Hydrazine

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Hydrazine
Skeletal formula o hydrazine wi aw explicit hydrogens addit
Spacefill model of hydrazine
Stereo, skeletal formula o hydrazine wi aw explicit hydrogens addit
Ball an stick model o hydrazine
Sample of hydrazine hydrate.jpg
Hydrazine hydrate
Names
Seestematic IUPAC name
Hydrazine[2]
Ither names
Diamine[1]
Diazane[2]
Identifiers
302-01-2 YesY
3DMet B00770
Beilstein Reference 878137
ChEBI CHEBI:15571 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL1237174 N
ChemSpider 8960 YesY
EC-nummer [1]
Gmelin Reference 190
Jmol-3D images Image
KEGG C05361 YesY
MeSH Hydrazine
PubChem
RTECS nummer MU7175000
UNII 27RFH0GB4R YesY
UN nummer 2029
Properties
N
2H
4
Molar mass 32.0452 g mol-1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Density 1.021 g cm-3
Meltin pynt 2 °C; 35 °F; 275 K
Bylin pynt 114 °C; 237 °F; 387 K
log P 0.67
Vapour pressur 1 kP (at 30.7 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 8.10[3]
Basicity (pKb) 5.90
Refractive index (nD) 1.46044 (at 22 °C)
Viscosity 0.876 cP
Structure
Molecular shape Triangular pyramidal at N
Dipole moment 1.85 D[4]
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy o
formation ΔfHo298		 50.63 kJ mol-1
Staundart molar
entropy So298		 121.52 J K-1 mol-1
Hazards
Safety data sheet ICSC 0281
GHS pictograms The flame pictogram in the Globally Harmonized Seestem o Classification an Labelling o Chemicals (GHS) The corrosion pictogram in the Globally Harmonized Seestem o Classification an Labelling o Chemicals (GHS) The skull-an-crossbones pictogram in the Globally Harmonized Seestem o Classification an Labellin o Chemicals (GHS) The health hazard pictogram in the Globally Harmonized Seestem o Classification an Labellin of Chemicals (GHS) The environment pictogram in the Globally Harmonized Seestem o Classification an Labellin o Chemicals (GHS)
GHS signal wird DANGER
GHS hazard statements H226, H301, H311, H314, H317, H331, H350, H410
GHS precautionary statements P201, P261, P273, P280, P301+310, P305+351+338
EU clessification Toxic T Dangerous for the Environment (Naitur) N [5]
R-phrases R45, R10, R23/24/25, R34, R43, R50/53
S-phrases S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressur an temperatur, or is readily dispersed in air an will burn readily. Flash pynt ablo 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propane Health code 4: Very short exposur could cause daith or major residual injury. E.g., VX gas Reactivity code 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiatin soorce, must be heatit unner confinement afore initiation, reacts explosively wi watter, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g., fluorine Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash pynt 52 °C
Explosive leemits 1.8–99.99%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
59–60 mg/kg (oral in rats, mice)[6]
Related compounds
Relatit compoonds Ammonia

Diphosphane
Tetrafluorohydrazine
Except whaur otherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY verify (whit is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Hydrazine (an aa cried diazane) is an inorganic compoond wi the formula N2H4. It is a colourless flammable liquid wi an ammonia-like odor. Hydrazine is heichly toxic an dangerously unstable unless haundled in solution. As o 2002, approximately 260,000 tons wur manufactured annually.[7] Hydrazine is mainly uised as a foamin agent in preparin polymer foams, but significant applications an aa include its uises as a precursor tae polymerization catalysts an pharmaceuticals. Addeetionally, hydrazine is uised in various rocket fuels an tae prepare the gas precursors uised in air bags. Hydrazine is uised within baith nuclear an conventional electrical pouer plant steam cycles as an oxygen scavenger tae control concentrations o dissolved oxygen in an effort tae reduce corrosion.

References[eedit | eedit soorce]

  1. ↑ "NIOSH Guide - Hydrazine". Centers for Disease Control. Retrieved 16 August 2012. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "hydrazine - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 
  3. ↑ Hall, H.K., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 5441.
  4. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth–Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419. 
  5. ↑ "Hydrazine safety data sheet". 
  6. ↑ Martel, B.; Cassidy, K. (2004). Chemical Risk Analysis: A Practical Handbook. Butterworth–Heinemann. p. 361. ISBN 1-903996-65-1. 
  7. ↑ Jean-Pierre Schirmann, Paul Bourdauducq "Hydrazine" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_177.

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