See soorce fer Caracas

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Caracas
| official_name           = Santiago de León de Caracas
| native_name             = <!-- if different from the English name -->
| native_name_lang        = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| other_name              =
| settlement_type         = Ceety
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Plaza_Venezuela_Noche.jpg
| photo1b = Vista_PlazaVenezuela.jpg
| photo2a = TorresCSB.jpg
| photo2b = PFLCaracas.jpg
| photo3a = Panor%C3%A1mica_de_Caracas,_Venezuela.jpg
| photo4a =
| size = 300
| spacing = 
| color = black
| border = 2
| color_border = black
}}
| imagesize               = 
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = Flag_of_Caracas.svg
| flag_size               =
| flag_alt                =
| flag_link               =
| image_seal              =
| seal_size               =
| seal_alt                =
| seal_link               =
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Caracas.svg
| shield_size             =
| shield_alt              =
| shield_link             =
| image_blank_emblem      =
| blank_emblem_type       = <!-- defaults to Logo -->
| blank_emblem_size       =
| blank_emblem_alt        =
| blank_emblem_link       =
| nickname                = ''La Odalisca del Ávila'' (The Avila's Odalisque)<br/>''La Sucursal del Cielo ''(Heaven's Branch on Earth)<br/>"La Ciudad de la Eterna Primavera"(The Ceety o Eternal Spring)
| motto                   = ''Ave María Purísima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural''
| anthem                  =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               =
| mapsize                 =
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             =
| image_map1              =
| mapsize1                =
| map_alt1                =
| map_caption1            =
| image_dot_map           =
| dot_mapsize             =
| dot_map_base_alt        =
| dot_map_alt             =
| dot_map_caption         =
| dot_x = |dot_y =
| pushpin_map             = Venezuela
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_label           = <!-- only necessary if "name" or "official_name" are too long -->
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_mapsize         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| pushpin_map1            =
| pushpin_label_position1 =
| pushpin_label1          = <!-- only necessary if "name" or "official_name" are too long -->
| pushpin_map_alt1        =
| pushpin_mapsize1        =
| pushpin_map_caption1    =
| coordinates             = {{coord|10|30|N|66|55|W|region:VE-A|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuela]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[States o Venezuela|State]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Caipital Destrict (Venezuela)|Caipital Destrict]]
| subdivision_type2       = 
| subdivision_name2       = 
<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = Foondit
| established_date        = 25 Julie 1567
| established_title1      = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date1       =
| established_title2      = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date2       =
| established_title3      =
| established_date3       =
| extinct_title           =
| extinct_date            =
| founder                 = [[Diego de Losada]]
| named_for               =
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = <!-- defaults to: Seat -->
| seat                    =
| parts_type              = Metropolitan
| parts_style             = para
| parts                   = Municipalities
| p1                      = [[Libertador Bolivarian Municipality|Libertador]]
| p2                      = [[Chacao Municipality|Chacao]]
| p3                      = [[Baruta Municipality|Baruta]]
| p4                      = [[Sucre Municipality, Miranda|Sucre]]
| p5                      = [[El Hatillo Municipality|El Hatillo]]
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| government_type         = [[Mayor-cooncil govrenment|Mayor-cooncil]]
| governing_body          = Govrenment o the Caipital Destrict / Mayorship o the Metropolitan Destrict 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = Chief o Govrenment / Mayor 
| leader_name             = Jacqueline Faría / [[Antonio Ledezma]] 
| leader_title1           =
| leader_name1            = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 -->
<!-- display settings  --------->
| total_type              = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_total_km2          = 433
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_urban_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| area_urban_km2          =
| area_metro_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| area_metro_km2          = 1930
| area_rank               =
| area_blank1_title       =
| area_blank1_km2         =
| area_blank2_title       =
| area_blank2_km2         =
| area_note               =
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             = 900
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- population ---------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             = 900
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         = 2100
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         = 700
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    =<ref name=INE1>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gov.ve/documentos/Demografia/CensodePoblacionyVivienda/pdf/distrito_capital.pdf |title=Population projection for federal entities |accessdate=30 April 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009164814/http://www.ine.gov.ve/documentos/Demografia/CensodePoblacionyVivienda/pdf/distrito_capital.pdf |archivedate=2012-10-09 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_total        = 3,273,863 <!-- Population of Distrito Metropolitano de Caracas -->
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank         =
| population_density_km2  = 4212.9
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_urban        = 
| population_density_urban_km2   = 
| population_metro        = 5,297,026 <!-- Population of Gran Caracas -->
| population_density_metro_km2   = 1123.4
| population_density      =
| population_density_rank =
| population_blank1_title =
| population_blank1       =
| population_density_blank1_km2  =
| population_blank2_title =
| population_blank2       =
| population_density_blank2_km2  =
| population_demonym      = ''[[caraqueño]]'' (m), ''caraqueña'' (f)
| population_note         =
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1      =
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    =
| demographics1_info1     = <!-- etc., up to demographics1_title5 / demographics1_info5 -->
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2      =
| demographics2_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| demographics2_title1    =
| demographics2_info1     = <!-- etc., up to demographics2_title5 / demographics2_info5 -->
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Venezuelan Staundart Time Zone|VST]]
| utc_offset1             = – 04:30
| timezone1_DST           = no observit
| utc_offset1_DST         = – 04:30
| timezone2               =
| utc_offset2             =
| timezone2_DST           =
| utc_offset2_DST         =
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        = Postal codit
| postal_code             = 1010-A
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in Venezuela|Aurie code]]
| area_code               = 212
| geocode                 =
| iso_code                = VE-A
| registration_plate      =
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1         =
| blank_info_sec1         =
| blank1_name_sec1        =
| blank1_info_sec1        =
| blank2_name_sec1        =
| blank2_info_sec1        = <!-- etc., up to blank7_name_sec1 / blank7_info_sec1 -->
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank_name_sec2         =
| blank_info_sec2         =
| blank1_name_sec2        =
| blank1_info_sec2        =
| blank2_name_sec2        =
| blank2_info_sec2        = <!-- etc., up to blank7_name_sec2 / blank7_info_sec2 -->
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = [http://www.gdc.gob.ve/ Caipital Destrict] [http://www.alcaldiamayor.gob.ve/ Metropolitan Destrict] 
| footnotes               = The aurie an population figurs are the sum o the figurs o the five municipalities (leetit abuin) that mak up the Distrito Metropolitano.
}}

'''Caracas''' ({{IPA-es|kaˈɾakas}}), offeecially '''Santiago de León de Caracas''', is the [[caipital (poleetical)|caipital]] an [[Leet o ceeties in Venezuela#Lairgest ceeties in Venezuela|lairgest]] ceety o [[Venezuela]]. It is locatit in the northren pairt o the kintra, follaein the contours o the narrae Caracas Glen on the [[Coastal Range, Venezuela|Venezuelan coastal muntain range]] (Cordillera de la Costa). The glen's temperaturs ar warelike. Terrain suitable for biggin lees atween 760 an 910 m (2,493.44 an 2,985.56&nbsp;ft) [[abuin mean sea level|abuin sea level]]. The glen is close tae the [[Caribbean Sea]], separatit frae the coast bi a steep 2200&nbsp;m (7400&nbsp;ft) hie [[muntain range]], [[Cerro El Ávila|Cerro Ávila]]; tae the sooth thare ar mair hills an muntains.

''El Distrito Metropolitano de Caracas'' (Metropolitan Destrict o Caracas) includes the [[Caipital Destrict (Venezuela)|Distrito Capital]] (the caipital ceety proper) an fower ither municipalities in [[Miranda State]] includin [[Chacao Municipality|Chacao]], [[Baruta Municipality|Baruta]], [[Sucre Municipality, Miranda|Sucre]], an [[El Hatillo Municipality|El Hatillo]]. The Distrito Capital haed a population o 2,097,350 as o 2009, while that o Distrito Metropolitano wis estimatit at 3,196,514 (as o 2008).

==History==
At the time o the foondin o the ceety, mair nor fower hunder years ago, the glen o Caracas wis populatit bi indigenous fowks. [[Francisco Fajardo]], the son o a Spaingie [[caiptain (laund)|caiptain]] an a [[Guaiqueri]] ''[[cacique|cacica]]'', attemptit tae establish a plantation in the glen in 1562 efter foondin a series o coastal touns. Fajardo's dounset did no last lang. It wis destroyed bi natives o the region led bi [[Terepaima]] an [[Guaicaipuro]]. This wis the last rebellion on the pairt o the natives. On 25 Julie 1567, Caiptain [[Diego de Losada]] laid the foondations o the ceety o ''Santiago de León de Caracas''. The foondation −1567 – “A tak possession o this laund in the name o God an the Keeng” These wur the wirds o Don Diego de Losada in foondin the ceety o Caracas on 25 Julie 1567. In 1577 Caracas became the caipital o the [[Spaingie Empire]]'s [[Venezuela Province]] unner Govrenor [[Juan de Pimentel]] (1576–1583).

Durin the 17t century, the coast o Venezuela wis frequently raidit bi [[pirate]]s. Wi the coastal muntains as a barrier, Caracas wis relatively immune tae such attacks – ane o the raisons it became the principal ceety o the region. Housomeivver, in the 1680s, buccaneers crossed the muntains throu a little-uised pass while the toun's defenders wur guardin the mair aften-uised ane, an encoonterin little resistance, sackit an set fire tae the toun.<ref>John Lombardi, ''Venezuela,'' Oxford, England, 1982, p 72.</ref>

As the cocoa cultivation unner the [[Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas]] grew in importance, the ceety expandit.  In 1777, Caracas became the caipital o the [[Caiptaincy General o Venezuela]].

[[José María España]] an [[Manuel Gual]] led an attemptit revolution aimit at unthirdom, but the rebellion wis put doun on 13 Julie 1797. Caracas wis ultimately the steid o the signin o a [[Declaration o Unthirldom]] on 5 Julie 1811.  In 1812, a [[1812 Caracas yirdquauk|yirdquauk destroyed Caracas]]. The revolutionar war continued till 24 Juin 1821, when Bolívar defeatit [[ryalist (Hispanic American Revolution)|ryalist]]s in the [[Battle o Carabobo]].<ref name="HT">Maurice Wiesenthal, ''The History and Geography of a Valley'', 1981.</ref>

Caracas grew in economic importance durin Venezuela's ile boom in the early 20t century.  Durin the 1950s, Caracas began an intensive modrenization program which continued throuoot the 1960s an early 1970s. The [[Universidad Central de Venezuela]], designed bi modrenist airchitect [[Carlos Raúl Villanueva]] an declared [[Warld Heritage Steid]] bi [[UNESCO]], wis biggit. New wirkin an middle-cless residential destricts sproutit in the glen, extendin the urban aurie towards the east an sootheast. Joinin [[El Silencio (Caracas)|El Silencio]], designed bi Villanueva an aw, wur several wirkers' hoosin destricts, 23 de Enero an Simon Rodriguez. Middle cless developments include Bello Monte, Los Palos Grandes, Chuao, an El Cafetal. The dramatic chynge in the economic structur o the kintra, which went frae bein primarily agricultural tae dependent on ile production, stimulatit the fast development o Caracas, an made it a magnet for fowk in landwart commonties who migratit tae the caipital ceety in an unplanned fashion searchin for greater economic opportunity. This migration created the ''rancho'' (slum) belt o the glen o Caracas.

==Internaitional relations==
Caracas is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi:
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|
*{{flagicon|PAR}} [[Asunción]], Paraguay
*{{flagicon|COL}} [[Bogotá]], Colombie
*{{flagicon|ARG}} [[Buenos Aires]], Argentinae
*{{flagicon|BOL}} [[Cochabamba]], Bolivie
*{{flagicon|ROM}} [[Cluj-Napoca]], Romanie
*{{flagicon|ALG}} [[Algiers]], Algerie
*{{flagicon|SADR}} [[El Aaiún]], [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Fortaleza]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|GUA}} [[Guatemala Ceety]], Guatemala
*{{flagicon|CUB}} [[Havana]], Cuba
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Istanbul]], Turkey<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|title=Sister Cities of Istanbul|accessdate=1 July 2009|archive-date=2010-01-17|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq0Igk9U?url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=94185|publisher=Radikal|language=Turkish|date=1 July 2009|quote=49 sister cities in 2003|title=İstanbul'a 49 kardeş|last=Erdem|first=Selim Efe|accessdate=22 July 2009}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|BOL}} [[La Paz]], Bolivie
*{{flagicon|POR}} [[Lisbon]], Portugal
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Madrid]], Spain<ref name="hermanadas">{{cite web | title = Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas | publisher = Ayuntamiento de Madrid | url = http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.dbd5147a4ba1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid=4e84399a03003110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=4e98823d3a37a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD&vgnextfmt=especial1&idContenido=1da69a4192b5b010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD Madrid city council webpage | accessdate =22 July 2009}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|NIC}} [[Managua]], Nicaragua
||
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Mexico Ceety]], Mexico
*{{flagicon|BLR}} [[Minsk]], Belaroushie<ref name="Minsk">{{cite web|url=http://minsk.gov.by/ru/city/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502075333/http://minsk.gov.by/ru/city/|title=Twin towns and Sister cities of Minsk ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|publisher=The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee|archivedate=2013-05-02|accessdate=2013-07-21|language=Russian|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Miami]], USA
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Milan]], Italy
*{{flagicon|URU}} [[Montevideo]], Uruguay
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Moscow]], Roushie
*{{flagicon|IND}} [[Navi Mumbai]], Indie
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[New Orleans]], USA
*{{flagicon|PAN}} [[Panama Ceety]], Panama
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Paris]], Fraunce
*{{flagicon|PHI}} [[Quezon Ceety]], Philippines
*{{flagicon|ISL}} [[Reykjavík]], Iceland
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|CRC}} [[San José, Costa Rica]]
||
*{{flagicon|PUR}} [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]]
*{{flagicon|SLV}} [[San Salvador]], El Salvador
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]], Spain
*{{flagicon|CHI}} [[Santiago]], Chile
*{{flagicon|DOM}} [[Santo Domingo]], Dominican Republic
*{{flagicon|USA}} San Francisco, USA
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[São Paulo]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Seoul]], Sooth Korea
*{{flagicon|PRC}} [[Shanghai]], Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
*{{flagicon|HON}} [[Tegucigalpa]], Honduras
*{{flagicon|IRN}} [[Tehran]], Iran
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Washington, D.C.]], USA
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Vigo]], Spain
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Ecatepec de Morelos|Ecatepec]], Mexico
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Commonscat}}

{{Admeenistrative diveesions o Venezuela}}

[[Category:Caracas| ]]
[[Category:Caipitals in Sooth Americae]]
[[Category:Populatit places in Venezuela]]
[[Category:Populatit places established in the 1560s]]
[[Category:1567 establishments]]