Civita Castellana

Civita Castellana
Comune
Comune di Civita Castellana
Piazza Matteotti in Civita Castellana bi nicht.
Civita Castellana Location o Civita Castellana in Italy
Coordinates: 42°17′N 12°24′E
Kintra	Italy
Region	Lazio
Province	Viterbo (VT)
Frazioni	Borghetto, Pian Paradiso, Sassacci
Govrenment
• Mayor	Gianluca Angelelli
Area
• Total	83.28 km2 (32.15 sq mi)
Elevation	145 m (476 ft)
Population  (2008)
• Total	16,722
• Density	200/km2 (520/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Civitonici
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	01033
Diallin code	0761
Patron saunt	Sts. John an Marcianus
Saunt day	September 16
Website	Offeecial wabsteid

Civita Castellana is a toun an comune in the province o Viterbo, 65 kilometre (40 mi) north o Roum.

Munt Soracte lees aboot 10 kilometre (6 mi) tae the sooth-east.

History

Civita Castellana wis settled durin the Airn Age bi the Italic fowk o the Falisci, who cried it Falerii. Efter the Faliscan defeat against the Romans, a new ceety wis built bi the latter, aboot 5 kilometre (3 mi) awa, an cried Falerii Novi.

The abandoned ceety wis repopulatit at beginnin in the early Middle Ages, wi the new name o Civita Castellana (roughly translatit as "Ceety o the Castle") mentioned first in 994. In the follaein hunderyears the ceety wis a flourishin unthirlt commune, aften contendit bi the Pape an the Holy Roman Empire. Captured bi Pape Paschal II at the beginnin o the 12t hunderyear, the ceety wis gien as fief tae the Savelli bi Pape Gregory XIV.

Pape Sixtus IV assigned the ceety tae Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia, the futur Pape Alexander VI, who stairtit the construction o the Rocca ("Castle"), which wis completit unner Pape Julius II.

Civita Castellana became a important road hub wi the connection tae the Via Flaminia (1606) an the construction o Ponte Clementino efter the French victory against a Neapolitan airmy in 1709.

Main sichts

The cathedral o Santa Maria di Pozzano (Santa Maria Maggiore) possesses a fine portico, erectit in 1210 bi Laurentius Romanus, his son Jacobus an his grandson Cosmas, in the Cosmatesque style, wi auncient columns an mosaic decorations. The interior wis modrenisit in the 18t hunderyear, but haes some fragments o Cosmatesque ornamentation. The heich altar is made oot o a Paleo-Christian sarcophagus o the 3rd or 4t hunderyear. The auncient crpyt an the auld sacristy are hame tae examples o central Italian medieval airt an aw.

The kirk o Santa Chiara has a Renaissance portal frae 1529, while the Kirk o the Carmine haes a notewirthy, smaw belltouer frae the 12t hunderyear, includin antique Roman elements.

The Rocca (citadel) wis erectit bi Alexander VI frae the designs o Antonio da Sangallo the Elder, ower pre-existin fortifications, an enlairgit bi Julius II an Leo X.

Ponte Clementino, the brig bi which the toun is approached, dates tae the 18t hunderyear.

The toun conteens the ruins o the Castle o Paterno an aw, whaur, on 23 Januar 1002, Emperor Otto III dee'd at the age o 22.

The Naitional Museum o the Faliscan Kintraside conteens fyndins frae the auncient Falerii an the surroondin auries.

Sources an references

• Boscolo, Silvia, Luca Creti, Consuelo Mastelloni (1993) Il pavimento cosmatesco della Cattedrale di Civita Castellana. Biblioteca e società 23(1-2).[1] Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine
•  This airticle incorporates text frae a publication nou in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "^{article name needed}". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
•  This airticle incorporates text frae a publication nou in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedie. Robert Appleton Company. CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) [2]