Makhachkala
| Makhachkala (Scots) Махачкала (Roushie) МахIачхъала (Avar) Магьачкъала (Kumyk) |
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| - City[citation needit] - | |
.svg) Location o the Republic of Dagestan in Roushie |
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  Makhachkala
Location o Makhachkala in the Republic of Dagestan
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| Coordinates: 42°58′N 47°30′E / 42.967°N 47.5°E | |
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| Admeenistrative status (as o Aprile 2006) | |
| Kintra | Roushie |
| Federal subject | Dagestan |
| Admeenistratively subordinatit tae | Ceety o Makhachkala[1] |
| Caipital o | Republic o Dagestan[citation needit] |
| Admeenistrative centre o | Ceety o Makhachkala[1] |
| Municipal status (as o November 2006) | |
| Urban okrug | Makhachkala Urban Okrug[2] |
| Admeenistrative centre o | Makhachkala Urban Okrug[2] |
| Ceety Heid[citation needit] | Said Amirov[citation needit] |
| Representative body | Assembly o Deputies[citation needit] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 466.3 km2 (180.0 sq mi)[citation needit] |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
577,990 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 26t |
| Population (2002 Census) | 462,412 inhabitants[4] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 37t |
| Densitie | 1,240 /km2 (3,200 /sq mi)[5] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[6] |
| Founded | 15th century[citation needit] |
| Previous names | Petrovskoye (until 1857),[citation needit] Petrovsk-Port (until 1921)[citation needit] |
| Dialin code(s) | +7 8722[citation needit] |
| Offeecial wabsteid | |
Makhachkala (Roushie: Махачкала́; IPA: [məxətɕkɐˈla]; Avar: МахIачхъала; Lezgian: Магьачкъала; Kumyk: Магьачкъала, Mağaçqala) is the caipital ceety o the Republic o Dagestan, Roushie. It is locatit on the wastren shore o the Caspian Sea an is hame tae the Makhachkala Grand Mosque, ane o Roushie's lairgest. Accordin tae the preliminary results o the 2010 Census, the ceety haed a population o 577,990.[3]
Table o contents |
History [edit]
Makhachkala's historic predecessor wis the toun o Tarki, nou a near suburb, whose history goes back tae the 15t century an possibly hintle earlier. The modren ceety o Makhachkala wis foondit in 1844 as a fortress; toun status wis grantit in 1857. The oreeginal Roushie name o the ceety wis Petrovskoye (Петро́вское)—efter the Roushie tsar Peter the Great who visitit the region in 1722. Housomeivver, amang the locals it wis kent as Anzhi-Qala (A Fortress o Soil, Qala or Kala قلعه means Fortress in Arabic an Turkic). The ceety wis renamit Petrovsk-Port (Петро́вск-Порт) in 1857, sometimes simply Petrovsk, an then Makhachkala in 1921. The ceety incurred major damage durin the earthquake o 14 Mey 1970. It wis briefly renamit as Shamilkala in 1920s.
In Januar 1919, durin the Roushie Ceevil War, the Breetish based No. 221 Squadron Ryal Air Force at Petrovsk. In Mairch they wur joined bi No. 266 Squadron an baith squadrons wur involvit in bombin operations against Bolshevik forces in Astrakhan an elsewhare. In August 1919 baith squadrons wur athdrawn frae Petrovsk.[7]
Administrative and municipal status [edit]
Administratively, along with six rural localities, it is incorporated as the City of Makhachkala—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] Municipally, the City of Makhachkala is incorporated as Makhachkala Urban Okrug.[2]
Ceety diveesions [edit]
Admeenistratively, the ceety is dividit intae three ceety destricts: Kirovsky, Leninsky, an Sovetsky.
Unrest [edit]
Makhachkala is close tae auries o fechtin an therefore it an the surroondin region haes a hivy security service presence. On 25 November 2011, a protest teuk place in Makhachkala attendit bi up tae 3,000 fowk demandin an end tae illegal activities perpetratit bi the security services.[8]
On December 15, 2011, Gadzhimurat Kamalov, a Roushie investigative journalist an foonder o the unthirlt Chernovik newspaper wis shot deid in an apparent assassination.[9]
Demographics [edit]
The population o Makhachkala includes (2002 census data): [1]
- Avars (26.5%)
- Laks (14.6%)
- Kumyks (13.9%)
- Dargins (13.7%)
- Lezgins (13.6%)
- Roushies (9.1%)
- Tabassarans (2.2%)
- Azeri (1.4%)
- Rutuls (1.2%)
Transportation [edit]
The ceety is servit bi Uytash Airport, Russian Railways an Caspian Sea International Port.
Sports [edit]
The ceety's fitbaa team, FC Anzhi Makhachkala, plays in the Roushie Premier League. Housomeivver, acause o recent unrest, the players currently live an train in Moscow [10].
Climate [edit]
The climate o Makhachkala combines subtropical wairm simmers an a continental climate resulting in cauld winters. It is influencit bi a semi-arid climate an aw (Köppen climate classification: BSk) as is foond athort maist o the Caspian Sea basin.
| Climate data for Makhachkala | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record heich °C (°F) | 19.0 (66.2) |
20.9 (69.6) |
28.8 (83.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.1 (95.2) |
36.1 (97.0) |
38.7 (101.7) |
38.7 (101.7) |
35.0 (95.0) |
28.9 (84.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
19.9 (67.8) |
38.7 (101.7) |
| Average heich °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
7.8 (46.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.7 (83.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
16.0 (60.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) |
1.2 (34.2) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
7.5 (45.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Average laich °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
17.7 (63.9) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.1 (48.4) |
| Record laich °C (°F) | −25.1 | −26.9 | −13.5 (7.7) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
5.8 (42.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
8.0 (46.4) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−19.7 | −26.5 | −26.9 |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 32 (1.26) |
27 (1.06) |
22 (0.87) |
17 (0.67) |
32 (1.26) |
22 (0.87) |
21 (0.83) |
28 (1.1) |
46 (1.81) |
45 (1.77) |
41 (1.61) |
32 (1.26) |
365 (14.37) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 6 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 59 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 74.4 | 72.5 | 105.4 | 171.0 | 244.9 | 279.0 | 282.1 | 269.7 | 195.0 | 151.9 | 81.0 | 68.2 | 1,995.1 |
| Source no. 1: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: World Meteorological Organization (UN),[12] Hong Kong Observatory[13] for data of sunshine hours | |||||||||||||
Internaitional relations [edit]
- Main airticle: Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Roushie
Twin touns an sister cities [edit]
Makhachkala is twinned wi:
Sfax, Tunisie
Siping, Cheenae
Spokane, Unitit States
Vladikavkaz, Roushie
Yalova, Turkey
Ndola, Zambie
Oldenburg, Germany
Maharajganj, Indie
References [edit]
Notes [edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Law #16
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law #6
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Retrieved on 9 Februar 2012. .
- ↑ Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Retrieved on 9 Februar 2012. .
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Bowyer, Chaz (1988). RAF Operations 1918-1938. London: William Kimber, 40, 41.
- ↑ Russian journalist gunned down in violent republic of Dagestan, Guardian, retrieved 16/12/2011
- ↑ Newspaper chief's murder in Dagestan adds to toll of Russian journalists, Guardian, retrieved 16/12/2011
- ↑ "Blackburn Rovers defender Chris Samba joins Anzhi Makhachkala", BBC, 24 February 2012.
- ↑ Pogoda.ru.net (Russian). Retrieved on 8 September 2007. .
- ↑ Weather Information for Mahackala.
- ↑ Climatological Information for Mahackala, Russia.
Sources [edit]
- Народное Собрание Республики Дагестан. Закон №16 от 10 апреля 2002 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №23 от 4 апреля 2006 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Дагестан в связи с прекращением полномочий Государственного Совета Республики Дагестан». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Дагестанская правда", №81, 12 апреля 2002 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan. Law #16 of April 10, 2002 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Dagestan, as amended by the Law #23 of April 4, 2006 On Amending Several Legislative Acts of the Republic of Dagestan Due to the Termination of Powers of the State Council of the Republic of Dagestan. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Народное Собрание Республики Дагестан. Закон №6 от 13 января 2005 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №60 от 5 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 9 Закона Республики Дагестан "О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Республики Дагестан"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Дагестанская правда", №8, 15 февраля 2005 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan. Law #6 of January 13, 2005 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Dagestan, as amended by the Law #60 of October 5, 2012 On Amending Article 9 of the Law of the Republic of Dagestan "On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Dagestan". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
