Qajar dynasty

Qajar dynasty
Qajar dynasty; قاجاریه; Qājāriyyeh
	1789–1925
	Banner Coat o airms
	Anthem: Salâm-e Shâh; (Ryal salute)
	Cairt o Iran unner the Qajar dynasty in the 19t century.
Caipital	Tehran
Common leids	Persie (coort leeteratur, admeenistrative, cultural, offeecial),; Azerbaijani (coort leid & mither tongue)
Govrenment	Absolute monarchy (1785–1906); Constitutional monarchy (1906–1925)
Shah, Mirza
• 1794–1797	Mohammad Khan Qajar (first)
• 1909–1925	Ahmad Shah Qajar (last)
Prime Meenister
• 1906	Mirza Nasrullah Khan (first)
• 1923–1925	Reza Pahlavi (last)
History
• Qajar dynasty begins	1789
• Treaty o Gulistan	1813
• Treaty o Turkmenchay	1828
• Treaty o Paris	1857
• Treaty o Akhal	1881
• Constitutional Revolution	1906
• Pahlavi dynasty begins	1925
Currency	qiran
Precedit bi	Succeedit bi
	Zand dynasty
	Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
	Afsharid dynasty
	Durrani Empire
Pahlavi dynasty
Roushie Empire
The day pairt o	Countries today Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Georgia; Iran; Iraq; Russia; Turkmenistan; Turkey; Pakistan; Afghanistan ;

The Qajar dynasty (listen (help·info); Persie: سلسله قاجار‎ Selsele-ye Qājār; romanised as Ghajar, Kadjar, Qachar etc. an aa ; Azerbaijani: Qacarlar) wis a Persianised^[5] ryal faimily o Turkic origin,^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] which ruled Persie (Iran) frae 1785 tae 1925.^[11]^[12]

References[eedit | eedit soorce]

↑ Homa Katouzian, "State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis", Published by I.B.Tauris, 2006. pg 327: "In post-Islamic times, the mother-tongue of Iran's rulers was often Turkic, but Persian was almost invariably the cultural and administrative language"
↑ Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. pg 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. At the same time, the official language was Persian, the court literature was in Persian, and most of the chancellors, ministers, and mandarins were Persian speakers of the highest learning and ability"
↑ Ardabil Becomes a Province: Center-Periphery Relations in Iran, H. E. Chehabi, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2 (May, 1997), 235;"Azeri Turkish was widely spoken at the two courts in addition to Persian, and Mozaffareddin Shah (r.1896-1907) spoke Persian with an Azeri Turkish accent....".
↑ علی‌اصغر شمیم، ایران در دوره سلطنت قاجار، ته‍ران‌: انتشارات علمی، ۱۳۷۱، ص ۲۸۷
↑ Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3
↑ "Genealogy and History of Qajar (Kadjar) Rulers and Heads of the Imperial Kadjar House". Archived frae the original on 29 Julie 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
↑ Cyrus Ghani. Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power, I.B. Tauris, 2000, ISBN 1-86064-629-8, p. 1
↑ William Bayne Fisher. Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 344, ISBN 0-521-20094-6
↑ Dr Parviz Kambin, A History of the Iranian Plateau: Rise and Fall of an Empire, Universe, 2011, p.36, online edition.
↑ Jamie Stokes, Anthony Gorman, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 2010, p.707, Online Edition, The Safavid and Qajar dynasties, rulers in Iran from 1501 to 1722 and from 1795 to 1925 respectively, were Turkic in origin.
↑ Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3; "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty.."
↑ Choueiri, Youssef M., A companion to the history of the Middle East, (Blackwell Ltd., 2005), 231,516.

[1] Homa Katouzian, "State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis", Published by I.B.Tauris, 2006. pg 327: "In post-Islamic times, the mother-tongue of Iran's rulers was often Turkic, but Persian was almost invariably the cultural and administrative language"

[2] Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. pg 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. At the same time, the official language was Persian, the court literature was in Persian, and most of the chancellors, ministers, and mandarins were Persian speakers of the highest learning and ability"

[3] Ardabil Becomes a Province: Center-Periphery Relations in Iran, H. E. Chehabi, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2 (May, 1997), 235;"Azeri Turkish was widely spoken at the two courts in addition to Persian, and Mozaffareddin Shah (r.1896-1907) spoke Persian with an Azeri Turkish accent....".

[4] علی‌اصغر شمیم، ایران در دوره سلطنت قاجار، ته‍ران‌: انتشارات علمی، ۱۳۷۱، ص ۲۸۷

[Abbas-5] Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3

[kadjarfamily.org-6] "Genealogy and History of Qajar (Kadjar) Rulers and Heads of the Imperial Kadjar House". Archived frae the original on 29 Julie 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2015.

[ghani1-7] Cyrus Ghani. Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power, I.B. Tauris, 2000, ISBN 1-86064-629-8, p. 1

[William_Bayne_Fisher_1993,_p._344-8] William Bayne Fisher. Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 344, ISBN 0-521-20094-6

[online_edition-9] Dr Parviz Kambin, A History of the Iranian Plateau: Rise and Fall of an Empire, Universe, 2011, p.36, online edition.

[10] Jamie Stokes, Anthony Gorman, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 2010, p.707, Online Edition, The Safavid and Qajar dynasties, rulers in Iran from 1501 to 1722 and from 1795 to 1925 respectively, were Turkic in origin.

[autogenerated1-11] Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3; "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty.."

[12] Choueiri, Youssef M., A companion to the history of the Middle East, (Blackwell Ltd., 2005), 231,516.

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