Space Shuttle
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Discovery lifts aff at the stairt o STS-120. | |
| Function | Crewed orbital lench an reentry |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | United Space Alliance Thiokol/Alliant Techsystems (SRBs) Lockheed Martin/Martin Marietta (ET) Boeing/Rockwell (orbiter) |
| Kintra o origin | Unitit States |
| Cost per launch (2019) | US$ 450 million (2011)[1] to 1.5 billion (2011)[2][3][4][5] |
| Size | |
| Hicht | 56.1 m (184.2 ft) |
| Diameter | 8.7 m (28.5 ft) |
| Mass | 2,030 t (4,470,000 lb) |
| Stages | 2 |
| Capacity | |
| Peylaid tae LEO | 27,500 kg (60,600 lb) |
| Peylaid tae ISS | 16,050 kg (35,380 lb) |
| Peylaid tae GTO | 3,810 kg (8,400 lb) |
| Peylaid tae Polar orbit | 12,700 kg (28,000 lb) |
| Peylaid tae Yird return | 14,400 kg (31,700 lb)[6] |
| Launch history | |
| Status | Retired |
| Launch steids | LC-39, Kennedy Space Centre SLC-6, Vandenberg AFB (unused) |
| Total launches | 135 |
| Successes | 134 lenches an 133 laundins |
| Failurs | 2 Challenger (launch failyie, 7 fatalities), Columbia (re-entry failyie, 7 fatalities) |
| First flicht | Apryle 12, 1981 |
| Last flicht | Julie 21, 2011 |
| Notable payloads | Tracking and Data Relay Satellites Spacelab Hubble Space Telescope Galileo, Magellan, Ulysses Compton Gamma Ray Observatory Mir Docking Module Chandra X-ray Observatory ISS components |
| Boosters (Stage 0) - Solid Rocket Boosters | |
| No. boosters | 2[7] |
| Ingines | 2 solit |
| Thrust | 12,500 kN (2,800,000 lbf) ilk, sea level liftaff |
| Specific impulse | 269 seconds (2.64 km/s) |
| Burn time | 124 s |
| Fuel | Solit (Ammonium perchlorate composite propellant) |
| First stage - Orbiter plus ExternalFremmit Tank | |
| Ingines | 3 SSMEs locatit on Orbiter |
| Thrust | 5,250 kN (1,180,000 lbf) tot, sea level liftaff [8] |
| Specific impulse | 455 seconds (4.46 km/s) |
| Burn time | 480 s |
| Fuel | LOX/LH2 |
The Space Shuttle wis a pairtially reuisable law Yird orbital spacecraft seestem operatit bi the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), as pairt o the Space Shuttle programme.
References[eedit | eedit soorce]
- ↑ NASA (2011). "How much does it cost to launch a Space Shuttle?". NASA. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
- ↑ The Rise and Fall of the Space Shuttle, Book Review: Final Countdown: NASA and the End of the Space Shuttle Program by Pat Duggins, American Scientist, 2008, Vol. 96, No. 5, p. 32.
- ↑ CARL BIALIK (July 9, 2011). "As Shuttle Sails Through Space, Costs Are Tough to Pin Down". wsj.com. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ↑ Mike Wall (5 July 2011). "NASA's Shuttle Program Cost $209 Billion — Was it Worth It?". Space.com. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ↑ Pielke Jr., Roger; Radford Byerly (7 April 2011). "Shuttle programme lifetime cost". Nature. 472 (7341): 38. Bibcode:2011Natur.472...38P. doi:10.1038/472038d. PMID 21475182.
- ↑ Woodcock, Gordon R. (1986). Space stations and platforms. Orbit Book co. ISBN 9780894640018. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
The present limit on Shuttle landing payload is 14400 kg. (32000 lb). This value applies to payloads intended for landing.
- ↑ "Mission Pages". Nasa.Gov.
- ↑ Kyle, Ed. "STS Data Sheet". spacelaunchreport.com. Retrieved July 2014. Check date values in:
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