Régence
La Régence | |
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![]() Philippe with Madame de Parabère, Santerre, 1716 | |
Philippe d'Orléans, Duke o Orléans | |
In office 1 September 1715 – 15 Februar 1723 | |
Monarch | Louis XV |
Prime Meenister | Guillaume Dubois (in 1723) |
The Régence refers tae a time atween 1715 an 1723, when King Louis XV wis a minor an Fraunce wis governed bi Philippe d'Orléans, a nephew o Louis XIV o France, as Regent o the Kinrick.
Contemporary European rulers included Philip V o Spain, John V o Portugal, George I o Great Breetain, Charles VI, Haly Roman Emperor (faither o Empress Maria Theresa) an Victor Amadeus II o Sardinie, the maternal grandfaither o King Louis XV.
Chronology[eedit | eedit soorce]
1714[eedit | eedit soorce]
- 29 July 1714: the Duke o Maine an the Coont o Toulouse, Louis XIV's illegitimate sons (bi Madame de Montespan), are made Princes o the Bluid.
1715[eedit | eedit soorce]
- 1 September 1715: Louis XIV dies, his will entrusts the government o France to a regency council, with Philippe d'Orléans, Duke o Orléans aa honorary president and the Duke o Maine aa the real power, until the young Louis o Fraunce, Duke o Anjou reaches his majority (1723)
- 2 September 1715: the Duke o Orléans allies himsel with the Parlement de Paris, who cancelled Louis XIV's will. As a Prince o the Bluid, Philippe o Orléans haed been a member o the Parlement.
- 9 September: Body o Louis XIV taken to Saunt Denis; Louis XV sets off for Vincennes with the Regent, Madame de Ventadour, Villeroy, Toulouse and Maine; Philip V o Spain hears o his grandfaither's daith;
- 12 September: Philippe d'Orléans recognised Regent bi order o the Parlement;
- 15 September: Parlement claims the Droit de remontrance, the right to revoke a law made bi a King who haed died, further supporting the Regent's claim tae power.
- 1 October 1715: Polysynody was held in Paris; it was composed o the highest nobility o the country.
- 30 December: Removal o Louis XV frae the Château de Vincennes tae the Tuileries Palace;
- Louis XV put under the care o François de Neufville, Duke o Villeroy; Guillaume Delisle an the Cardinal de Fleury are put in charge o Louis' education.
1716[eedit | eedit soorce]
- 14 Mairch: Creation o the Chambre Ardente; an extraordinary court o justice in France, mainly held for the trials o heretics;
- 2 Mey: Philippe d'Orléans allows John Law tae found the Banque générale;[1]
- 27 Jin: Birth o Mademoiselle de Chartres at the Palais Royal; she wis the last child o the Regent;
- 9/10 October: Alliance with Great Britain;
1717[eedit | eedit soorce]
- Triple Alliance (1717); a treaty atween the Dutch Republic, France an Great Britain, against Spain, attempting tae maintain the agreement o the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht;
- 31 Mairch: The Regent's second surviving dochter Louise Adélaïde takes the veil an becomes a nun under the name o Sœur Sainte Bathilde.
- 21 Mey: Arrival o Peter I o Roushie in Paris; he visits the King, Versailles, the Regent, his dochter Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans; he stays in Paris; he does not see the Duchess o Orléans despite her pleas; Peter stays at the Grand Trianon;
- 6 Juin 1717: Purchase o the Regent Diamond; later part o the French Croun Jewels;
- Julie: the Duke o Maine an the Coont o Toulouse are stripped o their rank o Princes o the Bluid bi the Parlement
- September: Foundation o the Compagnie d'Occident et du Mississippi;
1718[eedit | eedit soorce]
- Mairch: Arrival o the Duke o Lorraine an his consort, Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (sister o the Regent);
- 31 Mairch: Infanta Mariana Victoria o Spain born in Madrid; later betrothed tae Louis XV;
- 11 Aprile: Daith o the Dowager Duchess o Vendôme;
- 7 Mey: Daith o Mary o Modena at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye; she wis Queen consort o the exiled James II o Ingland;
- 2 August: Quadruple Alliance with Austrick, Fraunce, the Dutch Republic and Great Britain – aimed at revising (principally at Spain's expense) the treaties which ended the War o the Spaingie Succession;
- 24 September: end o the Polysynody an the reestablishment o ministers;
- 4 December: Banque générale becomes the Banque Royale;
- December Exposure o the Cellamare Conspiracy headed bi the Duke o Maine an his wife Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon, which aimed at placing Philip V o Spain as regent o Fraunce with the help o the Spaingie Ambassador, the "Príncipe de Cellamare"; the Duke an Duchess are exiled frae coort an return in 1720 taethe Sceaux;
1719[eedit | eedit soorce]
- 9 Januar: Declaration o War with Spain;
- 15 Aprile: Daith o Madame de Maintenon at Saint-Cyr-l'École;
- Mey foundation o the East India Company by John Law;
- 21 Julie: Daith o Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans; dochter o the Regent who participated in the hectic nightlife o his coort, even during several pregnancies with different men.
1720[eedit | eedit soorce]
- 5 January: John Law made Controller General of Finances;
- 11 February: Mairiage o Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans tae Francesco d'Este, Hereditary Prince o Modena at the Tuileries Palace;
- March : Great Plague o Marseille;
- 21 March: Daith o Marie Anne de Bourbon, wife o the Duke o Bourbon;
- 26 March: Execution o the leaders o the Pontcallec Conspiracy against the Regency.
1721[eedit | eedit soorce]
- Publication o the Persian Letters bi Montesquieu; negotiations atween the Regent an Peter I o Roushie begin regarding the proposed mairiage o the Regents only legitimate son to a dochter o the Emperor, namely either the Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna o Roushie or the future Elizabeth o Roushie; plans fail an Louis d'Orléans mairys in 1724;
- 6 Januar: Arrest o Louis Dominique Bourguignon;
- 27 Mairch: Alliance o Spain and Fraunce;
- Mey : Visit o Mehmet Effendi; Turkish Ambassador;
- 18 Julie: Daith o Antoine Watteau;
- 17 September: Daith o the Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, Grand Duchess o Tuscany; cousin o the Regent;
- 29 December : Birth o the future Madame de Pompadour;
- Marie Anne de Bourbon is put in charge o the Infanta's education in Fraunce;
1722[eedit | eedit soorce]
- The Dowager Duchess o Bourbon starts the construction o the Palais Bourbon in Paris tae a design bi the Italian architect Lorenzo Giardini, approved bi Jules Hardouin Mansart;
- 20 Januar: Mairiage o Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans to the future Louis I o Spain;
- 10 Mairch: Arrival o Infanta Mariana Victoria o Spain in Paris; dochter o Philip V o Spain an Elisabeth Farnese;
- 15 Juin: Louis XV and the court return to Versailles; the Regent takes the auld apartments o his dead cousin, the late Louis, Dauphin o Fraunce (1661–1711);
- 22 August: Guillaume Dubois made the Prime Minister o the Regent;
- 25 October: Coronation o Louis XV at the Cathedral o Notre Dame, Reims;
- 8 December: Daith o Elisabeth Charlotte o the Palatinate (Madame), mither o the Regent;
1723[eedit | eedit soorce]
- Louis XV orders plans for the future Salon d'Hercule to begin;
- 2 Februar: Secret mairiage o the Coont o Toulouse an Marie Victoire de Noailles (already widowed dochter in law o Madame de Montespan) in Paris; their marriage was only announced after the daith o the Regent;
- 16 Februar: Majority o Louis XV;
- 23 Februar: Daith o Anne o Bavarie, Dowager Princess o Condé;
- 10 August: Daith o Dubois; Role later took on bi Louis Henri, Duke o Bourbon, Prince o Condé;
- 2 December: Daith o the Regent at the Palace o Versailles;
References[eedit | eedit soorce]
- ↑ Nevin, Seamus. "Richard cantillon – The Faither o Economics". History Ireland. pp. 20–23. JSTOR 10.2307/41827152. Missing or empty
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