Peter Paul Rubens

Peter Paul Rubens
Self-portrait, 1623, Ryal Collection
Born	Peter Paul Rubens 28 Juin 1577(1577-06-28) Siegen, Nassau-Dillenburg (nou North Rhine-Wastphalie, Germany)
Dee'd	30 Mey 1640(1640-05-30) (aged 62) Antwerp, Spainyie Netherlands (nou Belgium)
Naitionality	Flemish
Eddication	Tobias Verhaecht Adam van Noort Otto van Veen
Kent for	Pentin, Prentmakkin
Muivement	Flemish Baroque Baroque

Sir Peter Paul Rubens (/ˈruːbənz/; Dutch: [ˈrybəns]; 28 Juin 1577 – 30 Mey 1640), wis a Flemish airtist. He is conseedert the maist influential airtist o Flemish Baroque tradeetion. Rubens' heichly chairged composeetions reference erudite aspects o clessical an Christian history. His unique an immensely popular Baroque style emphasized muivement, colour, an sensuality, that follaed the immediate, dramatic airtistic style promotit in the Coonter-Reformation. Rubens specialised in makkin altarpieces, portraits, laundscapes, an history pentins o meethological an allegorical subjects.

In addeetion tae runnin a muckle studio in Antwerp that produced pentins popular wi nobility an airt collectors ootthrou Europe, Rubens wis a clessically eddicatit humanist scholart an diplomat that wis knichtit bi baith Philip IV o Spain an Charles I o Ingland. Rubens wis a proleefic airtist. The catalogue o his warks bi Michael Jaffé leets 1,403 pieces, excludin numerous copies made in his wirkshop.

His commissioned warks war maistly "history pentins", that includit releegious an meethological subjects, an hunt scenes. He pentit portraits, especially o friends, an sel-portraits, an in later life pentit several laundscapes. Rubens designed tapestries an prents, as weel as his awn hoose. He an aa owersaw the ephemeral decorations o the ryal entry intae Antwerp bi the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand in 1635.

His drawins are predominantly verra forcefu but nae owerly detailed. He an aa made great uise o ile sketches as preparatory studies. He wis ane o the last major airtists tae mak consistent uise o widden panels as a support medium, even for verra muckle warks, but he uised canvas as weel, especially whan the wark needit tae be sent a lang distance. For altarpieces he whiles painted on sclate tae reduce reflection problems.