East Timor

Democratic Republic o Timor-Leste
Democratic Republic o Timor-Leste; Repúblika Demokrátika Timór Lorosa'e (Tetum); República Democrática de Timor-Leste (Portuguese) ;
	Banner Coat o airms
	Motto: "Unidade, Acção, Progresso" (Portuguese); "Unidade, Asaun, Progresu" (Tetum); "Unity, Action, Progress"
	Anthem: [Pátria] error: {{Native name}}: text has italic markup (help) (Portuguese); "Faitherland"
Caipital; and largest city	Dili; 8°20′S 125°20′E / 8.34°S 125.34°ECoordinates: 8°20′S 125°20′E / 8.34°S 125.34°E
Offeecial leids	Tetum Portuguesea;
Naitional leids	15 leids Atauru; Baikeno; Bekais; Bunak; Fataluku; Galoli; Habun; Idalaka; Kawaimina; Kemak; Makalero; Makasae; Makuva; Mambai; Tokodede; ;
Releegion (2010)	96.9% Roman Catholic ; 3.1% ither releegions
Demonym(s)	East Timorese; Timorese; Maubere (informal)
Govrenment	Unitar semi-presidential constitutional republic
• Preses	Francisco Guterres
• Prime Meenister	José Maria Vasconcelos (Taur Matan Ruak)
Legislatur	Naitional Pairlament
Formation
• Portuguese Timor	16t Century
• Unthirldom declared	28 November 1975
• Annexation bi Indonesie	17 Julie 1976
• Admeenistered bi UNTAET	25 October 1999
• Unthirldom restored	20 Mey 2002
Aurie
• Total	15,410 km2 (5,950 sq mi) (154th)
• Water (%)	negligible
Population
• 2015 census	1,167,242
• Density	78/km2 (202.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$4.567 billion
• Per capita	$5,479 (148t)
GDP (nominal)	2014 estimate
• Tot	$2.498 billion
• Per capita	$3,330
HDI (2015)	0.605; medium · 133rd
Currency	Unitit States Dollarb (USD)
Time zone	UTC+9
Drivin side	left
Cawin code	+670
ISO 3166 code	TL
Internet TLD	.tlc
	Wabsteid; timor-leste.gov.tl
	Fifteen forder "naitional leids" are recognised bi the Constitution.; Centavo cunyies an aa uised.; .tp haes been phased oot.;

East Timor, offeecially named Timor-Leste, (Tetum: Timór-Leste; offeecially the Democratic Republic o Timor-Leste) is a state in Sootheast Asie. It comprises the eastren hauf o the island o Timor, the nearby islands o Atauro an Jaco, an Oecusse, an exclave on the northwastren side o the island, athin Indonesian Wast Timor. The sma kintra o 15,410 km²^[11] (5,400 sq mi) is locatit aboot 640 km (400 mi) northwast o Darwin, Australie.

East Timor wis colonized bi Portugal in the 16t century, an wis kent as Portuguese Timor till Portugal's decolonization o the kintra. In late 1975, East Timor declared its independence, but later that year wis invadit an occupied bi Indonesie an wis declared Indonesie's 27t province the follaein year. In 1999, follaein the Unitit Naitions-sponsored act o self-determination, Indonesie relinquisht control o the territory an East Timor became the first new sovereign state o the 21st century on Mey 20, 2002. East Timor is ane o anerlie twa predominantly Roman Catholic kintras in Asie, the ither being the Philippines.

References[eedit | eedit soorce]

↑ "Volume 2: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas" (PDF). Population and Housing Census of Timor-Leste, 2010. Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance. p. 21.
↑ Hicks, David (15 September 2014). "Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor". Routledge – via Google Books.
↑ Adelman, Howard (28 Juin 2011). "No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation". Columbia University Press – via Google Books.
↑ Shoesmith, Dennis (Mairch–Apryle 2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System" (PDF). Asian Survey. Berkeley: University of California Press. 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. ISSN 0004-4687. OCLC 905451085. Retrieved 25 August 2017. The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
↑ Neto, Octávio Amorim; Lobo, Marina Costa (2010). "Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries" (PDF). APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper. Social Science Research Network. SSRN 1644026. Retrieved 25 August 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
↑ Beuman, Lydia M. (2016). Political Institutions in East Timor: Semi-Presidentialism and Democratisation. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 1317362128. LCCN 2015036590. OCLC 983148216. Retrieved 18 August 2017 – via Google Books.
↑ [1]^{[deid airtin]}
↑ "2015 Census shows population growth moderating". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived frae the original on 7 Februar 2016. Retrieved 24 Julie 2016.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Timor-Leste". The World Bank. Retrieved 3 Mey 2014.
↑ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 21 Mairch 2017.
↑ mne.gov.tl^{[deid airtin]}

[Religion-1] "Volume 2: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas" (PDF). Population and Housing Census of Timor-Leste, 2010. Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance. p. 21.

[2] Hicks, David (15 September 2014). "Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor". Routledge – via Google Books.

[3] Adelman, Howard (28 Juin 2011). "No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation". Columbia University Press – via Google Books.

[Divided-4] Shoesmith, Dennis (Mairch–Apryle 2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System" (PDF). Asian Survey. Berkeley: University of California Press. 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. ISSN 0004-4687. OCLC 905451085. Retrieved 25 August 2017. The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[SpL-5] Neto, Octávio Amorim; Lobo, Marina Costa (2010). "Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries" (PDF). APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper. Social Science Research Network. SSRN 1644026. Retrieved 25 August 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[InstET-6] Beuman, Lydia M. (2016). Political Institutions in East Timor: Semi-Presidentialism and Democratisation. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 1317362128. LCCN 2015036590. OCLC 983148216. Retrieved 18 August 2017 – via Google Books.

[auto-7] [1]^{[deid airtin]}

[census-8] "2015 Census shows population growth moderating". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived frae the original on 7 Februar 2016. Retrieved 24 Julie 2016.

[WB-9] "Timor-Leste". The World Bank. Retrieved 3 Mey 2014.

[HDI-10] "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 21 Mairch 2017.

[11] .gov.tl^{[deid airtin]}

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]