Jiuquan
| Jiuquan | |
|---|---|
| — Prefectur-level ceety — | |
| 酒泉市 | |
| Jiuquan Park | |
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  Jiuquan
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| Coordinates: 39°46′N 98°34′E / 39.767°N 98.567°E | |
| Kintra | Cheenae |
| Province | Gansu |
| Aurie | |
| - Tot | 191,342 km2 (73,877.6 sq mi) |
| Indwallers (2002) | |
| - Tot | 962,000 |
| - Densitie | 5/km2 (13/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China standard time (UTC+8) |
| Wabsteid | http://www.jiuquan.gov.cn/ |
Jiuquan (Cheenese: 酒泉; pinyin: Jiǔquán) is a "prefectur-level ceety" in the wastmaist pairt o the Gansu province in Cheenae. It is ane o the lairgest ceeties in the warld bi aurie.
Table o contents |
History[edit]
The entire "prefectur-level ceety" (that is, a multi-coonty admeenistrative unit - an equivalent tae the traditional Cheenese prefectur) stretches for mair than 500 km frae east tae wast, occupyin 191,342 km²; its population as o 2002 wis 962,000.
The ceety's name came frae legendary tale o the young Han general Huo Qubing, who poured a jar of precious wine intae a local creek in order tae share the taste wi his troops, in celebration o their crushin victory against Xiongnu forces. The creek wis later named Jiu Quan ("Wine Spring"), which became the name o the Han prefecture established there. It wis an active military garrison durin the Later Han Dynasty.[1]
It is kent in popular legend as the place where rhubarb wis first grown an is an aa the ceety whaur the Portuguese Jesuit missionary an splorer Bento de Góis (1562–1607) wis robbed an dee'd destitute.[2]
Admeenistrative diveesions[edit]
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2004 est.) |
Aurie (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Suzhou Destrict | 肃州区 | Sùzhōu Qū | 350,000 | 3,349 | 105 |
| 2 | Yumen Ceety | 玉门市 | Yùmén Shì | 170,000 | 13,500 | 13 |
| 3 | Dunhuang Ceety | 敦煌市 | Dūnhuáng Shì | 140,000 | 26,960 | 5 |
| 4 | Jinta Coonty | 金塔县 | Jīntǎ Xiàn | 140,000 | 14,663 | 9 |
| 5 | Guazhou Coonty | 瓜州县 | Guāzhōu Xiàn | 90,000 | 21,350 | 4 |
| 6 | Subei Mongol Autonomous Coonty | 肃北蒙古族 自治县 |
Sùběi Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn |
10,000 | 55,000 | <1 |
| 7 | Aksai Kazakh Autonomous Coonty | 阿克塞哈萨克族 自治县 |
Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn |
10,000 | 31,374 | <1 |
Geography[edit]
Jiuquan haes a cauld desert climate (Koppen BWk), wi lang, cauld winters, an hot, somewha dry simmers. Monthly average temperatures range frae −9 °C (15.8 °F) in Januar tae 21.7 °C (71.1 °F) in Julie, wi an annual mean of 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). The range atween daytime an nichttime temperatures is heich throughoot hintle o the year. Wi sunny weather an law humidity dominatin year-roond, the aurie hosts ane o the launch steids for the PRC's space programme.
| Climate data for Jiuquan (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average heich °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
2.3 (36.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
17.4 (63.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.8 (80.2) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.8 (82.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
15.3 (59.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
14.8 (58.6) |
| Average laich °C (°F) | −14.9 (5.2) |
−11.3 (11.7) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
12.7 (54.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
8.2 (46.8) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
1.0 (33.8) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 1.2 (0.047) |
1.4 (0.055) |
4.8 (0.189) |
3.7 (0.146) |
7.9 (0.311) |
14.8 (0.583) |
20.5 (0.807) |
19.7 (0.776) |
8.8 (0.346) |
2.3 (0.091) |
1.6 (0.063) |
1.1 (0.043) |
87.8 (3.457) |
| % humidity | 53 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 37 | 47 | 53 | 52 | 51 | 47 | 49 | 56 | 47.1 |
| Avg. precipitation days | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 5.8 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 39.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 219.0 | 211.5 | 240.6 | 259.0 | 293.3 | 283.0 | 279.1 | 276.9 | 267.5 | 265.1 | 227.1 | 208.6 | 3,030.7 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
Suzhou toun[edit]
The admeenistrative center o the "prefectur-level ceety" o Jiuquan is the "Destrict" o Suzhou (肃州区, Suzhou Qu), which occupees 3,386 square km in the eastren pairt o Jiuquan "prefecture-level ceety", an haed a population o 340,000 as o 2002. It is whaur modren mapmakers wad uisually place the "Jiuquan" label.
There is (or was) a lairge billbuird at the entrance tae the ceety that read: "Without Haste, Without Fear, We Conquer the World".[2]
The Destrict o Suzhou corresponds tae the historic toun o Suzhou (no tae be ramfeeselt wi Suzhou in Jiangsu province). It wis foondit in 111 BC as a military ootpost on the Silk Road tae Central Asie (the Hexi Corridor). It is approximately 1500 m abuin sea level.
Being an important key point in the Hexi Corridor, Suzhou aften foond itsel tae be a defendit fortress, taken wi a hivy loss o life, as wis the case when Meng Qiaofang teuk it frae Ding Guodong in 1649, or when the Qing general Zuo Zongtang teuk it in 1873 frae its Hui defenders commandit bi Ma Wenlu durin the Muslim Rebellion.
Transport[edit]
Jiuquan is served bi Cheenae Naitional Heich-gate 312 an the Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway.
It is an aa served bi Jiuquan Airport
Space launch center[edit]
- Main airticle: Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Jiuquan ceety (i.e. Suzhou) is the closest major ceety tae the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Still, the space launch center is mair than 100 km away frae the ceety, an is actually locatit no in Gansu province, but in the neighborin Inner Mongolie Autonomous Region. It wis built in 1958; the first Cheenese human spaceflicht, Shenzhou 5 wis launched there on 15 October 2003, makin Yang Liwei Cheenae's first cosmonaut an a naitional hero.[2] The second was in 2005.
See an aa[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
Freemit airtins[edit]
- Offeecial Wab Steid
- Rocket launch steid -- Astronautix
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