Tilquiapan Zapotec
| Tilquiapan Zapotec | |
|---|---|
| San Miguel Tilquiápam | |
| Region | Oaxaca in Mexico |
Native speakers | 5,000 (2007)[1] |
| Laitin script | |
| Leid codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | zts |
Tilquiapan Zapotec (Zapoteco de San Miguel Tilquiápam) is an Oto-Manguean leid o the Zapotecan branch, spoken in soothren Oaxaca, Mexico.
Yatzeche Zapotec is close enough tae be considered a dialect, an Ocotlán Zapotec is close. They wur measured at 87% an 59% intelligibility, respectively, in recordit text testin.[2]
Soonds
[eedit | eedit soorce]Vouels
[eedit | eedit soorce]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | ɘ | o | |
| Open | a | ||
Each vouel can be glottalisit an aw, a phenomenon manifestit as either creaky voice throuoot the vouel or, mair commonly, as a sequence o a vouel an a glottal stop optionally follaeed bi an echo o the vouel.[4]
Consonants
[eedit | eedit soorce]| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | labialized | ||||||||||||
| Nasal | m | nː n | |||||||||||
| Plosive | pː | b | tː | d | tːʃ | dʒ | kː | ɡ | kːʷ | ɡʷ | |||
| Fricative | sː | z | ʃː | ʒ | |||||||||
| Approximant | Central | j | |||||||||||
| Lateral | l͡d l | ||||||||||||
As wi ither Zapotec leids, the primar distinction atween consonant pairs like /t/ an /d/ is no o voicin but atween fortis and lenis (measured in lenth[6]), respectively, wi voicin bein a phonetic correlate.[5] Thare are two exceptions tae this in Tilquiapan:
- The contrast atween fortis /nː/ an lenis /n/
- The contrast atween fortis /ld/ an lenis /l/
Neither is voiceless, but /nˑ/ is pronooncit a little langer an /ld/ replaces /l/ in certain causative verbs in weys similar tae ither fortis/lenis consonantal changes (e.g. [blaˀa] 'get loose' vs. [bldaˀa] 'let loose').[5]
Notes
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ Tilquiapan Zapotec at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
- ↑ Egland, Cruz Ramos & Bartholomew (1978)
- ↑ Merrill (2008), p. 109
- ↑ Merrill (2008), p. 110
- ↑ a b c Merrill (2008), p. 108
- ↑ See Nellis & Hollenbach (1980)
References
[eedit | eedit soorce]- Egland, Steven; Cruz Ramos, Saúl; Bartholomew, Doris (1978), La inteligibilidad interdialectal en México: resultados de algunos sondeos (in Spanish), México: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, ISBN 9683100031, archived frae the original on 16 November 2012, retrieved 16 Mey 2014 Unknown parameter
|trans_title=ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link) - Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquiapan Zapotec", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 38 (1): 107–114, doi:10.1017/S0025100308003344
- Nellis, Donald G.; Hollenbach, Barbara E. (1980), "Fortis versus lenis in Cajonos Zapotec phonology", International Journal of American Linguistics, 46: 92–105, doi:10.1086/465639