
* [[Tokyo]], Japan (1979)
* [[Belgrade]], Serbie (1980)
* [[New York Ceety]], Unitit States (1980)<ref>{{cite web
  |title=NYC's Sister Cities
  |publisher=Sister City Program of the City of New York
  |year=2006
  |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/unccp/scp/html/sc/main.shtml
  |accessdate=1 September 2008
  |archive-date=2008-05-21
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521052322/http://www.nyc.gov/html/unccp/scp/html/sc/main.shtml
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref>
* [[Lima]], Peru (1983)
* [[Washington D.C.]], Unitit States (1984)<ref name="Washington DC">{{cite web
  |url=http://os.dc.gov/os/cwp/view,a,1206,q,522336.asp
  |title=Protocol and International Affairs
  |publisher=DC Office of the Secretary
  |accessdate=12 July 2008
  |archive-date=2008-05-13
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513185356/http://os.dc.gov/os/cwp/view%2Ca%2C1206%2Cq%2C522336.asp
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref>
* [[Madrid]], Spain (1985)
* [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil (1986)
* [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]], Fraunce (1987)
* [[Cologne]], Germany (1987)
* [[Algiers]], Algerie (1989)
* [[Amman]], Jordan (1990)
* [[Ankara]], Turkey (1990)
* [[Cairo]], Egyp (1990)
* [[Jakarta]], Indonesie (1992)
* [[Riga]], Latvie<ref name='"Riga">{{cite web |url=http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/Riga_Municipality/Twin_cities_of_Riga/default.htm |title=Twin cities of Riga |publisher=[[Riga City Council]] |accessdate=27 July 2009 |archive-date=2008-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204021323/http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/Riga_Municipality/Twin_cities_of_Riga/default.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[São Paulo]], Brazil<ref name="São Paulo">[http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001 Prefeitura.Sp – Descentralized Cooperation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224222805/http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001 |date=2008-12-24 }}</ref><ref name="São Paulo2">
{{cite web
  |url=http://www.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/cidade/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/cidadesirmas/index.php?p=1066
  |title=International Relations – São Paulo City Hall – Official Sister Cities
  |publisher=Prefeitura.sp.gov.br
  |accessdate=1 June 2010
}}</ref>
||
* [[Islamabad]], Pakistan (1993)
* [[Bangkok]], Thailand (1993)
* [[Buenos Aires]], Argentinae (1993)
* [[Kiev]], Ukraine (1993)
* [[Seoul]], Sooth Korea (1993)
* [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands (1994)
* [[Berlin]], Germany (1994)
* [[Brussels]], Belgium (1994)
* [[Hanoi]], Vietnam (1994)
* [[Moscow]], Roushie (1995)
* [[Gauteng]] (Johannesburg an Pretoria), Sooth Africae (1998)
* [[Ottawa]], Canadae (1999)
* [[Canberra]], Australie (2000)<ref name="Canberra">
{{cite web
  |url=http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/international
  |title=Canberra's international relationships – Canberra's international relationships
  |publisher=cmd.act.gov.au
  |accessdate=20 October 2009
}}</ref>
* [[Athens]], Greece (2005)
* [[Bucharest]], Romanie (2005)
* [[Budapest]], Hungary (2005)
| valign="top" |
* [[Havana]], Cuba (2005)
* [[Manila]], Philippines (2005)<ref name="Manila.Gov">{{cite web
  |url=http://www.manila.gov.ph/cityhall.htm#sistercities
  |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607200336/http://www.manila.gov.ph/cityhall.htm#sistercities
  |archivedate=2008-06-07
  |title=Sister Cities of Manila
  |publisher=2008–2009 [http://www.manila.gov.ph/ City Government of Manila]
  |accessdate=2 July 2009
  |url-status=dead
  }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607200336/http://www.manila.gov.ph/cityhall.htm#sistercities |date=2008-06-07 }}</ref>
* [[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopie (2006)
* [[Astana]], Kazakhstan (2006)
* [[Helsinki]], Finland (2006)
* [[Lunnon]], Unitit Kinrick (2006)
* [[Tel Aviv]], Israel (2006)
* [[Wellington]], New Zealand (2006)
* [[Lisbon]], Portugal (2007)
* [[Tirana]], Albanie (2007)<ref name="International relations">{{cite web
  |url=http://www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf
  |title=Twinning Cities: International Relations
  |accessdate=23 June 2009
  |work=Municipality of Tirana
  |publisher=tirana.gov.al
  |format=PDF
  |archive-date=2011-10-10
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010042121/http://www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf
  |url-status=dead
  }}</ref>
* [[Doha]], Qatar (2008)
* [[Santiago]], Chile (2008)
* [[San José, Costa Rica]] (2009)
* [[Caracas]], Venezuela (2010)
* [[Dublin]], Ireland (2011)
|}

===Pairtner ceeties===
Beijing haes twa pairtner ceeties, baith in Europe:
{|
|-
| valign="top" |
* {{Flagicon|France}} [[Paris]], Fraunce ''(1997)''
* {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Roum]], Italy ''(1998)''
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

{{S-start|noclear=y}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Hangzhou|Lin'an]] ([[Song Dynasty]])|row=1}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Historical caipitals o Cheenae|Caipital o Cheenae]] (as Dadu)
|years=1264–1368|row=1}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Nanjing]] ([[Ming Dynasty]])|row=1}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Nanjing]] ([[Ming Dynasty]])|row=2}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Historical caipitals o Cheenae|Caipital o Cheenae]]
|years=1420–1928|row=2}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Nanjing]] ([[Republic o Cheenae|ROC]])|row=2}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Nanjing]] ([[Republic o Cheenae|ROC]]) |row=3}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Historical caipitals o Cheenae|Caipital o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]
|years=1949–present|row=3}}
{{S-aft|after=present caipital|row=3}}
{{End}}

{{Navboxes
|title = Airticles relatit tae Beijing
|list =
<span>
{{Beijing|state=expanded}}
{{Navboxes
|title = [[File:Gnome-globe.svg|25px]]{{nbsp}}Geographic locale
|list =
{{Geographic location
| Centre = Beijing
| North = [[Chengde]], Hebei
| Northeast = Chengde, Hebei
| East = [[Langfang]], Hebei
| Southeast = Tianjin
| South = Langfang, Hebei
| Southwest = Baoding, Hebei
| West = [[Zhangjiakou]], Hebei
| Northwest = Zhangjiakou, Hebei
| image = Compass_rose_pale.svg
}}
'''[[Geographic coordinate seestem|Lat. <small>an</small> Long.]] {{Coord|39|54|23|N|116|22|47|E|display=inline}}'''
}}
{{Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Most populous cities in the People's Republic of China}}
{{List of Asian capitals by region}}
{{Olympic Summer Games Host Cities}}
{{Paralympic Summer Games Host Cities}}
{{Asian Games Host Cities}}
{{IAAF World Championships in Athletics Host cities}}
{{World's most populated metropolitan areas}}
{{World's most populated urban areas}}
}}

[[Category:Beijing| ]]
[[Category:Caipitals in Asie]]
[[Category:Host ceeties o the Simmer Olympic Gemmes]]
[[Category:Independent ceeties]]
[[Category:Metropolitan areas o Cheenae]]
[[Category:Municipalities o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]